TILE DRAINAGE. Ill 



5. All aquatic trees near the line of the drain should be killed 

 before the drain is laid. They are a pest. 



And I notice that English writers on drainage have been led by 

 similar experience and observation to similar conclusions. 



W. I. CHAMBERLAIN. 



On the above I now (1891) remark, that, where water from 

 a spring or springy place is to be conveyed through soil that is 

 dry or likely to be so in summer, I would convey it in hard 

 tiles with cemented joints, and drain the land locally in the 

 ordinary way. As to the desire of roots to enter drains in 

 common clayey soil, I may say that I have lately dug down 

 to my drains in an apple -orchard set 21 years ago, with trees 

 38 feet apart, and whose roots long since met and passed 

 each other, and wl lose branches have nearly met ; and the 

 drains are wholly free from any obstruction by roots. 



But slop-drains, bath-room, water-closet, and sink-drains 

 from the house, which are constantly damp and often flushed, 

 and which often run past or near evergreens and various 

 sorts of shrubbery around the house, such drains should be 

 of glazed sewer-pipe, socket joints, laid in water-lime ce- 

 ment, or the roots, especially ^of evergreens and aquatic 

 trees, will obstruct them. 



DRAINAGE BY STEAM- PUMPING. 



( 1 has. S. Killmer, Arenac, Mich., writes : 



There are immense tracts of low-lying lands bordering 

 inland lakes which I believe maybe reclaimed by artificial 

 means, viz , steam-pumps or wind-engines. I understand 

 the question has been favorably decided in several instances 

 near Bay City, Mich., and would refer you to the Wilson 

 Hoop Co., West Bay City, Mich., for information. They 

 have, I hear, a large tract of land successfully drained by 

 this process It seems to me that, in view of records in Hol- 

 land and other countries, our leading men have strangely 

 neglected a very important matter ; and while our thickly 

 populated States are breeding miasma from their countless 

 marshes, our statesmen (!) are asking for millions to develop 

 the desert regions by irrigation for the benefit of railroad 

 corporations. 



I give this suggestive letter nearly entire, so that any who 



