DAISY. 



DANGEROUS ANIMALS. 



dairy in Professor Low's Breeds of British Ani- \ 

 mala, a beautifully illustrated 'work, which 

 should be patronised by all the Farmer's Clubs, 

 as well as by those agriculturists to whom its 

 price is not an object. The following authori- 

 ties may also be aonsulted with advantage : 

 " On the Meadows and Dairies of Holland." 

 (Trans. Hiph. Soc. vol. i. p. 202) ; " Reports up- 

 on Dairy Management," (Ibid.) p. 341 ; vol. ii. 

 p. 254; vol. iv. p. 406); Mr. Aiton "On the 

 Making of Hutter and Cheese in the Dairy Dis- 

 trict of Scotland," (Qi"//V. J<mn>. of Jlgr. vol. v. 

 p. 350, and Com. to Board of Jlr. vol. iv. pp. 

 214-337) ; also the article "Dairy" in vol. viii. 

 Of the Penny Cyc. in Baxter's Lib. ofjgr. Know., 

 and in vol. iii. of British Husbandry, Lib. of Use. 

 Knur.) 



DAISY, COMMON, or DAY'S EYE (Belli* 

 perenms). These large white ir</rA-f/-looking 

 Bowen are so universal in English pastures 

 and meadows, that description is almost need- 

 less. They llower all the year, principally dot- 

 ting tin- meadows early in May; in .March they 

 be-in M hi- roinmon, and after Midsummer to 

 : numerous. The root is slender, and 



the plant flowers from March to September. 

 Doul'le as well us proliferous daisies are com- 

 mon in gardens, and ihe proliferous \ 

 now and then found wild. Domestic"" cattle 

 scarcely touch this plant. Notwithstanding 

 its beauty and its celebration by poets, the 

 thought a blemish or intruder in neat 

 ri .its and can be overcome hv j 



stubbing only. (En if. /'/or. vol. iii. p. 448.) 

 The mo>t common daisies in the United States 

 are thaf called Flea-bane, and by botan. 

 gcnm * . / 



vxed (I <i>). This last has an 



annual root, the stem growing fn.ni ^ix inches 

 to five or six feet in he.ght, very hairy and 

 much branched above. The ilowers are white, 

 and disposed in rays. In the Middle s 

 is a common weed in fields and on roadsides, 

 flowering in August and September. 



The daisy called Flea-bane has a biennial 

 root, as some botanists believe, and is common 

 in pastures and upland meadows, (lowering in 

 June and August. The flower consists of white 

 rays. It is a very common and worthless weed, 

 especially in the first crop of upland meadows 

 after a course of grain crops. (Flor. r,->v.) 



Another species of daisy called the 11<: 



n (E. fHilrkellms), is common on the bor- 

 ders of woods and thickets, where it flowers in 

 the Middle Stales in May and June. Its root is 

 perennial, and the whole plant is somewhat 

 hoary. The rays composing the flowers, which 

 are large, are of a pale bluish purple. 



Some ten or twelve additional species of eri- 

 geron have been found in the United States. 

 (Flor. Cest. ; Nut tail's Genera.) 



DAISY, MOON, or MIDSUMMER DAISY 

 (Cliiystinlhetnutn Icncanthenntm). The Ox-eye 

 Daisy, or tchife-Jloicered chrysanthemum (PI. 10, w), 

 is a vile weed introduced into the United States 

 from Europe. ID many parts of the country it 

 is spread wide and far, constituting a serious 

 nuisance. 



DAM. The mother of any young domestic 

 animal. Also a mole or bank to confine water. 

 See EMBANKMENT. 



DAMSON. A small, useful, black phm, 

 brought originally from Damascus, whence the 

 name. 



DANDELION, COMMON (Leontodon taraxa- 

 cum). A corruption of the French name dent 

 de lean, or lion's tooth. An indigenous, peren- 

 nial plant, growing in meadows and pasture , 

 on roadsides, ditch banks, and indeed every- 

 where. Root tap-shaped, very milky, exter- 

 nally black, diih'cult of extirpation ; leaves nu- 

 merous, spreading, of a bright shining green, 

 quite smooth, and they may be called lion- 

 toothed; flowers one and a half inches wide, 

 of a uniform yellow colour, which blow from 

 April to August, and have the remarkable pro- 

 perty of expanding early in the morning in fine 

 weather only, and closing in the evening. ( /-.'//g. 

 Flora, vol. iii. p. 349.) It is a valuable medi- 

 cine, is aperient, powerfully diuretic, and alte- 

 rative in its qualities, and, if persevered in, is 

 excellent in liver complaints; it must be taken 

 in decoction, or in the form of extract. Its de- 

 obstruent influence in torpid conditions of the 

 liver is striking; but its use must be persisted 

 in tor a considerable length of time. It should 

 now and then be omitted for a few days, as it 

 is apt to dr range the stomach. 



By culture, and especially by blanchiir/.tliis 

 herb, though, like the garden lettuce and en- 

 dive, originally full of bitter milk, becomes 

 suliirientlv mild to be eaten in a salad, nor is 

 its bitterness of a disagreeable kind. In France 

 Ihe roots and leaves are eaten with biead and 



:. The marsh dandelion ( /.. /><,!, -., ,*), is 

 a distinct species, smaller in si/e than the- fore- 

 going, and naturally a bog plant, growing in 

 low boggy meadows. Dandelion is relished |>y 

 goats, and e>pecially by hogs, who devour it 

 eagerly; but shee], and rows dislike it, and 



s totally refuse it. (U'illt>lS.< 1><.>. I'-n-yr.) 

 DANDELION IIAWKIJIT (^//-m /,/,-,/.,- 



^e H v u KHIT. 



DANDKIFF. A species of scurf which is 



brushed out in grooming the horse, and con- 



of scales or portions of the cuticle, or 



scarf skin, detached in its gradual change or 



renewal. 



DANE-WORT, or DWARF ELDER W A LL- 

 WORT (Sambitn<s ebulu*). The green leaves of 

 this European plant have a narcotic smell, and 

 are said to expel mice from granaries; nor will 

 moles come where these leaves or those of the 

 common elder are laid. Cattle will not eat the 

 foliage. Its berries impart a violet colour, and 

 their juice, mixed with vinegar, dyes raw linen ; 

 as well as morocco leather, of an azure blue. 

 (Eng. Flora, vol. ii. p. 108 ; Willirh'* E,<ryc.) 

 This perennial plant is frequently mistaken for 

 the conynon elder. It grows four or five feel 

 high, and dies away every autumn to the 

 ground. The stalks are green and round, very 

 like the shoots of common elder ; but having 

 no woody part about the plant, they rise green 

 from the ground. The leaves are longer than 

 I common elder leaves, and they are serrated 

 round their edges. The flowers are small and 

 white, succeeded by black berries, which the 

 birds rarely suffer to ripen. It roves untilled 

 ground, hedgeways, &c., flowering in summer, 

 and ripening its berries in autumn. 



DANGEROUS ANIMALS. See NUISAKC*. 



r 9 



