34 



it remained a long lime after in fine condition. The same day milled 

 chips from a field planted from the same lot of seed and fertilized with 

 potash and phosphoric acid, polarized 8.88, and had a purity of 03 61. 



Season 0/1888. Only complete fertilizers were used on one field, and 

 muriate of potash was spread on another field that was poor and had 

 never been in cane. The hills were 3 feet by 24 inches. Amber cane 

 was planted on May 18, and Kansas Orange and Late Orange from May 

 19 to June 10. A cold, wet June followed, and the result was unripe 

 cane. The crop was taken off between September 23 and November 1. 

 The Amber cane was yery poor in sugar. The Kansas Orange ran from 

 9.58 to 8.25. The stand on one field of Orange (Kansas) was preserved 

 intact from cut and wire worms, by patches of volunteer canes, where 

 seed had been stacked previously, and some seed had been left on the 

 ground. The worms gathered where plants were the thickest, leaving 

 the hills almost unmolested. When the ravages are feared seed could 

 be sprinkled down the center of the rows, and afterwards be destroyed 

 by the cultivator without extra expense. They only destroy while 

 the plants are very small and disappear with the return of dry, hot 

 weather. 



The Late Orange tested from 6.94 to 6.54. Scarcely any seed on this 

 variety was ripe, and in a great many of the plumes seed was not formed 

 neither had the cane power to resist ice and frost. These facts prove 

 conclusively that the safe time for planting Late Orange has been passed. 

 It is possibly true this variety might have been very rich in sugar, with 

 a late fall and hot weather during June and September ; but this risk is 

 not a safe one, and as it positively can be avoided by earlier planting 

 it should be done. 



OBSERVATIONS. 



The time for planting cane in this climate is, for Early Amber 

 not later than May 20; Kansas Orange, not later than May 10; Late 

 Orange, not later than May 1. Ten days earlier can safely be risked. 



Nitrogen prolongs the vitality in cane. 



Nitrogenous fertilizers combined with potash is the best combination 

 for large crops and high testing juice. Phosphoric acid hastens the 

 ripening of the cane about two weeks, and too much phosphoric acid 

 reduces the quantity of sugar in the juice. 



Potash makes large and strong stalks. If canes are desired to be 

 worked after frost and ice, they must be supplied with ample food, be 

 well grown, and of a late variety. If canes are not well advanced when 

 frosts and ice strike them, they will not be able to hold the cane sugar 

 long. 



The earlier the variety the later it should be planted. If canes in- 

 crease rapidly in cane sugar soon after frost strikes them they will soon 

 be worthless for sugar-making. If they do not increase at all, or 

 very little, they will remain good for a long time, providing the frost 

 was severe enough to kill, or almost kill, the leaves. The Amber 



