35 HISTORICAL AND POLITICAL. 



" l MR. BAYNE. There is but one clause in the Constitution which authorizes the 

 Congress of the United States to expend this million of dollars or to loan it. The 

 clause which authorizes Congress to levy taxes to provide for the common defence 

 and general welfare is the source from which Congress must derive its authority to 

 loan this money or expend it. 



" ' MR. MONEY. A new set of circumstances has now arisen, and if it seems 

 proper to this House that the government should support this great enterprise by a 

 loan to it of $1,000,000, I cannot see any valid objection to it. 



" ' MR. WOLFORD. I believe it is perfectly constitutional, and I base that belief 

 upon the power given by the Constitution of the United States to Congress to pro- 

 vide for the general welfare of the United States. I agree with Judge Story that 

 that is a distinct power, and I believe that under that grant of power the Congress 

 of the United States has authority to pass any law that will do good, that will bless 

 the people, that will make them happy.' 



" Discussing this proposition, Mr. Gates is on record as saying : 



"'This is not an appropriation proper; it is a loan. While it is an appropriation 

 in form, it is nevertheless a loan upon security for return. . . . This, mark you, is 

 not an appropriation outside of the Constitution. It is a loan. It is competent for 

 the government to make a deposit, and it does it with bankers all over the country, 

 wherever it thinks proper. That money is to be returned, and if this money is 

 returned, what harm will be done? If it is outside of the power of Congress to do 

 this, then the action of Congress would be hampered in providing sufficient legis- 

 lation.' 



"When the vote was taken upon the bill, it was passed by 132 to 87. The yeas 

 were as follows: Adams, G. E., Atkinson, Anderson, Barksdale, Bayne, Belford, 

 Belmont, Bennett, Bisbee, Blanchard, Boutelle, Breckenridge, Bremer, F. B., Brown, 

 W. W., Buchanan, Cadwell, Campbell, I. M., Cannon, Clements, Collins, Crisp, Cul- 

 berson, W. W., Cullen, Cutcheon, Davidson, Davis, G. R., Davis, R. Y., Dibble, 

 Dibrell, Dorsheimer, Dunham, Dunn, Elliott, Ellis, Evins, I. H., Findlay, Follett, 

 Forney, Funston, Garrison, George, Gibson, Glascock, Graves, Green, Hammond, 

 Hanback, Hancock, Hardeman, Harmer, Hart, Hatch, H. H., Hemphill, Hender- 

 son, T. I., Henley, Herbert, Hewett, G. W., Hitt, Hopkins, Horr, Houk, House- 

 man, Howey, Hunt, Jeffords, Jones, B. W., Jones, I. H., Jones, J. T., Jordan, Kasson, 

 Keifer, King, Lewis, Lore, McCord, McCormick, Money, Morrill, Morrison, Murphy, 

 Neece, Nelson, Nicholls, Gates, O'Hara, O'Neill, Charles, O'Neill, J. J., Payson, 

 Peelle, S. J., Perkins, Peters, Petibone, Phelps, Price, Pryor, Pusey, Randall, Rankin, 

 Ranney, Reed, Reese, Rice, Rogers, J. H., Rogers, W. F., Rowell, Ryan, Shelley, 

 Singleton, Skinner, T. G., Smalls, Spooner, Steele, Stevens, Stewart, Charles, Stone, 

 Sumner, C. A., Throckmorton, Tilman, Tully, Van Eaton, Wakefield, Ward, Well- 

 born, White, Milo, Whiting, Williams, Willis, Wilson, James, Wilson, W. L., Wilford, 

 Woodward, Young. 



" After passing the House, the bill went to the Senate. It was referred to the 

 Committee on Appropriations, and upon its recommendation was passed, with a few 

 amendments and but little debate. The concensus of opinion in the Senate was so 

 unanimous in favor of the bill that a yea and nay vote was not taken. The Senators 

 spoke of it as a loan. 



" Senator Plumb considered it a loan, and in his remarks said : 



" ' There are chances, and, I think, a majority of chances, that the government 

 will be repaid the money. 



