86 TILE DRAINAGE. 



in laying the main, and stop up the end of the lateral with a 

 wad of straw until we began on each again. But with joints 

 for laterals ready made, the first way is much the easiest. 

 In either way the lateral furrow should be dammed up and 

 the water turned off a few feet above where the lateral 

 enters the main, so that surface-water will not flood down 

 the furrow and wash out or choke up the main before the 

 lateral is laid. 



THE DIGGING. 



" Any fool can dig V" No, it takes skill, won only by 

 thought and practice, to dig rapidly and well, and not make 

 hard work of it. I have had many men stronger than I, and 

 with more power of endurance ; but only one, I think, who 

 could dig more rods of ditch in a day than I, and leave a 

 true grade in the bottom. He was an expert ditcher who 

 had followed the work as a business for years, and had 

 splendid muscle, great endurance, and a true eye and hand. 



DON'T BURY THE SPADE. 



The first point in rapid, e isy ditching, is to keep one side- 

 edge of the spade out of the earth, in sight, each spadeful. 

 Fig. 21 shows how a non-expert will bury both edges of the 

 spade at gh, ij, kl, mn, and have harder work thereby, both 

 in sinking the spade and in breaking off the slice of earth. 



Fig. 22. Expert dig-g'ing-. See 

 printed page herewith. 



Fig. y l. -Non-exp 

 See printed page herewith. 



