TILE DBA IN AGE. SI 



or twine-binder. If any one who owns one will dig for you 

 by the rod and board himself, and furnish hand work to han- 

 dle the bowlders that he strikes, and do it cheaper, really, than 

 yon can do the work yourself in winter when you would not 

 be earning much otherwise why, then hire him on a clearly 

 understood contract. 



THE HAND TOOLS. 



First, there is the ditching-spade, for lifting the top course 

 below the furrow. It is shown at the extreme right of Fig. 

 20, rear end of stoneboat, and in Fig. 20|, No. 7. The blade 

 is 16x6 inches, square bottom, blade thin, light, and sharp, 

 but curved cylindrically to strengthen it. It must be thin 

 to cut well and sharpen itself ; and liyht, to save lifting 

 unnecessary weight with every spadeful. The handle is 

 slightly bent, and lias a T cross at the top. The kind I use 

 are marked u Patent Ditching-spade, Antrim 2,"' and weigh 

 4 Ibs. '2 o/. I bought m ne of the George Worthington Co., 

 Cleveland, (). 



Second, the bolto-titing-xpadt', light and sharp, and curved 

 like the other, 16x4 inches, but with cutting edge rounding, 

 so as to leave a hollow groove a little over four inches wide 

 in the bottom of the ditch for the tiles to lie in. This spade 

 is seen in Fig. 20, next to the one first .described, at the ex- 

 treme right, and also in Fig. 204-, No. 6. 



Third, the scoop for cleaning out the crumbs of eaith left by 

 the spade in the bottom of the tii>.t course. The blade is 

 Mat, and curved slightly, lengthwise (that is, across its 

 length), so as to save friction in shoving it under the loose 

 earth. It has a long handle, set at such an angle that the 

 workman's back need not be much bent in using it. It is 

 seen near the right of Fig. 20, its blade lying flat on the 

 stoneboat, and its handle slanting up behind the handles of 

 the two spades, ar.d also in Fig. 20i, No. 4. 



Fourth, the b( Wviing-scoc.p. This is shown in Tig. 20, a little 

 to the left of the other, and in the same position, and in Fig. 

 L'04, No. 1. It is a a double-ender,"' made of a half-cylinder of 



