100 



THREE CRUISES OF THE " BLAKE." 



deep-water spatangoids is Hemiaster (Figs. 369, 370), a small 

 globular genus representing the earlier forms of spatangoids 



Fig. 369. Hemiaster zonatus. \. Fig. 370. Hemiaster expergitus. |. (Lov^n.) 



characterized by a simple fasciole. Others belonging to the dis- 

 tinctly cretaceous family of Ananchytidae are the huge violet or 



Fig. 371. Paleopneustes hystrix. 



deep claret-colored l Paleopneustes, characterized by their emi- 

 nently spatangoid mouth, by 

 their simple ambulacral system 

 and somewhat clypeastroid or 

 even echinidal spines, as in 

 Paleopneustes hystrix (Fig. 

 371), in which the spines re- 

 semble more those of a true 



Fig. 372. Palseotropus Josephinae. I . -^ -, . . -, . 1 



Echinus than a spatangoid. 



Other typical modern Ananchytidse are the West Indian Palaeo- 

 brissus and Palseotropus. (Fig. 372.) 



1 The colors of the deep-sea echini alcohol in which they were placed. The 

 and other echinoderms seem to be spe- color of the littoral or shallow-water spe- 

 cially fugitive, and greatly discolored the cies is far more permanent. 



