122 REPORT OF THE No. 



east side, and "Lamarclie" on tlie northeast side. The wooden post is simi- 

 larly marked. This post is also marked "C.L.V.I.M.," and is on the boun- 

 dary line between the districts of Algoma and Nipissing. 



Under the head of timber I beg leave to report the following : 



The kinds of timber fonnd in this township are, in order to their relative 

 ;:lmndance, spruce, poplar, tumarac, white birch, balsam, balm of Gilead, 

 white spruce and cedar. The only place where I found white spruce and 

 ( edar was along the rivers and lakes and small streams. The underbrush 

 consists of moose, male, alder, hardback, cedar and mountain ash, the black 

 spruce is the prevailing timber in this township, and the largest is found 

 along the rivers and lakes, and is consequently scattered, small spruce and 

 tamarac are the only kinds of timber found in the muskegs. There is also 

 a large quantity of poplar and white birch in this township, and is found on 

 higher land. The best of it being scattered, but it is all of sufficient size 

 for pulpwood, and the largest is suitable for lumber. The tamarac is the 

 same as I found last season, being all half dead or dead. The reason of its 

 dying, I learned from an old timer of the country, who says that the result 

 was caused by a small insect. The balsam is nearly all of small dimensions, 

 the largest of it being found along the lakes and rivers. With regard to 

 cedar and white spruce, I beg to say that the best is found along the rivers 

 and lakes, but there is only a small quantity of it in the township. The 

 largest and best timber is found along the banks of the Frederick House 

 river, and is composed of all kinds, and I would recommend that one mile 

 back, from each side of the river for the whole length of the township, be 

 reserved for lumbering. 



There are no rapids or water-falls on the river in this township. The 

 current will average from 1^ to 2 miles per hour. 



The water in the river remained at about the same level until the first 

 week in October. The banks of the river are, for the most part, low, and 

 there are no high cut banks in this township. 



We saw considerable game, principally moose, also numerous partridge, 

 hut no rabbits. We fished in all the small lakes with troll, and hook and 

 line, and caught considerable pike in Warrick Lake. 



Under the head of "Soil," I beg leave to report that I found it to be clay 

 and clay loam. In the lower level there is a heavy growth of moss, then 

 from 4 inches to 18 inches of black muck and then the clay. This black 

 muck holds the water. All the water in this township is good. Clay loam 

 was found on the higher land where there was very little moss. In the mus- 

 kegs where the timber is small, I found a thin layer of moss, then a few inches 

 of muck and then the clay. The muskegs have all clay bottoms. The land 

 in this part of the Province can be easily cleared, as the roots of the trees 

 do not penetrate the clay, but seem to run along between the clay and the 

 muck, and when the land becomes burnt over and drained the stumps can 

 easily be moved. The country, although flat and level, can easily be drained, 

 as the river and stream beds are sufficiently low to afford good drainage. 

 The land along the banks of the river is rolling in places, but for the most 

 part is level. 



Under the head of "Minerals," I beg to report that I foivud no outcropping 

 of rock, nor any wstony land or boulders, and consequently found no trace of 

 minerals. 



The magnetic variation of the compass was very irregular, changing 

 two degrees some places in a distance of ten chains. I foxmd the average 

 variation to be 8 degrees west. 



