GRASS. 



GRASS. 



(Sinclair's Hart. Gram. Wob. p. 240, 241.) 



The chemical composition of the grasses va- 

 ries materially in the progress of their growth, 

 a fact well worthy of the farmer's serious 

 attention in more ways than one. "I found," 

 says Davy, " in all the trials I made, the largest 

 quantity of truly nutritive inafcer when the 

 seed was ripe, and least bitter extract and sa- 

 line matter ; most extract and saline matter in 

 the autumnal crop, and most saccharine mat- 

 ter in proportion to the other ingredients in the 

 crop cut at the time of flowering. I shall give 

 one instance : 



" 100 parts of the soluble matter obtained 

 from the round panicled cock's-foot grass 

 (Dactylis glomcrata), cut in flower, afforded, of 



Suear - 



Mucilage - - - - 



Extract, saline matters, &c. 



Parti. 



- 18 



- 67 



- 15 



100 



"100 parts of the soluble matter from the seed 

 crop, afforded, of 



Part.. 

 Sugar --------9 



Mucilage 85 



Extract, &c. ------ 6 



100 



" 100 parts of soluble matter from the after- 

 math crop gave, of 



Part*. 



Sugar - - - - - - - -n 



Mucilage -------59 



Extract -------SO 



100" 

 {Elm. ofJlgr. Chem. 477.) 



The seeds of the Grasses. The ripening of the 

 seeds of the essential grasses (says Sinclair), 

 takes place at three different periods of the 

 season, or, if they are classed according to the 

 time about which each species ripens its seed, 

 they will form three divisions or groups ; the 

 first, consisting of the earliest species, perfect 

 their seed about the end of June such as the 

 sweet-scented vernal-grass and the narrow- 

 leaved meadow-grass : the second consisting 

 of the sheep's-fescne grass, and others, about 

 the end of July; and the third, such as the flo- 

 rin grass, and others, about the first or second 

 week in September, as may be seen from the 

 following 



Table of the average periods at which different spe- 

 cies of Grasses ripen their seed, drawn up by the 

 late Mr. G. Sinclair, from the details often years' 

 practical observation and experiment. Allow- 

 ance must be made for difference of climate be- 

 tween England and America.) 



Annual meadow-grass (Poo, annua), PI. 6, c, 

 from April 10 to frosts. 



June 

 Sweet-scented vernal grass (Anthoxanthum 



odoratum), PI. 6, a 10 to 20 



Soft annual brume-grass (Bromus viollis), 



P\.7,b 12-20 



570 



June 



Silver-hair, hair-grass (Jlira caryophylla) - 15 to 20 



Bitter vernal grass (Jlnthoxanttium amarum) - 15 20 



Sheathed cotton-grass (Eriophurum vaginatuw) 18 20 



Narrow-leaved cotton-grass (E. aitgustifolium) 20 30 



One-flowered melic-grass (Mtlica uniftora) - 18 24 



Spring millet-grass (Milium vernale) - - 18 25 



Alpine meadow-grass (Poa alpina) PI. 6, I - 18 24 

 Narrow-leaved meadow-grass (P. angustifo- 



HII) PI. 6, 18 24 



Blue meadow-grass (Sesleria carulea) - -18 24 

 Meadow foxtail-grass (Alopccurua pratensia) 



P\.5, ff - - - - - - - - 30 



Sweet-scented soft-grans (abortive generally) 



(Holcus oduratus repens) - - - - 20 

 Barley-like fescue (Festuca ovina hordeiformis) 



