AGRICULTURE. 



sioner of Patents, for 1848, are founded upon 

 the bases furnished in the census returns for 18 10, 

 with the addition of 22 per cent., that being the 

 computed increase of population since that period. 

 The prices are generally the average prices of 

 the difft-rent articles in the New York market. 

 The quantities and values of hemp, flax, hops, 

 beeswax, molasses, wine, products of orchards 

 52 



AGROSTIS. 



and nurseries, have 25 per cent, allowed foi 

 increase, except where later information justifies 

 a departure from this rule. 



(h) The census of 1S40 contains no returns 

 of honey. Bevan estimates 30 pounds of honey 

 for each pound of wax produced, and this is taken 

 as the basis of the present estimate. 



(c) A little more than 45 gallons of molasses 

 are allowed by authors treating on the subject 

 of sugar-growing and manufacture, for every 

 1000 Ibs. of cane sugar. 



(d) In France 11$ per cent, upon the value of 

 the products of the land and forest is allowed 

 for the refuse of crops. From the returns of 

 estimates made by farmers in various parts of 

 the Union in 1848, it appears that many allow 1 

 ton of straw to 20 bushels of wheat and other 

 small grain produced, and 1 ton of fodder for 

 about. 25 bushels of Indian corn. The straw is 

 valued at $2.50, and the fodder at $2 per ton : 

 very low prices. If to 4 hese be added the 

 refuse of the cotton, sugar, rice, and other crops, 

 it will make the total value exceed $100,000,000. 

 In England, the annual value of straw alone, 

 used for thatching, &c., is estimated at about 

 $40,000,000. 



(e) The average price of manure in the pre- 

 sent estimate is 6Cj cts. per cord. The value 

 of the manure produced in England was com- 

 puted, in 1835, at 329,300,000 lads, valued at 

 about $295,000,000, exclusive of the drdppings 

 from grazing stock, equal to about 5 more. 



(g-) See FOOD arid VENTILATION. 

 [AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS, Co>st MP- 

 TION OF. To one who examines statements of 

 the agricultural products of various kinds every 

 year yielded in such immense quantities, it 

 seems, at first glance, difficult to imagine how 

 these can all be consumed, before fresh crops 

 would glut the markets and do away, for a 

 time, with the labours and profits of the hus- 

 bandman. It is, however, only necessary for 

 one to inquire into the consumption of the pro- 

 ducts of the soil constantly going on in some 

 of the most populous countries and cities, to give 

 him courage to persevere in his productive ef- 

 forts, even with renewed ardour. It has, for 

 example, been estimated that the daily con- 

 sumption of corn in England and Ireland, is, 

 1,238,096 bushels of wheat and barley ; besides 

 annually, 100,000 bags of rice, and 450,000,000 

 Ibs. of sugar. The immediate products of the 

 grasses, which, consumed by animals, forms 

 the food of man, constitutes an amount almost 

 inconceivable. In London alone there is an- 

 nually consumed 155,000,000 Ibs. of butcher's 

 meat. Of cheese, another production of grass, 

 11,500 tons are annually introduced into Lofi- 

 don, from Cheshire, about 20.000 tons from 

 Warwickshire, besides that imported from many 

 other countries. Of butter, the annual con- 

 sumption is about 50,000,000 Ibs., tho produce 

 of 300.000 cows; and in London, between 9 and 

 10,000 cows are kept for the supply of milk to 

 j the inhabitants, which produce annually about 

 30,000,000 qts. (Johnson's Lecture* on Botany.)"] 

 Agricultural Products of the U.S. in 1860, 

 made from Census returns. Column A in- 

 cludes 23 Eastern, Northern, Middle, and West- 

 ern States ; Column B includes the Southern 

 1 States of Virg., Tenn., N. Car., S. Car., Georg., 

 iFlor., Alab., Missis., Louis., Tex., and Ark. 



