GRASS. 



(St*Jair'$ liort. Gram. H'ob. p. 240, 241.) 



The chemical composition of the grasses va- 

 ivnally in the progress of their grov. ,li, 

 well worthy of the farmer's serious 

 11 111 more ways than one. "I found," 

 Hi all the trials I made, the largest 

 quantity of truly nutritive matter when the 

 sct-tl wa.s ripe, and least bitter extract and sa- 

 line matter; most extract and saline matter in 

 the autumnal crop, and most saccharine mat- 

 i-r in proportion to the other ingredients in the 

 crop cut at the time of flowering. I shall give 

 one instance : 



" 100 parts of the soluble matter obtained 

 from the round panicled cock's-foot grass 

 (Dactylit glomcrata), cut in flower, afforded, of 



Sugar - 



Mucilage - - - 

 Extract, saline matters, 



Parti. 



- 18 



- 67 



- 15 



100 



"LOO parts of the soluble matter from the seed 

 *rop, afforded, of 



Sugar - 

 Mucilage 

 Extract, &.c. 



Parts. 

 9 



6 

 100 



" 100 parts of soluble matter from the after- 

 math crop gave, of 



Parti. 



Sugar ........ 11 



Mucilage ....... 59 



Extract 



30 



100" 



(Elm. ofJlgr. Chem. 477.) 



The teedt of the Gratscs. The ripening of the 

 seeds of the essential grasses (says Sinclair), 

 takes place at three different periods of the 

 season, or, if they are classed according to the 

 time about which each species ripens its seed, 

 they will form three divisions or groups ; the 

 first, consisting of the earliest species, pe'.fect 

 their seed about the end of June such 43 the 

 sweet-scented vernal-grass and the aarrow- 

 leaved meadow-grass: the second consisting 

 of the sheep's-fescue grass, and others, about 

 the end of July; and the third, such as the fio- 

 rin grass, and others, about the first or second 

 week in September, as may be seen from the 

 following 



Table of the average periods at which different spe- 

 cie of Grasses ripen their seed, drawn up by the 

 . . >/;//'/ ir,//v>m (he details often years 1 

 practical observation and experiment. (Allow- 

 ance tnu*t be made for difference of climate be- 

 tween England, and America.) 



Annual meadow-grass (Poa. annua P. 6, e, 

 from April 10 to frost*. 



June 

 Sweet-scented vernal grass (JSnthvxanthum 



doratum),P\.6,a 10 to 20 



Soft annual brume-grass (Bromus mnllu), 



PI. 7, b 1220 



670 



GRASS. 



JOM 



Silver-hair, hair-grass (Jiira caryophyUa) - 15 to 90 



Bitter vernal grasa (Jiiithuxanthum awarum) - 15 20 



Sheathed cotton-grass ( Krinphorum vapinatum) 18 20 



Narrow-leaved cotton-grass (E. angustifolium) 20 30 



One-flowered melic-griiss (Melica unijlora) - 18 24 



Spring millet-grass (Jl ilium vernale) - - 18 25 



Alpine meadow-grass (Poa alpina) PI. 6, I - 18 24 

 Narrow-leaved meadow-grass (P. angustifo- 



Jw) PI. 6, e 18 24 



Blue meadow-grass (Sesleria carulea) - - 18 24 

 Meadow foxtail-grass (Jilopecurus pratensis) 



PI. 5,/r 30 



Sweet-scented soft-grass (abortive generally) 



(Holcus odoratus repens) - - - - 20 

 Barley-like fescue (Festuca ovina hordeiformis) 



