680 HOME AND HOUSEHOLD. 



Sore Teats. Treatment. First, wash with warm water and castile soap; then 

 lubricate the parts with equal portions of lime-water and linseed oil. 



Sore Teats and Chafed Udder. Treatment. Foment the parts daily with an 

 infusion of camomile flowers, for at least fifteen minutes at a time; then wipe dry and 

 use the lime liniment. These temporary, or what might, with more propriety, be 

 termed local maladies, will, if the system be free from morbid matter, generally yield 

 to local remedies. If, however, no change for the better can be observed, a good 

 aperient should be given. 



Cow-pox. Two varieties of sore teats occur in the cow, in the form of pustular 

 eruption. They first appear as small vesicles, containing a purulent matter, and sub- 

 sequently assume a scabby appearance; or small ulcers remain, which often prove 

 troublesome to heal. This latter is the cow-pox, from which Jenner derived the vac- 

 cine matter. 



Treatment. Foment the teats well with warm water and castile soap ; after 

 which wipe the bag dry, and dress with citrine ointment. The preparations of iodine 

 have also been recommended, and they are very serviceable. 



Coryza. In the spring, and late in the fall, catarrhal affections are quite com- 

 mon, occurring frequently in an epizootic form. Coryza, or nasal catarrh, commonly 

 called a cold in the head, is not very common among cows. As its name implies, it 

 is a local disease, confined to the lining membrane of the nose; and, consequently, 

 the general system is not usually disturbed. 



Treatment. The animal should be kept on a low diet for a few days, the nos- 

 trils occasionally steamed, and one of the following powders given night and morning, 

 which, in most cases, will be all the medicine required. Nitrate of potassa, one 

 ounce; digitalis leaves pulverized, and tartrate of antimony, of each one drachm; 

 sulphate of copper, two drachms. Mix, and divide into eight powders. Should the 

 disease prove obstinate, give, for two or three days, two ounces of epsom salts at a 

 dose, dissolved in water, three times a day. 



Diarrhoea. Cattle are frequently subject to this disease, particularly in the spring 

 of the year, when the grass is young and soft. Occasionally it assumes a very obsti- 

 nate form, in consequence of the imperfect secretion of gastric juice; the faeces are 

 thin, watery, and fetid, followed by very great prostration of the animal. 



Treatment. If in a mild form, the diet should be low; give two ounces of epsom 

 salts twice a day. In a more obstinate form, give two drachms of carbonate of soda 

 in the food. Oak -bark tea will be found very useful in these cases; or one of the 

 following powders, twice a day, will be found very advantageous : Pulverized opium 

 and catechu, each one and a half ounces; prepared chalk, one drachm; to be given 

 in the feed. Calves are particularly subject to this disease, and it often proves fatal 

 to them. It sometimes assumes an epizootic form, when it is generally of a mild 

 character. So long as the calf is lively and feeds well, the farmer should entertain 

 no fear for him; but if he mopes about, refuses his food, ceases to ruminate, wastes 

 in flesh, passes mucous and blood with the faeces, and exhibits symptoms of pain, the 

 case is a dangerous one. In such an emergency lose no time, but give two or three 

 ounces of castor oil, with flour gruel, or two ounces of salts at a dose, followed with 

 small draughts of oak-bark tea; or give, twice a day, one of the following powders: 

 Pulverized catechu, opium, and Jamaica ginger, of each, half an ounce; prepared 

 chalk, one ounce. Mix, and divide into twelve powders. Bran mashes, green food, 

 and flour gruel should be given, with plenty of salt. 



