FORMS OF LAND TENURE IN THE UNITED STATES 303 



2. A specified number of acres shall be kept in meadow, and 

 old meadow shall not be plowed up until an equal area of new 

 meadow has been successfully seeded. 



3. No flax shall be grown. 



4. Only . . . acres of tobacco may be grown. 



5. Only . . . acres of cabbage may be grown. 



6. No straw or fodder shall be sold from the place. 



7. No hay shall be sold from the farm. 



8. Instead of 6 and 7 another lease requires that enough 

 stock be kept to consume all the grain and forage crops produced 

 upon the farm. 



9. Live stock shall not be allowed in the fields while the frost 

 is going out of the ground. 



10. Hogs shall be provided with nose rings in such a manner 

 as will keep them from rooting up the turf when allowed in 

 the pastures or fields. 



Such restrictions, it will at once be seen, are intended to force 

 the tenant into a conservative type of farming. The danger is 

 that such restriction may so fetter the tenant as to make his 

 farming unprofitable. 



It has been stated most emphatically by an English authority 

 upon this subject that " no landlord who is determined to in- 

 troduce unreasonable and unnecessary conditions into his leases 

 is entitled to or can expect to get first-class tenants. . . . 

 There is no difficulty in getting inferior tenants to agree to any 

 stipulated terms of management, but great caution is necessary 

 in laying restrictions upon really good farmers. . . . The 

 art of farming is progressive and cannot be fettered by any 

 set of rules that are meant to be of universal and unvarying ap- 

 plication. Hence, all the terms of farm leases should in one 

 respect be of a most general kind. A good tenant ought not to 

 be tied down with restrictions which can only be of service to 

 the landlord in enabling him to prevent a bad farmer from 

 injuring the land." 



In this country, where cash tenants have been put under few 

 restrictions, as in the eastern counties of Wisconsin, the re- 

 sults have been on the whole unsatisfactory. Cash-rented farms 



