DAIRY. 



DAIRY. 



but the admixture of blood is very small if any ; 

 and if any. it is not known, whether Durham, 

 or Ayrshire, or what. There is nothing but 

 her colour, which indicates any difference from 

 our best formed native stock. She has some 

 progeny by an Ayrshire bull, which are very 

 promising. 



" Cow of S. Henshaw, Springfield. 17$ Ibs. of 

 butter JMT week, and in one case, 21 Ibs. of ex- 

 cellent butter. In 4$ days, that is 4 days and 

 one milking, she produced 14 Ibs. 3 oz. of but- 

 ter, at the rate of 22 Ibs. per week. 



>f O. Morris, Springfield. "The summer 

 after she was seven years old, the quantity of 

 butter made from her between the first day of 

 April and the first of September, five months, 

 was 206 Ibs. During the time, we used milk 

 and cream in the family freely. Some weeks 

 we have made 14 Ibs., exclusive of milk and 

 cream used for family purposes. I have often 

 weighed her milk in the month of June, and 

 she has frequently yielded 31 Ibs. at one milk- 

 ing at night. We have been particular to have 

 her milked in the summer at five o'clock in the 

 morning and at seven o'clock in the evening, 

 and always by the same person. I think much 

 of regularity in the times of milking; and that 

 one person only should be permitted to milk 

 the same cow the same season. My cow has 

 had a good milker, and her milk has 

 been rapidly drawn. Her food in the winter is 

 good hay, and in addition thereto from 2 to 4 

 quarts of rye-bran at noon. I feed and give 

 lu-r water three times each day. In the sum- 

 mer, besides the pasture, she has 4 quarts of 

 rye-bran at night. From the experience I have 

 had with this cow, I feel quite sure that many 

 cows which have been considered as quite or- 

 dinary, might, by kind and regular treatment, 

 good and regular feeding and proper care in 

 milking, have ranked among the first-rate." 



For their dairy products these examples of 

 native New England cows are certainly admir- 

 able. . They do not, however, equal those re- 

 ported of many Durhams in our country, 

 among which may be mentioned the Bdinu of 

 Mr. John Hare Powell of Pennsylvania, an im- 

 proved Durham, which yielded repeatedly 26 

 quarts of milk in 24 hours, and produced in 

 three days 8 Ibs. 13 oz. of butter ; or at the rate 

 of 20$ Ibs. per week ; the feed consisted of 

 slop composed of Indian meal, with clover and 

 orchard-grass. One quart of the cream pro- 

 duced 1 Ib. 5$ oz. of butter. In one instance 

 two minutes, and in another only three se- 

 conds were required to convert the cream into 

 utter. 



The celebrated Blossom, also an improved 

 Durham short-horn cow, owned by Mr. Canby, 

 in Delaware, gave 253$ quarts per week, being 

 an average of 36 quarts per day; from which 

 were made 17$ Ibs. of well-worked butter. 



The famous Durham cow Dairy Maid, be- 

 longing to Mr. James Gowen of Gerraantown 

 near Philadelphia, yielded 33$ quarts of milk 

 per day. 



Neither do any of these distinguished milch 

 cows equal in dairy qualities the celebrated 

 Cramp cow, owned in Lewes, England, which 

 still bears the palm both abroad and at home. 

 She was of the Sussex breed, and came of a 



celebrated stock. Her performances recorded 

 were as follows : - 



"From the first lay of May, 1805, the day she 

 calved, to the second day of April, 1806, a 

 space of forty-eight weeks and one day, her 

 milk produced 540 Ibs. of butter. The largest 

 amount made in any one week, was 15 Ibs. 

 From May to June, she gave 20 quarts pnr 

 day. From 20th June, to 10th September, 

 18$ quarts. In forty-seven weeks, she pro- 

 duced 4,921 quarts of milk. 



"In the next year, from 19th day of April, 



1806, the day she calved, to the 27th February, 



1807, forty-five weeks, she produced 450 Ibs. of 

 butter. The largest amount per week was 12 

 Ibs. The quantity of milk for the time was 4,137 

 quarts. During this year, she was sick and 

 under a farrier's care three weeks after calv- 

 ing. She went dry seventeen days only. 



"In the third year, from the 6th of April, 1807, 

 the day she calved, up to the 4th April, 1808, 

 fifty-one weeks, and four days, she produced 

 675 Ibs. of butter. The largest amount made 

 in a week was 18 Ibs. The quantity of milk 

 given in that time was 5,782 quarts. In the 

 fourth year, from the 22d April, 1808, the day 

 she calved, to the 13th February, 1809, forty- 

 two weeks and three days, she produced 466 

 Ibs. of butter. The quantity of milk given in 

 the time was 4,219 quarts. In the fifth year, 

 from April 3d, 1809, to May 8th, fifty-seven 

 weeks, her produce in butter was 594 Ibs. The 

 amount of milk given in the time was 5,369 

 quarts. The largest quantity of butter in any 

 week was 17 Ibs. This is the most extraordi- 

 nary cow of which we have any record. 

 Though it has been presented to the public 

 before, yet the account may not be accessible 

 to all ; and I deem it useful to state the mode 

 of her treatment. 



"In the suminer season, she was fed on clo- 

 ver, lucerne, rye-grass and carrots, three or 

 four times a day ; and at noon, about four gal- 

 lons of grains and two of bran, mixed together, 

 always observing to give her no more feed 

 than she eats up clean. In the winter season, 

 she was fed with hay, grains, and bran, mixed 

 as before stated, feeding her often, viz., five 

 or six times a day, as was seen proper, and 

 giving her food when milking; keeping the 

 manger clean, where she is fed with grains; 

 not to let it get sour; wash her udder at milk- 

 ing three times with cold water, winter and 

 summer ; never tied up ; lies in or out the barn 

 as she likes ; particularly careful to milk her 

 regularly and clean. Milch cows are often 

 spoiled for want of patience at the latter end 

 of milking them." 



With regard to the merits of the Durham 

 breed, about which such a variety of opinions 

 have been entertained, Mr. Colman expresses 

 himself as follows : 



" The beauty of the improved Durham short- 

 horns and their perfection of form are admira- 

 ble. They come with good keeping early to 

 maturity. They have a tendency to keep them- 

 selves in good condition ; and, with extraordi- 

 nary feeding and care, they arrive at a large 

 size, and some individuals, all points consider- 

 ed, have surpassed any thing within my know- 

 ledge. The Claremont ox, a half-blood Thir- 



