24 DARWINISM TO-DAY. 



theory of evolution rescues religion from Pantheism, and puts it on a 

 Theistic basis. "It is true, as Pantheists urge, that their only experi- 

 ence of mind is in connection with matter, but so far as we know 

 mind is connected only with one kind of matter called protoplasm, 

 which cannot possibly exist throughout the universe. Consequently 

 mind must either be absent in large portions of matter or it must 

 be associated with that matter in some way which quite transcends 

 their experience. So that we have no more experience of mind 

 universally distributed through matter than we have of mind dis- 

 tinct from matter. And the argument for Pantheism breaks down." 

 See also Le Conte, Jos., "Evolution, its Nature, its Evidences and 

 its Relation to Religious Thought," 1891. 



6 Of course many books and papers concerning the relation of 

 biology to philosophy have been written. A good introduction to 



Discussions of t -' ie su ^ ect ^ s Eugen Dreher's "Der Darwinismus und 

 relation of biol- seine Stellung in der Philosophic," 1877; see also Ver- 

 ogy and philoso- worn, Max, "Naturwissenschaft und Weltanschauung," 

 P^y- 1904; also Adickes, Erich, "Kant contra Haeckel," 



1901 ; also Emil du Bois-Reymond's "Uber die Grenzen des Naturer- 

 kennens," and "Die Sieben Weltrathsel" ; also Haeckel's "Die Welt- 

 rathsel" (trans, in English as "The Riddle of the Universe") ; see 

 also Schurman, J. G., "The Ethical Import of Darwinism," 1888; 

 also Huxley, "Evolution and Ethics and Other Essays," 1894; see 

 also Reinke, J., "Einleitung in die Theoretische Biologic," 1901. 

 The author sets out in this book the philosophic notions of Hart- 

 mann. Lotze, Wundt, Miiller and others concerning the principles 

 and laws of biology, and does this definitely enough to make his 

 book a pretty good compend of philosophico-biology. 



7 See* Herbert Spencer's "Principles of Sociology"; also Lester 

 Ward's "Biological Sociology"; also Benjamin Kidd's "Social Evo- 



lution"; also Curt Michaelis, "Prinzipien der natiir- 

 sociology. lichen und sozialen Entwicklungsgeschichte des Men- 



schen," 1904; also "Darwinismus und Sozialvvissen- 

 schaft," 1903; see also Schallmeyer, W., "Vererbung und Auslese 

 in Lebenslauf der Volker," 1903. 



* The books and papers referred to in notes 5, 6, and 7 are simply 

 certain ones that have particularly interested the author. The lists 

 of references make not the slightest pretence to guide the general 

 reader interested in these special subjects. 