PI. 6, i - - - - - - June 20 to July 20 



Jidy 



Small-flowered oat-grass (Arena parviflora) - 4 to 10 



Long-flowered (Bromus longijlorus) - - 4 13 



(Jlaiicous fescue (Festuca glaiica) - - - 4 24 



Hungarian (Festuca pannunica) - - - 4 17 



Hard wheat-grass (Vriticumnardus) - - 4 17 



Smooth meadow-grass (Poa pratensis) PI. 5, A 10 17 

 Woolly soft-grass (Holcns lanatus) - -12 24 



Creeping soft-grass (Holcus mollis) PI. 5, c - 14 2C 

 Field or meadow brome-grass (Bromus arven- 



sis) PI.7, a .- 



Jointed fox-tail (Alopecurus geniculatus) - - 7 26 



Bulbous meadow-grass (Poa bulbosus) - 11 



Yellow oat -grass (JJvena pubeacens) PI. 6, b - 15 25 



Bine meadow-grass (I'na carulea) - - 16 



Nodding panicled bent-grass (Bromus tectorum) 16 



Crested dog's-tail (Cyn<>*urus cristatus)P\.6,f 16 30 



Horn of plenty (.Cornucopia cucullatum) - - 16 

 Round-headed cock's-foot grass (Dactylis glo- 



merata) PI. 5. b 19 30 



Glaucous cock's-foot grass (D. glaucescens) - 20 



Striped cock's-foot grass (D. variegata) - 20 



Striped American variety (D. Americana var.) 22 



Wood fescue (Festuca diimetorum) - - - 19 3 



Perennial rye-grass (Lolium perenne) PI. 5, a 15 



Russell-grass (Lolium Russellianum) - - 20 



Reflexed meadow- grass (Poadistans) - - 16 



Rigid meadow-grass (P. rigida) ... 16 

 Rough -stalked meadow-grass (P. Trivialis) 



PI. 5, t 16 



Smooth-leaved fescue-grass (Festuca glalra 



var.) PI. 6, A - - - - - - 12 



Creeping fescue-grass (Festuca rubra} - - 12 25 



Common quaking grass (Briza media) PI. 6, 71 12 20 



Melilot clover (Trifvlium Melilotus officinalis) - 14 



Upright brome-gra'ss (Bromus erectus) - - 20 



Bush vetch ( Vicia septum) - - - - 24 20 



Sheep's fescue-grass (Festuca ovina) PI. 6, k - 28 



Early hair-grass (JHmpraacox) - - - 2 



Water hair-grass (A. aquatica) - - - 26 



Crested hair-grass (Jl. cristata) - 29 



Gigantic brome-grass (Bromus giganteus) - 24 



Slender oat-grass (Arena fragilis) - - - 24 



Eastern oat-grass (A. oriental's) - - - 25 30 



Meadow oat-grass (A. pratensis) - - - 24 



Two-rowed brume-grass (Bromus distachyos) 30 



Wall brome-grass (B. iliandrus) - - - 21 



Tongue-forhied brome-grass (B. ligusticits) - 30 



Large-pani( led hrome-grass (Bromus maximus) 2] 



Flat-spiked brome-grass (B. unioloides) - - 2 



Wood millet-grass (Milhnn tffusum) - - 2 



Brome-like fescue-grass (Festvca bromoides) - 21 



Hard fescue-grass (F. duriuscula) PI. 6, g - 30 



Crested brome-grass (Bromus cristatus) - - 3 



Slender fescue-grass (Festuca gracilis) - - 30 



Slender sheep's-fescue (F. ovina tennis) - - 30 



Meadow fescue-grass (F. pratensia) PI. 5, d d 30 



Slender-leaved fescue (F. tenuifolia) - - 30 



Viviparous fescue (F vivipara) - - - 3 



Sand canary-grass (Phnlaris urenaria) - - 30 



Ciliated melic-grass (Melica ciliata) - - 27 31 



Nerved meadow-grass (Poa nervata) - - 30 



Rye-grass-like fescue (Festuca loliacea), PI. 5,/ 21 

 Lesser meadow cat's-lail (Phleum pratense mi- 

 nus) ....----25 



Linear-spiked (Cynosurus cructsformis) - 



Meadow cat's-tail (Phleum pratense) PI. 5, ft - 25 



Wood meadow-grass (Poa nemoralis) - - 30 

 I Bulbous-jointed cat's-tail grass (Phleum nodo- 



1 sum 30 



Fertile meadow-grass (Poa fertilis) - - 30 



Larger bird's-foot trefoil (Lotus major) - - 30 



Smaller bird's-foot trefoil (L. minor) - - 30 



Capon's-tail fescue (Festuca JMyurus) - - 29 



Sea-green meadow-grass (Pua cassia) - - 27 



Way-hennet, wall-barley (Hordeummurinum) 30 



Thouin's vetch (ficia Tfiouinii) - - - 30 



Welsh fescue-grass (Festuca Cambrica) PI. 7, e 20 30 

 Upright vetch (Vicia slricta) - - - -20 30 



