49 



MAY. 

 PLANTS. 



I. Leaves. 



1. Form. 



(a) Simple parallel and netted veined; lily, geranium. 



(b) Compound palmately and pinnately; horse-chestnut and 



walnut. 



2. Arrangement opposite and alternate. 



3. Adaptation. 



(a) Light turning edges or upper surface to sun. 



(b) Heat folding to prevent radiation; development of hairs.' 



(c) Moisture surface for absorbing, as thistle; shedding, as mul- 



lein. 



(d) Rain shedding from plant axis, as horse-chestnut, to be ab 



sorbed by tips of roots; shedding toward plant axis violet, 

 mullein, burdock, plantain, turnip. Upper surface of leaves 

 channelled, leaves folded in cups, petiole grooved, leading 

 to tap root. 



4. Modification. 



(a) Support, tendrils, entire leaf, as grape; part of leaf as sweel 



pea ; petioles of leaves as clematis. 



(b) Food pitchers of pitcher plants ; viscous tentacles of drosera 



or sundew; trap of Venus-fly. 



(c) Reproduction. 



(1) Evergreens scales of cones and calkins. 



(2) Flowers calyx, carolla, stamens and pistils. 



(d) Storehouse .for food cabbage, house leek, century-plant. 



ANIMALS. 



Social Communities of Ants. 



(a) Colony males, females, or queens and workers. Males and 



females winged and workers wingless. 



(b) Eggs very small, not easily seen. 



(c) Larvae white and legless. 



(d) Pupae some enclosed in oblong, egg-shaped cocoons; others 



naked. Look out for nest s ; in decayed stumps covered with 

 moss, under stones, in sand, and in the woods. Contrast 

 life conditions. Observe black ants on trees and shrubs. 

 What is their association with aphids or plant lice. 

 Construct an ant nest for observation. 



