Vol. C. 



GENESEE FARMER. 



U5 



acre of well drained, well pulverised soil sown in 

 wheat, scatter broad cast with a shovel, ten bushels 

 of unleached ashes, five of lime — (ten will be better 

 if not too expensive) two and a half of gypsum and 

 an equal quantity of common salt. If possible, the 

 ground should be entirely free from the seeds of 

 weeds, that nothing but clean wheat plants may 

 grow. The above compound will serve to make 

 bright flinty straw, so little subject, as every observ- 

 ing man knows, to be attacked by rust. Deep 

 plowing, thorough harrowing and early sowing, 

 constitute prominent features in the practice of those 

 wheat growers, whom the editor has lately visited, 

 because of their notable success in this branch of 

 husbandry. In Scipio and the adjoining towns in 

 Cayuga County, the good efftcts of underdraining 

 wheat fields, have been most signal this season. Du- 

 ring the last four weeks we have collected many in- 

 teresting facts^ relating to rust, smut, &tc. in con- 

 nection with shale, sand stone, clayey and muck 

 soils. These will be embodied in our oflicial report to 

 the N. Y. State Agricultural Society. 



Any gentleman that has made or shall make any 

 discoveries relating to insects injurious to wheat, po- 

 tatoes, apple, pear or peach trees, — relating to the 

 blight which is now injuring, if not destroying so 

 many quince trees as well as others, will confer an 

 especial favor by communicating an account of the 

 same to the Corresponding Secretary of the State 

 Society, for publication in the current volume of its 

 transactions, or to be made public through some 

 other medium. 



The study of Entomology — the science of insects 

 — is becoming every year more and more important 

 to the practical farmers of this State. The popular 

 work of Harris should be in the family library of ev- 

 ery cultivator of the soil. Let every young man 

 that reads this article, begin at once the systematic 

 study of his noble profession, if he designs to be a 

 skilful and successful farmer. Let him unite knowl- 

 edge with labor — science with practice, — and the 

 great Fountain of all knowledge will reward him a 

 thousand fold for his well directed effort?. 



CROPS. 



Wheat in Western New York will turn out some- 

 thing less than an average crop. The weevil has got 

 as far west as Onondaga county. We heard no com- 

 plaint of this insect in Cayuga, although it may be 

 there. The rust has done more injury in this part of 

 the State to the wheat crop than any other cause. 



Corn every where promises more than an average 

 yield . The late warm, or rather hot weather, has 

 brought it forward with great rapidity. Sixty days 

 without frost will bring this crop to full maturity. 



Oats are generally good. There is not quite the 

 usual amount of land sown in this grain. 



Barley will turn out more than an average crop. 

 The acres sown are more than usual, and the yield 

 is large. In Cayuga, Onondaga and Oneida coun- 

 ties, the farmers will be able to make their pork 

 mainly on barley. 



Grass is everywhere very light. This fact, and 

 the prospect of a short crop of potatoes, will make 

 corn, oats, barley and peas in good demand. 



Mr. James V. Dewitt is our authorized Agent 

 for the Farmer. He will, during the fall, visit dif- 

 ferent portions of Western New York and Canada. 



E. W. Spaulding of Buffalo, ia no longer Agent 

 for the Farmer. 



Nfav-Lisbon, O., July 18, 1846. 



Mr. Editor, — The May number of the " Faimer" 

 containing Dr. Lee's Report on Agriculture to the 

 New York Legislature, did not come to hand. I val- 

 ue it on account of the said lleport, and want you 

 to send me a copy of that number, to complete the 

 volume. 



Permit me to say to Dr. Lee, that I am glad there 

 is one individual who is capable and willing to dis- 

 close some facts in relation to the state of society, 

 which the favored few would rather keep concealed. 

 I hope the " Farmer " will continue to discuss the 

 rights of labor. They are not sufficiently under- 

 stood. Well-directed labor creates all that is called 

 wealth ; consequently, if wealth is desirable, labor 

 ought to have its share. He in fact supports socie- 

 ty — he pays the taxes for the support of government. 

 He demands not only an Agricultural Education, but 

 an education equal to the wants of his nature, calcu- 

 lated to develop all his energies and virtues, that he 

 may maintain that equality among his fellow-mea 

 which is the birthright of his being. He then does 

 protest against the appropriation of public money to 

 any grade of schools which is not free for all — the 

 poor as well as the rich — as an act of flagrant injus- 

 tice. Let the common school system be so amended 

 and perfected as to meet the wants of all — the law- 

 yer, doctor, merchant, farmer, mechanic, and day- 

 laborer. Yours with regard, 



SAMUEL MYERS. 



Remarks. — The above was probably not written 

 for publication. But as it embodies in few words 

 what we regard as public sentiment in relation to 

 the " rights of labor, and the rights of humanity," 

 we give it to our readers, as a sample of many let- 

 ters received by the editor from unknown persons. 



Let every laboring man rejoice, for the day is at 

 hand when our common schools will impart to the 

 children of all classes that full mental developement 

 which will enable them to produce a plenty of all the 

 necessaries and comforts of civilized life; and to keep 

 and enjoy in some form, the entire fruits of their bet- 

 ter directed industry. When every man shall be al- 

 lowed to consume, or retain for the benefit of him- 

 self and family, a sum equal to all that he earns, and 

 shall have an opportunity to work at all times to the 

 best advantage, poverty, crime, and suffering will 

 be nearly banished from a happy, prosperous people. 



The great science of keeping the products of our 

 daily labor, or of commanding a fair equivalent, in 

 exchange for the labor of others, cannot long be ex- 

 cluded from the common school instruction of young 

 men and women. A good education implies a knowl- 

 edge not only how to create wealth, but how to re- 

 tain it, so that no man shall have more nor less than 

 hia mental or physical powers call into existence.— 

 Even handed justice forbids alike both the open and 

 the covert robbery of any human being. No on© 

 will have too much, when he has only what he pro- 

 duces over and above his consumption. No one need 

 have too little, when he can work at all times to 

 good advantage, and be allowed to keep all that he 

 produces beyond the daily wants of his hunger, na- 

 kedness, and sleep. Honest productive industry, will 

 rise in value and respectability 100 per cent at once, 

 if our laws will only secure to every pair of work- 

 ing hands and to the mind that directs them, the full 

 enjoyment of a sum just equal to their productive ef- 

 forts in society. Knowledge, virtue and industry 

 would then have all the wealth in the State ; while 



