SUMMAEY. 37 



living matter of the molds, shown by the distortion and swelling of the 

 filaments, which are filled with a coarse granular protoplasm contain- 

 ing much fat. 



6. Artificially colored ketchup can be detected under the micro- 

 scope by the fact that certain tissues, normally colorless, are dyed red, 

 or by the presence of fine, red, amorphous particles which do not go 

 into solution. 



7. Ketchup made from whole ripe stock in a cleanly manner gives 

 a clean appearance under the microscope, but few molds, yeasts, and 

 bacteria being present. On the other hand, ketchup made from 

 trimming stock, or from tomatoes that have been allowed to spoil, con- 

 tains immense quantities of these growing organisms which may be 

 killed in the process of manufacture, but still give proof of the char- 

 acter of the material used. Ketchup as ordinarily made from trim- 

 ming stock should, therefore, be designated, so as to differentiate it 

 from that made from sound fresh tomatoes, as the two products are 

 radically different. This exactness in labeling is due no less to the 

 manufacturer than to the consumer, as it is impossible to make the 

 superior product in fair competition with the inferior one, other condi- 

 tions being equal, unless the two are properly designated, there being 

 naturally some difference in the price. 



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