490 AGRICULTURE. 



and grain ; 2. Threshing-floor ; 3. Stables for horses ; 4. Gran- 

 ary ; 5. Harness room. 



For three stories, these should be so arranged that the base- 

 ment may be similar to the two-story plan, and the second story 

 should contain : i. Bay for hay; 2. Stable for horses; 3. Gran- 

 ary ; 4. Harness room. The third, or upper, story should con- 

 tain : i. Threshing-floor; 2. Continuation of hay -bay ; 3. Bays 

 for grain, including space over floor ; 4. Opening to granary 

 below. In all cases, there should be ventilators, shoots for hay, 

 ladders to ascend bays, and stairs to reach quickly to every 

 part, besides which every bin in the granary should be gradu- 

 ated like the chemist's assay-glass, so that the owner may, by a 

 glance at the figures marked inside, see precisely how many 

 bushels there are within. 



A blackboard should be in every granary, for marking or cal- 

 culating ; one in the stable, to receive directions from the owner 

 in relation to feeding or keeping accounts of the same ; and a 

 third should face the threshing-floor for recording any results. 

 In conclusion, I would say that I have found it to be to my own 

 advantage, and I am sure all farmers would, to employ a com- 

 petent architect to make complete plans of the whole work 

 before commencing operations. It saves material, saves time, 

 and saves the cost and annoyance of many alterations, which 

 are sure to suggest themselves during the progress of the work, 

 unless the details have been previously studied as they only can 

 be with the assistance of complete drawings, made to a scale. 



Barn-yards. The barn-yard must necessarily be regulated 

 by the character of the land on which, largely for other consid- 

 erations, it has been found necessary to locate the buildings ; 

 yet it should have its due weight in determining the location. 

 As the cattle are at pasture, at least during the daytime, in 

 summer, it should be a very good reason that induces a farmer 

 to so place his barn that he cannot have his yard on the warm- 

 est and sunniest side of it. Ordinarily the coldest winds of 

 winter blow from the north and northwest, while the warmth of 

 the morning sun in winter falls best into nooks whose lookout 

 is toward the southeast ; therefore a southeast exposure is usually 

 the best. If there are several buildings, they should be so 

 arranged as to shelter the yard from the north and the west. 



