44 



GENESEE FARf^IER. 



KIar. 1845 



William Gakbutt, of Wheatland, to -whom the 

 Committee award the credit of being- the only farm- 

 er accountant, that they visit ;d, who kCi-t liis ac- 

 counts of prolit and loss on every crop on his farm, 

 and the produce and cost per acre, and tbe general 

 result for t^ome 2ft years past. For a description of 

 his farm, and his tVotem of farming, they propose to 

 let him tell his o-wn story : 



To the Viewing Committee of the Monroe Agricultural 



Society. 



* * * * 



But to my own busine>s : My farm consists ef 200- acres 

 of (harerl ai'ouiul ; but the mill-puiid overflows 10 aire.*. 

 which is of litilo value except for pastwe in autumn and 

 dry seasons, and 6 ;icr.'.s iire occupied with roods and yjrds; 

 which leaves 13-1 fir cultivation. I geneiul'.y calculate, 

 when ciicumslances will adnnt, to have 45 acies in wheat. 

 1-3 in barley arid oats, 15 in hoed cru'^s, 40 in pnsture, 40 

 for hay and clover-seed, and 30 in fallow. The g:round in- 

 tended for the hoed crop is always in clover, if practicable, 

 highly manured with rotted manure, and plowed ander in 

 the fall. The barley stnbble i-s twice plowed, receives a 

 lighl dressing of manure, and is sowed with wheat; so 

 that about twc-tit'tlis of n'.y wheat crop are raised after 

 summer CK0p<, the rennainder after fallow (viz., clover pas- 

 ture;) the whole of the wheat always seeded with cloven 

 and timothy. I aiiniMlly sow from lO' to 12" tons of plas- 

 ter, and the two seasons past have put 4 tons, each year, or 

 my manure in the yards. My cereral average stock has 

 been 300 sheep, 30 hogs, 15 head of cattle, and 8 horses ; 

 keep three good teams, and a span of nwres for breeding, 

 and oflds-und-ends. 



I stable or yard all my stock in winter, and make »11 my 

 forage into manure. 1 keep the stock in the yanls i:i the 

 spring as long as I conveniently can, seldom turning sheep 

 out before the Ist of May, cattle the 10th, and teim not 

 untill >pving work is done. My inrst pasture is my fallow ; 

 second, clover, which is intended f jr hay and seed. 



The cattle are wintered on corn-stalks-, straw, and roots; 

 fiheep on chaft", straw, and shorts, nf which {feed ajinualiy 

 from 1,000 to 2.000 Imsliels. I always endeavor to f.-e<J 

 as well as I can, with ths fodder I have — not to pampernor 

 waste. 



The amount sidd from the products of the farm, from 

 1330 to 1340, was great, averaging from $2,200 t.. $3,200 

 per annum, independent of our farn^ living — it being only 

 the am iunt .-old. Tiie expenses during tlie same period, 

 including every expe.ise belonging- to tfaj firm exci'pting 

 those of my own and Mrs. G.'s Inbor, of which v»'e make 

 no account, was from $l,2!)0 to ^1,600 per annum. The 

 crop of 13-10 am.vmred to $1,318 7G; expenses. $}.2<)G 

 15; 1311, $1,802 44, expenses $1,244 23, 18^2, $1,578 

 02, expenses $1,204 ; 1343, $1,039 &3, expenses 61,219 

 10. 1 can give aU particulars ridntive to these amounts, 

 but this communication is already too long. "She plaster 

 and tnJH-feed increa>es the amount both in the expenses and 

 income. 



Owing to the failure o( my clover, I have the present 

 season more acres in wheat, more in fallow, less in hoed 

 crops, less in grasi, and fewer sheep than usual — viz., 57 

 acres in wheat, 43 in fillow. 10 in barley, 10 in hoed crops, 

 of which 2 are in potatoes, 3 roots, and 5 corn ; and 8 

 in oats. 



.Stock, 10 horses, 26 cattle, 24 hoffs. 190 old sheep, and 

 60 lambs. J'resent season, 4 men by the year from the 

 middle of .Tuly ; une more for tiio si'ason ; 3 one mor th in 

 hay and harvest, and one bv the day through wheat-cntiing. 