PI. 6,t June 20 to July 20 



July 



Small-flowered oat-grass (Jivena parrifiora) - 4 to 10 

 Long-flowered (Bromus longijlurus) - - 4 13 

 Glaucous fescue (Festuea glauca) - - 4 24 



HiinKarian (Festuca pannonica) - - - 4 17 

 Hard wheat-grass (Triticumnardus) - - 417 



Smooth meadow-grass (Pun pratenais) PI. 5, A 10 17 

 Woolly soft-grass (Holcus lanatvs) - -12 24 



Creeping soft-graps (Hutcus inollis) PI. 5, c - 14 2 

 Field or meadow brome-grass (Bromus aroen- 



sis) PI. 7, o - - 7 



Jointed fox-tail (Alopecurus geniculatus) - - 7 26 



Bulbous meadow-grass (Poa bulbosus) - - 11 



Yellow oat-grass (Averta pubencens) PI. 6, b - 15 25 



Blue meadow-grass (Poa carulea) - - 16 



Nodding panicled bent-grass (Bromus tectorum) 16 



Crested dog's-tail ( Cynosurus crixtatus) PI. 6, / 16 30 



Horn of plenty (Cornucopia cncullatum) - - 16 

 Round-headed cock's-foot grass (Dactylisglo- 



merata) PI. 5. b 19 30 



Glaucous cock's-foot grass (D. fflaucescens) - 20 



Striped cock's-foot grass (Z3. vuritpata) - 20 



Striped American variety (D. Jlmtricana var.) 22 



Wood fescue (Festuca dumetorum) - - - 19 3 



Perennial rye-grass (Lolium pcrennr) PI. 5, a 15 



Russell-grass (Lolium Russtllianum) - - 20 



Reflexed meadow- grass (Poo distans) - - 16 



Kigid meadow-grass (P. ripidu) - - - 16 

 Rough -stalked meadow-grass (P. Trivialis) 



PI. 5, i - - - - - - . - 16 



Smooth-leaved fescue-grass (Festuca. glabra 



var.) PI. 6, A .... - 12 



Creeping fescue-grass (Festvca rubra) - - 12 25 



Common quaking grass (Brim media) PI. 6, n 12 20 



Melilot clover (Trifulium Melilotus o/tcinalia) - 14 



Upright brome-grass (Bromus trectus) - - 20 

 Hush vetch (Ftciasej/iMj/i) - - - -24 20 



Sheep's fescue-grass (Festuca ovina) PI. 6, k - 2 

 Early hair-grass (Jliraprtecox) - - - 27 

 Water hair-grass (A. aquatica) - - - 26 

 Crested hair-grass (A. cristata) - - - 29 

 Gigantic brorne-grass (Bromus giganteus) - 24 

 Slender oat -grass (Avena fragilit) - - - 24 

 Eastern oat-grass (Jl. oricntalis) - - - 25 30 

 Meadow oat-grass (A. pratenais) - - - 24 

 Two-rowed brome-grass (Bromus distachyos) 30 

 Wall brome-grass (B. diandrvs) - - - 21 

 Tongue-formed brome-grass (B. ligusticus) - 30 

 Large-panirlod brome-grass (Bromus wuximus) 21 

 Flat-spiked brotne-graps (B. imwloides) - - 21 

 Wood millet-grajs (Milinm rffukum) - - 21 

 Drome-like fescue-grass (Festuca b row aides) - 21 

 Flard fescue-grass (F. duriusrula) PI. 6. g - 30 

 Crested hrorne-grass (Browns crintatnn) - - 30 

 Slender fescue-grass (Festuca gradHs) - - 30 

 Slender sheep's-fescue (F. ovina tennis) - - 30 

 Meadow fescue-grass (F. pratensir) PI. 5, d d 30 

 Slender-leaved fescue (F. tenvifolia) - - 30 

 Viviparous fescue (F. mcipara) - - - 30 

 Sand canary-grass (Phularis urenaria) - - 30 

 Ciliated melic-graes (Melica ciliatu) - - 27 31 

 Nerved meadow-grass (Poa nervala) - - 30 

 Rye-grass-like fescue (Fesiura loliacea), PI. 5,/ 21 

 Lesser meadow cat's-tail (Pldeum pratense mi- 

 nus) 25 



Linear-spiked (Cynosurug cruccBfonnix) - - 21 



Meadow cat's-tail (Plileitm pratense) PI. 5, * - 25 



Wood meadow-grass (Poa nemoralia) - - 30 

 Bulbous-jointed cat's-tail grass (Plileum nodo- 

 sum --------30 



Fertile meadow-grass (Poa fertilis) - - 30 



Larger bird's-foot trefoil (Lotus major) - - 30 



Smaller bird's-foot trefoil (L. minor) - - 30 



Capon's-lail fescue (Festvca Myvrus) - - 29 



Sea-green meadow-grass (Puadesia) - - 27 



Way-bonnet, wall-barley (Hurdeum murinnm) 30 



Thouin's vetch (ficiii Thnuinii) - - - 30 



Welsh fescue-grass (Festuca Cumbrica) PI. 7, c 20 30 

 Upright vetch (Fida stricta) - - - -20 30 



