102 



GENESEE FARMER. 



Nov. 1845 



In England, agricultural labor is robbed of about 

 one half of its earnings. In this State the man that 

 produces ten bushels of wheat, corn or potatoes, 

 find.ng every thing but the earth which God created, 

 can usually retain, for the support of himself and 

 family, Kcvcn bushels. 



In Illinois and Wisconsin he can keep for his own 

 vee and benefit nine tenths of his crops. If be was 

 allowed to do this in New York, or in England, who 

 would not prefer to till the soil where he was born, 

 and surrounded with all the blessings of kindred and 

 civilization, to emigrating to any new country or 

 foreign land ? 



Capital can take about one tenth of an industrious 

 and very fnigal family, and they will bear the priva- 

 tion without murmuring. But when it exacts thir- 

 ty per-cent, the natural and abiding wants of a hu- 

 man being are forced to rebel against the demand. 

 If the cultivators of British soil had only to pay 

 tithes, and could retain nine-tenths of all that their 

 labor produces, very few of their numbers would hve 

 on barley gruel, emigrate, or go supperless to bed. 



We have not yet stated the causes now at work, 

 which will ultimately check emigration from New 

 York to the new States, and territories. It is the 

 great, amount of capital in the civilized world, which 

 will soon monopolize all the vacant lands on this 

 continent adapted to agricultural purposes. 



Few are aware of the deep anxiety of nearly all 

 men in all ci\ilized nations to obtain a parchment ti- 

 tle to a large surface of tillable land. It has ever 

 been the master passion of the American people ; 

 It is the besetting sin of all, rich or poor, emigrants 

 from abroad. And why 1 



Because it is the most convenient means of rob- 

 bing other men of a portion of their productive en- 

 ergies that the wit of man has ever devised. 



The rapid enlargement of farms in this State is 

 only a sample of what is in progress in the new 

 States, on a much more extended scale. 



The following statement -taken from a late Eng- 

 lish paper, illustrates the principle and the growing 

 evil, to which we desire to call the public atten- 

 tion : 



" The Soil of Scotland now belongs to little more 

 than 3000 great proprietors— as many as might con- 

 veniently assemble in the West Kirk of Edinburgh, 

 or the City Hall of Glasgow. One third of the 

 whole lands of the country, were supposed to be 

 under strict entail, in the days of Adam Smith ; and 

 more recently all the ancient proprietors of a whole 

 county, (with one exception,) have been bought out 

 by one noble family ; and by another, sixty or sev- 

 enty small estates have been purchased during the 

 minority of the heir. 



The soil of England, which in 1815, was in the 

 hands of about 30,000 proprietors, had been in the 

 hands of about eii^ht times thut number only forty 

 years before. In other words, the proprietors of 

 "Eno-land were reduced from 240,900 as they were 

 in f765, to about 30.000 ; all in the course of forty 

 years, or a little more than a single generation ; and 

 there is every reason to believe that the process 

 has been going on with equal rapidity from 1815 to 

 the present day." 



This evil, like many others, will eventually cure 

 itself. It will be overruled by a just Providence for 

 the common good of this whole human family. It 

 is a law of Nature that the poor shall multiply faster 

 than the rich. The same majority which will have 

 the physical power, will al»o have the intellectual 



power to keep and enjoy all the good things or a 

 fair equivalent, that their hands and their heads shall 

 give to the world . 



Then they will be as well off in Europe and in 

 this State, as their Creator designed they should be. 

 Man will see a practical illustration of the truth of 

 the remark, that our Maker has created the elements 

 of the human food and clothing, in infinitely greater 

 abundance than his rational creatures have the pow- 

 er to increase and consume. 



Our insane love of money will, perhaps, be the 

 last passion to yield obedience to Common Skkse. 

 But yield it must, for every body cannot become rich 

 nor happy by robbing every body. Humanity has 

 rights which we trust soon will be respected in the 

 State of New York. When this principle is fully 

 recognized, then New-York will become the best 

 State in the Union to emigrate to, rather than a fine 

 country as it now is, to emigrate from. Secure to 

 every human being in the Empire State, his natural 

 and inalienable birth right, to work at all times to a 

 good advantage, and to keep all that his honest toil 

 shall produce, and you will soon have more industry, 

 more intelligence, more virtue, more wealth, and 

 more people in New-York, than can be found on any 

 other equal territory on this planet. 



COLMAN'S EUROPEAN AGRICULTURE. 



The fourth number of this work has come to hand. 

 It is an improvement on those which have preceded 

 it. It is devoted to the discussion of " Agriculture 

 a Commercial Pursuit ;" " Fairs ;" " Markets ;" 

 " Corn Duties ;" " Mode of Adjusting Labor and 

 Wages ;" and contains some valuable information 

 of a practical character, relating to the cultivation 

 of garden vegetables, fruits, &,c. 



Sir. C. has been a little excited by the remarks 

 of critics, which appear to have roused him, per- 

 haps unconsciously, to a more vigorous effort. He 

 describes very graphically, what he has seen ; and 

 his heart and pen are always on the side of human- 

 ity. 



It is for this reason that his work will, when 

 completed, be popular among the masses of the hu- 

 man family. The author enters with becoming feel- 

 ing, into all the evils and injuries that afflict the la- 

 boring people of Great Britian. For this service he 

 deserves the gratitude of all that work for a hving in 

 this country. For the fact cannot be denied that 

 we are manufacturing paupers at home, as well as 

 importing them from abroad, at a fearful rate. An 

 ounce of preventive is better, in this complaint as 

 well as others, than a pound of cures. 



Mr. James H. Watts of this city is agent for the 

 Work. 



Ohio Cultivator. — It gives us great pleasure to 

 see by the Ohio Cultivator, that our friend Bateham 

 is meeting with that success in his new enterprise 

 in the Buckeye State which he so highly merits. — 

 The Cincinnatians, ever discerning as they are lib- 

 eral, are subscribing by hundreds for this agricultu- 

 ral journal. The Mechanics and Business Men of 

 Ohio see at a glance how deeply they are interested 

 in the prosperity of the Farmer. 



Indian Corn. — We predict that within six months, 

 the whole duty on Indian Corn from this country 

 will be removed by the British Parliament ; and the 

 toll on corn from Western New York, passing thro' 

 the Erie Canal, will be reduced 50 per cent. 



