BUTTER-CUP. 



BUTTERNUT. 



times then a thin ga*U dipped in cold water, her eggs upon the nettle. The eggs are coated 

 mead over it on which the prints or rolls of | with a glutinous secretion as they are excluded 

 butter -ire to be placed, each with one or more ', from the parent, and thus they are provided 

 leave- beneath and smaller ones over it. The with the means of adhesion to the leaves or 

 lowermost layer being adjusted, fold half of the stems of the plants selected. See CATER- 



, . t _ __ *x i. :.. .....i + K'ti* Ifitrai* in tllO PILL\.RS 



BUTTERNUT (Juglans calhnrtim vel Cine- 

 a}. A species of walnut growing in the 



gau/.e cloth over it, put in another layer in the 

 same wav, and then cover with the remainder 

 of the irau/.e. The butter should be put into and 

 taken from the basket without being touched. 



Whev butter, as its name implies, is butter 

 made from the' whey which is taken from the 

 curd, after the milk is coagulated for the manu- 

 facture of cheese. It is chielly made in those 

 counties where cheese is manufactured, and 

 >v he, M ino.nsiderabiL' part of the pro- 



fit- of the dairy. In Derbyshire more butter is 

 said t . be made from whey than from the cream 

 cf milk, or from milk ehurned altogether. 



Under the head of AnthoxarUkum odoratum, 



a>crihing to its presence 



in pastures, a certain rich flavour for which 



the butiei- made in some districts i< celebrated, 

 such as the May butter" of Philadelphia, and 



the Kppin- and Cambridge butter of London. 



i,ted vernal 



OW6 it- aro- 



inatie ,,iialities chiefly to the pn-enre ,,f ben- 

 Zi.ii- acid or tli.wer.- "f ben/oin, and this when 

 nilmiiii-t-ivd to OOWI mixed with tlieir f.,...l has 



found to rMiiimunieate the peculiarl;. 



tlav-iiir r..mmon ! Philadelphia ' May 

 butter." not met with at pre-ent in the butter 





part 



f the Tinted Sin 



United States, in different parts of which it is 

 known by different names. In the New Eng- 

 land States it generally takes the name of oil- 

 nut; in some of the Middle States it is called 

 white walnut; but from New York to the Caro- 

 linas, and from Pennsylvania to Ohio, the most 

 common name is butternut. The region of 

 this tree is very extensive, as it is found from 

 Upper and even Lower Canada to the Flo- 

 ridas, and from the Atlantic to the Missouri. 

 Even in Vermont and other cold regions its 

 growth is so luxuriant that it attains a circum- 

 ference of eight or ten feet. Michaux mea 



hin-iily pri/.ed by epicure that uhen 



buttrV -ells in the Philadelphia \\i-\- 



nud H high -ii '> p-as* 



butt.-r will bring i w 60 cent* ; 



.able flavours may be -i\en f. ; 

 ky ' cream, before churning, certain 



agent-, a- flowers .if ben/. .in. vanilla, etc. See 



A.NTHOXAMHI M OnOHATt M . P.MKY, WHET. 



Ul'TTER-CUP, butter-flower, or upright 



im-adow crow's foot (Kunitnntlui bulbosits, 

 Smith). (PI. 10, /.) A common perennial 



1, abounding in meadows and pa> 

 and blooming in May. The whole plant is 



some in New Jersey nearly opposte 

 New York, growing on the steep and elevated 

 banks of the Hudson, where the soil was mid 

 and unproductive, and found them, five feet 

 from the Around, ten or twelve feet in circum- 

 terene.p, and fifty feet high, with roots running 

 alonir the surface t>f the -round in a serpentine 

 direction, and with little variation in size, to 

 the distance of forty feet. The limbs gene- 

 rally branch off at a small height above the 

 . and spread them^-lves widely, which 

 gives the tree a striking appearance. 



In the sprin:: its vegetation is forward, and 

 its leaves unfold a fortnight earlier than those 

 of the hickorv. The black walnut and butter- 

 nut, when young, resemble each other, in their 

 foliate, and in the rapidity of their growth; 

 but when arrived at maturity, their forms are 

 1 so different as to be distinguishable at first 

 sight. Remarkable peculiarities are also found, 

 mining their wood, especially when 

 seasoned. The black walnut is heavy, strong, 

 and of a dark-brown colour; while the butter- 



nut is light, of little strength, and of a reddish 



extremely acrid, so as often to be employed by i hue. But they possess in common the great 

 country people to raise a blister. Bees are, | advantage of lasting long, and of being se- 

 however, very fond of it; it is eaten by sheep cure from the annoyance of worms. The 



wood of the butternut is used for the sleepers 

 and posts of frame houses and barns, for post 

 and rail fences, troughs for cattle, &c. For 

 corn-shovels and wooden dishes, it is preferred 

 to the red-flowering maples, because it is lighter 



and goats; but horses, cows, and swine refuse 

 it; drying destroys its acrimony. The roots 

 are perennial, and bulbous; the stem rises a 

 foot high, and bears its yellow flowers on the 

 ends of its branches. 



Dr. Darlington says that some fifteen or and less liable to split; consequently hollow 

 twenty species of ranunculus have been enu- ware and other articles made of it sell at 

 merated in the United States. (Flor. Cestrira.) higher prices. In Vermont the wood is used 



BUTTERFLY. The common English name, for the panels of coaches and chaises, being 

 says Brande (Diet, of Science), of an extensive well adapted for this purpose, not only from 

 group of insects, as they appear in their last its lightness, but because it is not liable to 

 and fully developed state, when they constitute split. It receives paint in a superior manner, 

 the most beautiful and elegant examples of its pores being very open, more so than those 

 their class. These insects belong to the order of poplar and bass-wood. 



Lepidoptera, and to the section Diurna of La- The bark of the butternut possesses medi- 

 treille, or the genus Papilio of Linnoeus. The cinal properties of a cathartic nature which 

 eggs of the butterfly are deposited on such have been highly recommended both by the 

 plants as afford the nutriment most appropriate testimony of the regular faculty and popular 

 to the caterpillars, that are to be excluded practice. An extract prepared from the bark 

 from them ; thus, the common white butterfly is prescribed by American physicians in dose* 

 (Pirns brassier) and other species, oviposit of from half a drachm to a drachm to admis 

 upon cabbages, and hence have been termed In the revolutionary war when supplies of 

 brassicarice; the gaudy peacock butterfly lays foreign medicines were cut off, the extract of 



241 



