COLCHICUM. 



COLLING. 



Table of various Foreign Coins, with their Value 

 in Mn,n'y of the United States. Also, the Value 

 of Gold Corns per pennyweight. 



Value per dwt. 



Gold. C. 174. 



British sovereign, or pound 



sterling - ... 94'6 

 French twenty-franc piece - 92'9 

 German ten-thaler piece 

 Doubloon of Spanish America 88'7 to 90' 



Value by tale. 

 1). c. D. c. 



4-83 to 4-86 



15-39 to 15-02 



The value by tale depends upon the age, reign, section 



Val.byUle. 



. - ioo"o 



- 930 

 68-3 to 69 3 



- 217 

 - - 112-0 



- 44-5 



part of the harness of a horse or other animal 

 that goes round his neck and rests on the 

 shoulders. For horses, they are mostly made 

 of canvass, &c. stuffed with hair, tow, or straw, 

 and covered with leather. 



COLLEY, or COLLY. A kind of dog much 



3 84 to 3-85i prized by the Scotish drovers. See DOG, SHEP- 

 7-84to 7-97 DT , Q 



Spam 



h-America 

 Do. 



HEttT) S. 



COLLEY SHEEP. A name for sheep that 

 have black faces and legs. The wool of these 

 sheep is generally very harsh, havirfg hairs 

 mixed with it 



COLLING, ROBERT and CHARLES. Two 

 celebrated farmers of the county of Durham, 

 who, by their skill, enterprise, and public spirit, 

 not only secured for themselves the plaudits 

 of after generations of farmers, but did honour 

 to their country by the improvement which they 

 effected in the Durham breed of short-horns, 

 perhaps the most celebrated of all our modern 

 breeds of cattle. It is not in my power to give 



Silver. 



Doflar of Mexico and South America, about 

 French five-franc piece - 

 Prussian thaler - 

 English shilling (since 1816) - 

 Milreis of Portugal, about - 

 Rupee ot'liritUh India - 



quarter-dollar, unworn - 



do. worn by circulation 



25-0 

 23-5 



By the Mint Laws passed by Congress in 

 1837, the eagle is to weigh 258 troy grains, the 

 half and quarter in proportion; the dollar 4 12$ 

 grains, the parts in proportion. The relative 

 value, therefore, of silver to gold, is 15-9984 to 1, 

 or nearly 16 of silver for 1 of gold. In making 

 this comparison, both the silver and gold are 

 to be of the fineness of nine-tenths. 



The coinage of silver in the United States, 

 from 1826 to 1833, was nineteen and a half 

 millions; that from 1834 to 1841 was twenty 

 millions. 



COLCHICUM (Colchicum autumnale). Com- 

 mon meadow saffron. A bulb throwing up a 

 reddish purple flower without leaves in Sep- 

 tember and October: grows three or four 

 inches high : found in moist rich meadows, 

 but not common. It may be propagated from 

 offsets in July. Every part of the plant con- 

 tains an alkaline principle named Colchicia, 

 which is a most violent purgative as well as 

 narcotic. This active matter is extracted by 

 wine, spirits of wine, and vinegar. A tincture 

 of the bulb or of the seeds of colchicum, in the 

 dose of twenty to thirty drops twice a day, has 

 been found very useful in gout and rheuma- 

 tism. It has been too commonly taken without 

 medical advice, and, much mischief has re- 

 sulted. In an overdose colchicum is a virulent 

 poison. (Smith's Eng. Flora, vol. ii. p. 202.) 



COLD (Sax. colt); Dan. kaald). See CA- 

 TAHUII, and DISEASES OF CATTLE, HOUSES, &c. 



COLE, or COLESEED (Celt, caul ; Welsh, 

 cnn-l : Lat. Brassica napus). A variety of the 

 cabbage genus, much cultivated in the east of 

 England; it is sown from the middle of July 

 to the end of August, either for autumn sheep- 

 feed, or for seed (which is very rich in oil) for 

 the following summer. The ashes of the burnt 

 straw of coleseed are excellent dressing for 

 clover. (Brit. Husb. vol. ii. p. 312.) See COLZA 

 and RAPE. 



COLEWORT. SeeCABBAon. 



COLIN, THE VIRGINIAN PARTRIDGE 

 (Ortyx FtVgimVma). This bird has been intro- 

 duced into England from the United States, 

 and is a species of partridge. It lives on the 

 borders of woods, among brushwood, or on the 

 thick grassy plains. (YdrreWs Brit. Birds, vol. 

 ii. p. 448.) 



COLLAR (Span, collar,- Lat. collare). That 



any details with regard to their private hi>ti-ry ; 

 their public efforts is all in which niy readers 

 will feel interested. The following account 

 of the sale of their stock, and the enormous 

 amount which it produced, will afford a much 

 better view of their success as breeders than 

 any eulogium of mine. 



Charles Colling, of Kettou, near Darlington, 

 made a. very ample fortune. The prices he 

 obtairfed for his stock could hardly indeed have 

 failed to have produced such a result : thus at 

 his sale of improved short-horns, Oct. 11, 1810, 

 the following were some of the prices obtain 

 ed: 



Altogether it appears that 



17 cows sold for 

 11 bulls " . 



7 bull calves " 

 7 heifers " 

 5 heifer calves 



47 lota 



7115 17 



Robert Ceiling's stock was sold at Barmpton, 

 near Darlington, September 29, 1818, when it 

 produced for 



347 



