TURNIP. 



It produces a larger crop than the white globe, 

 is a good feeder, and stands the winter better 

 than any of the common yellows. It is in full 

 perfection for using in February, and continues 

 for as long a period as the Swedes; and should 

 the latter fail, the border imperial being sown 

 as late as the month of June, will yield a crop 

 equal, if not superior, to what might have been 

 expected from the Swedes, had they suc- 

 ceeded." 



Green-topped Bullock Yelloiv. This turnip at- 

 tains a medium size. Its shape is globular, or 

 somewhat flattened, with a very small tap-root; 

 it is an old variety, and is held in deserved es- 

 timation. 



Purple-topped Bullock Yellow. This variety 

 differs from the former chiefly in the colour of 

 the top ; the size, shape, and quality of the 

 roots being pretty nearly the same. It is also 

 highly esteemed, and is considered by some to 

 come nearest to the Swedes in hardiness and 

 solidity of texture. 



Skirving's Improved Purple-topped Bullock- Yel- 

 low. This improved variety of the above ob- 

 tained for its introducer Mr. Willaim Skirv- 

 ing, of Liverpool the medal of the Highland 

 Society of Scotland. It has been generally 

 grown for a number of years by the first agri- 

 culturists in Lancashire and the northwestern 

 counties. 



Green and Purple-topped Yelloiv Scotch differ 

 but little in any of their essential properties 

 from green and purple-topped bullock yellow. 

 The roots are flatter, and grow more in the 

 ground. 



Ox-heart Yellow is an excellent turnip ; al- 

 though it comes early to maturity, and attains 

 a considerable size, it is by no means deficient 

 in hardiness. 



Yellow Globe. This is a superior turnip, both 

 for field and garden culture. Its roots are of 

 medium size, globular, and always nearly un- 

 der the surface of the ground; top greenish, 

 leaves rather small and spreading. 



Yellow Sonc. This variety differs from the 

 last in growing more out of the ground, and 

 having a greener top; in other respects it is 

 pretty similar. 



Broivn-topped Tankard Ycllotv. Root bright 

 yellow, with a purple or brownish top, of a 

 somewhat irregular long or tankard shape. 

 This variety is in great repute in Aberdeen- 

 shire. A sub-variety, of not so very long a 

 shape, is preferred by some growers. They 

 are both excellent turnips. 



Green-lopped Tankard Yellow differs from the 

 above chiefly in the colour of the top. Of this 

 there is also a sub-variety, of a flatter shape. 



Large Laurencekirk Yellow Tankard, intro- 

 duced by Mr. Robert Scott, of Laurencekirk, 

 resembles Dale's hybrid in many particulars, 

 like which it grows a good deal out of the 

 ground, but is distinguished by its more oblong 

 and more uniformly shaped roots. It arrives 

 early at maturity, but is generally considered 

 as rather less hardy, although it yields an 

 equally bulky crop. 



Dale's Hybrid. This highly esteemed variety 

 is a cross between the green-topped Swede 

 and white globe, procured by repeated impreg- 

 nations. Its most distinguishing characteristics 

 1066 



TURNIP. 



are as follow : foliage strong and luxuriant, 

 roots of a large size, oblong shape, and of a 

 | lightish yellow colour, with light green top, 

 having also a small neck and tap-root. The 

 form of the root, however, although generally 

 oblong, is rather apt to vary, being sometimes 

 almost globular; but its more material cha- 

 racteristics, of large size and luxuriance of 

 growth,- are always the same. Compared with 

 any other of the yellow field sorts, it is found 

 to arrive sooner at maturity, and consequently 

 may be sown at a later period of the season ; 

 while at the same time it is equally hardy, or 

 at least has been found sufficiently so, to with- 

 stand the severest winters which have occurred 

 since its introduction. 



Gordon's Yelloiv. This very superior variety 

 is of a rather oblong shape, deep green colour 

 on the top, which is generally very slightly 

 tinged with red. It is very nearly allied to 

 Dale's hybrid, being a cross between the Aber- 

 deenshire bullock yellow and the Swede. Sir 

 F. A. Mackenzie, Bart., upon whose extreme 

 accuracy as an experimentalist the utmost re- 

 liance may be placed, grew last year a con- 

 siderable number of the most approved kinds 

 of turnips, on his farm at Conan Mains, near 

 Dingwall, in Ross-shire, with the view of select- 

 ing such as might be found most worthy of 

 being kept in cultivation as best suited to the 

 soil and climate of Ross-shire. The result of 

 his experiments was, that of Swedes, Skirv- 

 ing's is decidedly the best, Gordon's yellow 

 the best of the yellow-fleshed, and Scott's pur- 

 ple-topped hybrid and the old white globe, of 

 the white-fleshed kinds. 



Hood's New Large Yellow is a very superior, 

 large, globular-shaped, hardy turnip, remarka- 

 bly perfect in symmetry, with rather a lightish 

 green top. 



Pollexfen Yellow. This turnip derives its 

 name from its introducer, Thomas Pollexfen, 

 Esq., of Cairston. From his peculiar method 

 of selecting and transplanting the bulbs, as 

 well as of stacking and preserving the seed, the 

 turnip-seed of Mr. Pollexfen's growth has long 

 been held in deserved estimation in Scotland, 

 and has commanded the highest prices. The 

 insular situation of Orkney, although in lati- 

 tude 59 north, renders its climate less exposed 

 to the extremes of heat and cold than in more 

 continental situations farther south, the winters 

 being mild, and the frost so gentle that the 

 ice is seldom sufficiently strong to sustain the 

 weight of a man. Its climate is on that ac- 

 count peculiarly favourable to the growth of 

 turnips, and turnip-seed grown in Orkney is 

 accordingly highly prized by the Scotch far- 

 mers. The Pollexfen yellow is a green-topped 

 turnip of a large size, rather flattish in shape, 

 skin very smooth and thin; the flesh is firm 

 and nutritious, being slightly impregnated with 

 the green topped Swedish. It is adapted for 

 winter and spring feeding, and is not liable to 

 injury from frost. This turnip obtained the 

 prize at the meeting of the Highland and Agri- 

 cultural Society of Scotland, held at Inverness 

 in 1836, in the report of which it is highly 

 commended. 



WHITE TURNIPS. White Globe. Roots glo- 

 bular ; skin smooth, and perfectly white ; neck 



