302 AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS 



to exhausting crops, and the larger profit of the one year is 

 obtained at the expense of the profits of future years. 



By proper regulations with respect to the proportion of the 

 land which shall be devoted to certain crops, this difficulty 

 can be more or less successfully overcome, but such regulations 

 are always annoying to the tenants. The granting of a lease 

 for several years is thought by many to be all that is necessary 

 to meet the difficulties arising from the short-sightedness of 

 the tenants, but many landlords object to making a contract 

 for a period of any great length. With all the difficulties which 

 may beset this system, cash tenancy is preferable to share 

 tenancy whenever the management of the farm is to be left 

 almost entirely to the tenant, and where agriculture is extensive 

 and the use of commercial fertilizers is unknown the letting of 

 land for cash is a fairly successful method. 



Where intensive culture and the use of commercial fertilizer 

 have become necessary the tenant problem takes on a more acute 

 form. If we would study to advantage the problems which 

 arise under these conditions, we must turn our attention to an 

 older country than our own, where the tenant problem has been 

 a more serious one, and whence we may learn from the experience 

 of others the remedies which are fast becoming necessary to 

 good relations between landlords and tenants in this country. 



The experience of England shows that the compensation for 

 unexhausted improvements is more successful than long leases 

 as a means of solving the problem of good farming by cash tenants. 

 This system will be considered in detail in a later chapter. 



Where land is let for cash rental the management of the 

 farm falls definitely to the tenant. For this reason there is 

 believed to be more occasion for restrictions in cash leases than 

 in share contracts where the landlord is joint manager with the 

 tenant. 



Restrictions have not been numerous in American cash leases, 

 but in Wisconsin for example, the following are restrictive 

 clauses which have been found : 



i. Specified parts of the farm shall not be plowed but shall 

 be kept in permanent pasture. 



