DIRECTIONS FOR THE USE OF FUNGICIDP:S AND 



INSECTICIDES FOR THE SEASON OF 1896. 



S. T. Maynard. 



During the past season, farm and garden crops were more largely 

 exempt from serious injury by fungous pests than usual, owing to 

 various causes, but largely because of the extremely dry weather 

 which has been unfavorable for fungous growth, but favorable for 

 insect development. 



The beneficial results of the use of fungicides and insecticides for 

 the past three or four years, however, make it certain that we cannot 

 afford to run the risk of being unprepared, but should always use the 

 best known remedies for insect and fungous pests as a matter of 

 regular routine, in the same way as we fertilize or cultivate our crops, 

 and we find many of the best growers are equipping themselves for 

 the work with the most approved appliances. 



The season for the treatment of our fruit croi)s to prevent injury 

 from insects and fungous growths is fast approaching, and we give 

 below directions for this work based upon the results of our own 

 experiments, those obtained by other stations and from the results of 

 in(lividual practical growers. We would urge the importance of a 

 thorough application in all cases of the fungicide, especially the first 

 spraying, when the trees are dormant, as no possible harm can be 

 done and the liberal amount of copper thus applied will be distribut- 

 ed over the tree after the leaves are unfolded. 



COMBINED INSECTICIDES AND FUNGICIDES. 



AVhile the work of this division is largely confined to the study and 

 treatment of fungous diseases, we have combined insecticides and 

 fungicides, because such combination can be applied more economi- 

 cally than if each is applied separately. 



FUNGICIDES. 



Nothing has been discovered during the past year that is more 

 effective or better adapted to general use as a fungicide than the 

 Bordeaux mixture and the Ammoniacal Carbonate of Copper. 



BORDEAUX MIXTURE. 



Formula. 4 lbs. Copper Sulphate, (Blue Vitriol). 

 4 lbs. Caustic Lime (Unslaked Lime). 

 Dissolve the Copper in hot water. (If suspended in a basket or 

 sack in a tub of cold water it will however dissolve in from two to 

 three hours.) 



The Lime is then slaked in another vessel adding water slowly that 

 it may be thoroughly slaked. When both are cool, pour together, 

 straining the lime through a fine mesh sieve or burlap strainer, and 

 thoroughly mix. Before using, add water enough to make 



(A) 25 gallons of the mixture or 



(B) 50 " " " " 



The active agent in this mixture is the copper, the lime being used 

 simply to hold it in place upon the foliage and branches of the plants 

 sprayed. Here it is given up gradually, destroying the spores of the 



