Sprayii (or me Desirucilon of insects and Fungoos Growtiis. 



The results of spraying during the past season to protect crops 

 from insects and fungous pests, again show the great benefits 

 derived from this work. 



All of the fruit and vegetable crops grown on the college grounds 

 generally injured by the above pests, were treated according to the 

 spraying calendar of 18'J6 and in most cases with marked beneficial 

 results, only one illustration of which will be offered. 



SPUAYING APPLE TREES. 



Four Baldwin and five R. I. Greening apple trees were selected ; 

 three of the former and four of latter variety wei*e sprayed leaving as 

 a check one tree of each kind. 



Results: The trees sprayed gave results as follows: Baldwin, 

 3.37% more picked apples, 16% less windfalls, 50% less 

 wormy fruit, and 93% less scabby fruit than the uusprayed trees; 

 R. I. Greening, 100% more picked fruit, 49% less windfalls, 81% 

 less wormy fruit and 72% less scabby fruit. 



Equally good results were obtained with many other kinds of fruits. 



PUMPS AND NOZZLES. 



There has been considerable improvement made in the pumps and 

 nozzles put upon the market in the past year, and many new pumps 

 have been offered. Whatever the kind of pump purchased it is 

 important that it be used carefully, that the spraying material, if 

 containing coarse particles, be carefully strained before use, that all 

 parts be kept well oiled and after using that the pump be cleaned by 

 pumping sufficient clear water through it to clear it of corroding 

 materials. 



Good judgment and considerable mechanical skill must be exer- 

 cised to get the best results with any complicated machine, and only 

 those persons possessing these qualifications should be allowed to 

 use the pumps. 



KEROSENE EMULSION. 



Formula. ^ lb. common bar soap, 



2 gallons common kerosene. 

 Cut the soap into small pieces or shavings and dissolve in about 

 two gallons of hot water. While still hot, pour in the kerosene and 

 with the hand pump or syringe, pump it back and forth until a thick 

 butter-like substance is formed. In this condition the kerosene is 

 divided into very minute globules and will be readily diluted or 

 suspended in water. 



Before using, add water enough to make 



(A) 10 gallons of emulsion 

 (B) 20 " " " 

 A to be used when the insects are in large numbers and the foliage 

 is known not to be easily injured by it. 



Pyrethrnm Poivder and Hellebore should be obtained in a perfectly 

 fresh condition and be kept in glass stoppered jars. 



