1910-11 DEPAETMENT OF LANDS, FOEESTS AND MINES. 57 



I returned to the north-east corner of Township 22, Eange 17, and ran west 

 astronomically a distance of 5 miles 78.95 chains to the east boundary of Township 

 23, Eange 17, which I intersected at a point 20.40 chains north of the 5 mile 

 post, as previously mentioned in this report. From this point I continued due west 

 astronomically a distance of 5 miles 77.17 chains, at which point I intersected 

 the meridian line run in 1898 by O.L.S. Speight, at a point 3.05 chains south 

 of the 48th mile post. In running the last line I intersected the lines run by 

 Messrs, Lang and Eos», Ontario Land Surveyors, during this season, and moved 

 their posts to the points where my line intersected theirs. The points where these 

 posts were planted are shown in my field notes, and in accordance with your 

 request, I have supplied Messrs. Lang and Eoss, O.L.S., with the information 

 necessary to complete their returns. 



Throughout the survey the lines were carefully run and are well cut out and 

 blazed. The posts are all of the best timber available, and stone mounds were built 

 around the posts wherever possible. Some of these mounds are large enough to 

 form permanent monuments for all time. 



An iron post was planted at each township corner and marked with the 

 number of the adjoining township on the side facing the township. The iron 

 post at the south-east corner of Township 9 H. was not marked owing to an 

 oversight. It is planted, however, in a good mound of large stones. 



Astronomical observations were taken very frequently and the details are 

 shown in the field notes at the points where the observations were taken. In 

 running these lines I used a transit with an object glass large enough to take 

 observations on Polaris in the day-time. I also carried* a first-class sidereal watch 

 which I checked at every possible opportunity. By this means I was able to take an 

 observation every clear day, while the work was actually in progress, instead of 

 having to wait for an elongation of the star at night. 



The territory lying within the limits of the survey is practically a virgin 

 forest. I do not think that five per cent, of the total area has been burnt. There 

 is an area of brule extending for some distance along the east bank of the Montreal 

 Eiver, and running back for a mile or more. An area of perhaps three or four 

 square miles has been burnt some years ago near the Batchewana Eiver in 

 Townships 22 and 23, Eange 16. There are also a few small burnt areas here and 

 there, which have apparently been caused by lightning, as they are all far removed 

 from any travelled route and do not in any case cover more than a few acres. There 

 is also some bnil6 of recent date along the north boundary of Townships 23, 

 Eange 17. 



The timber throughout is a mixed growth of spruce, balsam, white birch, 

 jack pine and white pine. There is more or less white pine of good quality scat- 

 tered over the whole area and in many places grows very thickly. This pine 

 occurs mostly in bunches among other timber, but the total amount within the 

 area covered by the survey is very large. There is also a large quantity of splendid 

 spruce along the Batchewana Eivfer in Township 22, Eanges 15 and 16. There is a 

 large quantity of fin:e jack pine suitable for railway ties. 



These townships a,Y3 close to the Montreal Eiver, which is the most important 

 stream, and flows along the west boundary of Township 23, Eange 17, and part of 

 Eange 16. There are several falls on the Montreal Eiver which would make good 

 water powers. One in particular occurs about a mile south of the north-west 

 corner of Township 23, Eange 16. In half a mile, the river falls at least one 

 hundred feet and probably more. This falls is partly east and partly west of 



