Vol. VII. 



ROCHESTER, N. Y., JULY, 1846. 



No. 7. 



THE GENESEE FARMER: 



Issued the first of each month, at Rocliesfer, N. Y., by 



D. D. T. MOORE, PROPRIETOR. 



DANIEL LEE, EDITOR. 



p. BARRY, Conductor of the Horticultural Department. 



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Agricultural Report for June. 



June is a very important month to the hus- 

 bandman. That of 1846 has been very favora- 

 ble to the growtli of all cultivated plants. Crops 

 have suffei'ed more from insects, than any other 

 injury. The weather last fall, and this spring, 

 has been extremely propitious to the multiplica- 

 tion of those minute depredators which most 

 annoy the agriculturist. Peaches, plums, and 

 cherries have suffered very severely — while ap- 

 ple, pear, and other fruit trees have not wholly 

 escaped. Cucumber, pumpkin, and melon vines 

 have been wholly destroyed on many farms, and 

 on all more or less injured. We have tried ash- 



timothy, and other grasses. These should be cut 

 for hay ^\■hen in lull blossom. The reason is 

 that, at such period of their existence, the stems, 

 leaves, and heads of these plants contain the 

 most sugar, or sacharine matter, with which to 

 nourJsli and elaborate their seeds. After a plant 

 has ripened its seed, whether it be clover, timo- 

 thy, corn, or beet, its leaves and stems are com- 

 paratively worthless as food for domestic animals. 

 In transforming the honey in a clover head while 

 in blossom into seed, there is a waste of nutri- 

 tious matter, by the formation of carbonic acid at 

 the expense of the honey which is given off from 

 the surface of the petals. It is by the consump- 

 tion of carbon that heat is generated in the mat- 

 ter that forms infant seeds. Grass should not be 

 cut till it gets its growth and is about to form 

 seed, for the reason that its sacharine matter is 

 small before that period. 



In applying a mixture of strong hard-wood ash- 

 es and salt to the hills of corn, care should be 

 taken not to dust the leaves. We have seriously 

 injured several rows by allowing caustic ashes to 

 fall on the leaves of corn. M^e mix two parts of 

 ashes to one of salt, and spread around the stems 

 on each hill about a heaping table spoonful at 

 the first hoeing. If our soil did not abound in 

 gypsum and lime, we should add both to our ash- 

 es and salt before their application. 



Wheat, according to present appearances, will 

 be about an avei'age crop. It would have been 

 unusually large, had not the Hessian fly been 



es, salt, soap suds, decoction of tobacco, and kill 



ing bugs with the fingers, for the protection of' more abundant and destructive than common. — 



vines. The latter process we find the most ef-j The writer has counted thirty-eight of the 



fectual, 



A large brown grub has been very destructive 

 on corn and beans in this neighborhood, cutting 

 off the stems just below the surface of the ground. 

 The small wire-worm has not been absent, nor 

 idle, in its labor of mischief. Notwithstanding 

 the sad depredations of insects, most spring crops 

 are quite promising. Corn, peas, barley, oats, 

 and potatoes, where unmolested, are forward, and 

 most luxurient. A number of warm showers 

 has served to furnish a larger growth of clover, 



young of this insect in a single stem of wheat, 

 and many that contained from ten to twenty larvce. 

 Taking Western New York together, the loss 

 from the fly alone will doubtless be at least 500,- 

 000 bushels. In the "Farmer's Dictionary" (a 

 work recently published by the Harpers,) it is 

 recommended "to seed early" as a preventive 

 against injury from the wheat fly. This certain- 

 ly is bad advice, so far as this latitude is con- 

 cerned. All wheat growers in Wheatland con- 

 cur in saying that early sown wheat has suffered 



