146 TILE DRAINAGE. 



INDEX. 



Air-spaces in soil 9, 10, 22 



Attraction, capillary 8, 10 



A rtesian wells 12 



Agriculture, development of among- men 51, 2, 53 



supports a greater population than grazing 53, 54, 55 



Belgium, population to the square mile 53 



Boning-rods, or sighting-stakes 92, 93 



Catch-basin . 102 



Country Gentleman, quotations from 6, 96, 118, 112, 117, 118 



Capillary attraction in soil, sponges, etc 8, 9, 22, 23 



* water 10 



Cook. Prof. A. J 1 



Camp, H. B 110 



Clover saved from winter-killing by tile drainage 22 



Drainage tiles superseding other material 1 



a progressive science 1 



down through the soil, why better than off from it... . 13, 14, 15 



41 aids in pulverizing it 21 



" prevents winter-killing 22, 23 



diminishes the effects of drouth 25 



(sometimes) diminishes the suddenness and violence of floods 26 



improves the health of a region 27, 135 



author's first experiment in cobble drainage 29 



tile " 29,30 



effects of on orchard trees 3138 



wheat 38, 39 



clover ... 39-41 



value of manures and fertilizers 43 



permanence of timothy seeding and on weeds. 46 



barn room 47, 48 



tools for (see Tools) 7881 



of bogs ] 03, 104 



by steam pumping instead of gravity outlet Ill, 112 



cost of estimates 117119 



Drains (tile), location and direction of mains 63 



laterals 64 



straight down the slope or not 64 70 



dead-furrows in connection therewith ? 68 



rapidity of absorption and nitration by soil into .70, 71 



when to lay them (the question of affording them) 71, 72 



44 " (best season of the year) 72, 73, 74 



construction of the tiles, material, shape, hardness, etc 74 



porosity of tiles; transmission of water 7476 



weight of tiles. . . 77 



beginning the digging (where?) method of digging 85 



establishing close grades 92, 93, 106 



cutting the groove and laying- the tiles 94 



protecting the outlets 96 



depth of 108, 117, 119,135 



distance apart 117, 120 



without open outlets 104 



roots in 108, 109 



