1911-12 DEPARTMENT OF LANDS, FORESTS AND MINES. 53 



party followed on July 3rd, overtaking the packers at Marion Lake, and all arrived 

 at the O.L.S. Speight's Base Line, on the Ground Hog River, early on the morn- 

 ing of July 8 th. 



I started my survey at the 18th mile post on this base line, and ran my second 

 meridian line south 18 miles to connect with O.L.S. Smith's survey, but Mr. Smith 

 had not then reached that part of his work, so I blazed several chains ahead of the 

 end of my line to enable him to find it without trouble. 



From a post on O.L.S. Speight's base line on the west shore of Ground Hog 

 River, marked 18 miles, 73.00 chains, my first base line was run 8 miles and 7.00 

 chains east and the north-east corner of township of Penhorwood established and 

 the line continued east to the west boundary of Township of Pharand. 



From the north-east corner of township' of Penhorwood my third meridian line 

 was run south 18 miles, and, as before, the blazing was continued beyond the end 

 of the line to enable him to find it quickly. 



My second base line was begun at the 9th mile on my third meridian and run 

 east to the west boundary of Township of Crothers and west to intersection with my 

 second meridian line at the 9th mile, and continued west 9 miles farther. 



From this last point my first meridian line was run 9 miles north to intersec- 

 tion with O.L.S. Speight'^ base line near his 9th mile post. 



The iron posts provided by your Department were planted at the various town- 

 ship corners according to instructions and marked with the names of the adjacent 

 townships, so far as they were known to me, and with the mileage. 



Wooden posts of cedar, spruce or pine, six inches square or larger, were simi- 

 larly marked and firmly planted beside the iron ones and both securely rocked up. 



Wooden posts similar to the above and properly marked with the mileage were 

 planted at every mile and a half on each line, and the position of every post was 

 established with reference to two bearing trees. 



All lines were well cleared to a good width, and particular attention was paid 

 to liberal blazing of the same. 



The season was very wet and caused much discomfort, which was only partly 

 counter-balanced by the complete absence of blackflies. Owing to the long continued 

 spells of cloudy weather I was unable to take as many observations for azimuth 

 as I wished. Those taken are shown in their proper places in the field notes, and 

 the bearing of the line at each place noted. 



The variation of the compass was found to be about 6°30' west of north. 



General Features. 



The surface of the country included vrithin the limits of this survey may be 

 described as gently rolling, as only on the west line of Township of Hardiman and 

 on the south line of Township of Keith were hills over thirty feet in height encount- 

 ered, and none were precipitous, being for the most part sand ridges. Small lakes 

 and small cedar swamps are very numerous. An area of old brule, grown up with 

 small poplar, spruce, and Banksian pine lies in a north and south direction across 

 the township east of Penhorwood. The south-west corner of Township of Hardi- 

 man lies in a similar brule, and the same was encountered on the south and west 

 lines of Township of Keith. 



Soil. 



A small area of sandy loam in the north-west corner of Township of Penhorwood 

 is suitable for farming, but for the most part the soil, as observed on the lines, 



