CATTLE. 



raon for them in the beginning of the summer ' 

 to yield thirty quarts a day. There are rare 

 instances of the cow yielding thirty-six quarts; 

 the average is about twenty-two to twenty-four 

 quarts. The milk, however, is not so rich in 

 its produce of butter as that of the long-horns, 

 the Scotch or the Devons." (For the Alderney, 

 Jersey, and Guernsey breeds, see ALDERNEY.) 

 The quantity of cattle annually sold in Smith 

 field is very great: it was (according 

 loch's Diet, of Commerce) in 



Cattle. 



76,210 



79,601 



73,703 

 102,831 



89,503 

 101,176 

 107,348 



Year. 

 1732 

 1742 

 1752 

 1762 

 1772 

 1782 

 1792 



1812 

 1822 



Fatted calves 



1822 

 1832 . 



142,043 

 160,224 



Sheep. 

 511,71)0 

 503,260 

 61-MlM) 

 772,1(50 

 609,540 



760,859 



713,470 

 953,630 



1,364,160 



24,255 

 19,522 



The quantity of cattle in various European 

 countries has been estimated to be as follows : 



Cattle. 



Great Britain .... 5,100,000 



Russia 19,000,000 



Netherlands .... 2,500,000 



Denmark 1,607,000 



Austria 9,912,500 



France ..... 6,681,900 



Spain - - - - - - 9,500.000 



Portugal ..... 650,000 



Italy 3,500,000 



United States of America in 1840 14,97 1, &>6 



Live and dead weight of cattle. SaN'>nn i n 

 commonly calculate that the dead, weight is 

 one-half of what the animal weighs when alive; 

 but the butcher knows that the produce is 

 greater: it often approaches to three-fifths; 

 and by an extensive stock bailiff of the late Mr. 

 Curwen, it was found that the dead weight 

 amounted to fifty-five per cent, of the live. But 

 the amount differs strangely, as may be seen 

 by the following statement of Mr. Ferguson of 

 Woodhill. (Brit. Husb. vol. ii. p. 392.) 



In ascertaining the weight by admeasure 

 ment, the girth is taken by passing a cor-l just 

 behind the shoulder-blade :uil under the fore- 

 legs: this gives the circumference, and the 

 length is taken along the btick from the fore 



CATTLE. 



most corner of the blade-bone of the shoulder, 

 in a straight line to the hindmost point of the 

 rump. (See engraving below.) 



Table for Admeasurement of Cattle. 



(JPJjermtnft Farmer's Assistant.) 



2 B 2 



293 