And I would fuitiici stale, that the great diirerence in my 

 vdient crop per acre, ii the various V"ars, was morn owing 

 to the seasons thin tn tho cuitivatinn, or the condition of 

 the Innd to pro luce a cr.ip. The cnips nf 1833-4-5 wer - 

 very heivy. yet the grnn d wa^ not in anv better condition 

 than it was in 13.JG and 1337. when th crons were lig'it ; 

 and tlie -ame may lie siiH nf 1341 and l.-J-i2 'fhe cni| 

 of 1842 was the liahtesi I fverhnd, b -in',' (Uilv 19 bu-"he's 

 p r acre, owiriff t') th- ru-it; fir if it hi.d not rusted, it 

 won (1 bavi- bi'on 30 bnsliels per acre. 



Yours mo.t respectful y, \V1LL:;.M G.XRDUTT 



Jonx Ayrault, Perinton. This farm is of a 

 natural soil for a grazing establishment, and is bet- 

 ter adapted to gr3.i8 than for grain crops. It con- 

 tains 300 acres, 250 of which are improved. The 

 soil is a clayey loam; with some parts rather wet, but 

 reclaimed by extensive under-draining. Usually has 

 under the plow from 20 to 30 acres : the balance 

 in pasture and meadow,- which produces on an aver- 

 age 2 tons of hay to the acre ; composts his ma- 

 nure, and applies it a.g a top-dres.-ing to his meadows; 

 as also his stravx^, as it comes fron> the barn, and 

 with great advantage — 'Cuts from (iO to 65 acres of 

 hay, arrJ keeps his meadows lying- in grass as long 

 as they produce Vi'eil,-witkout any rotation—- mowa 

 off the tops of the leaves of the oats in June, to 

 make them start out, and to assist the yoving clover 

 — has some superior stone wall, and aH hia fences are 

 first-rate, mostly of white cedar, high, strong, and 

 secure. Dwelling-house, barn, and out-houses ex- 

 cellent ; garden neat, and laid out with taste ; fruit- 

 ery well-stocked with the best varieties ; stock, 105^ 

 neat cattle, a part spayed heifers, and 10 calves ; 

 buys most of his stock at two years old ; 6 yokes 

 of working oxen, 50 sheep ; sells hia fat cattle for 

 the Eastern mark<?t, wdien three and four years old, at 

 prices ranging- from $25 to $30, Takeit altogether, 

 It is a fine specimen of a v/ell-conducted grazing 

 farm, — Third prcHiium of ^6 and Volume of Trans- 

 actions. 



RoMANTA Hart, of ifeighton. This farm con- 

 tains 226 acres, 200 of which are under improve- 

 ment, with a great variety of soil?, froHv heavy clay 

 to light openings — not naturally rich-, but greatly 

 improved by skilful culture and good management 

 — about 70 acres in wheat, of three varieties, Flint, 

 Hutchinson, and Soules — with 8 acres of very su- 

 perior-looking Italian spring wheat — has a lime-kiln 

 on his farn>, and is maldng extensive experiments 

 with it, on- various crops and soils — is not prepared, 

 as yet, to state tbe result — one field limed with 

 60 bushels per acre — wheat, heavy and lodged, 

 yielded over 30 bushck per acre— one field not as 

 clean as desirable, some chess and other foul growth 

 — '12 acres of corn and potatoes, very fine — 40 acres 

 of grass, a great part of which is clearr, heavy tim- 

 othy, a part intended for market — .has 70 sheep, [not 

 enough,] and but few neat cattle, and horses for 

 farm use — an excellent arnl well-arranged dwelling- 

 house and garden ; barns, outhouses, and fixtures 

 good. The owner does things al>out right, and can- 

 not fail of reaHzing all reasonable expectations.— 

 Fourth premium of $4 and Vol. of Transactions.. 



John McGoxegal, Irondequoit. Fifth premiunx 

 of $2 and Volume of Transactions. 



The Committee will close this Report with 



an expression of their gratitude for the kindness, 



good feeling, freedom, and bo.spitality with which 



they were in all cases received by the farmers, and 



their tidy, economical, and pleasant helpmates, as 



well as by their hardy sens and blooming daughters: 



and they feel to regret that they either have not the 



honor of holding an appointment on this Committee 



for life : or were not all bachelor.?, that they might 



have a chance fir a life est.nte, real and personal, 



among the fair dwellers in these rural habitations. 



L. B. LANG WORTHY, >. 



R. HARMON, .Tr., f 



WM. C. CORNEIX, V Committee. 



M. E. FATEHAM, ^ 



N. HAYWARD, ^ 



