46 



also to mildly excite the action of the stomach. It has a warm 

 taste and an agreeable characteristic odor which is an aid in its 

 diagnosis. 



The peculiar warty hairs of the epidermis and the large, more 

 or less branching oil ducts are highly characteristic of anise. 

 (Fig. 42.) The hairs are up to 200;u in length and about 15^ 

 broad, and have minute protuberances on the surface. The base 

 is more or less poh^gonal in shape and similar to the brownish 

 epidennal cells. Occasionally the hairs are divided by a cross 

 partition. 



The oil ducts are of various sizes and range in diameter from 

 10 — 150/1. They are very numerous and as a rule can be easily 

 found and are usually branched to a certain extent. They are 

 found in the mesocarp, or the layers of cells directly underneath 



Figure 42 

 Fig. 42. Anise. (1) Warty haii's from epidermis, and (2) oil ducts. 



the surface layer. The odor of anise is a great help in its diag- 

 nosis. 



BLOOD ROOT. 



{Sangidnaria canadensis.) 



This drug is occasionally found in condimentals and is usually 

 in powdered condition, but unless present in a reasonable quantity 

 is extremely hard to identify. It has no odor practically, but the 

 taste is striking, being very bitter and acrid. The powder is of 

 a reddish color on account of the number of reddish pigment cells 

 it contains. None of the cells contain calcium oxalate crystals, 



