96 EEPORT OF THE No. 3 



Demonstration Plantations. 



At this station, about 300,000 young forest trees have been planted composed 

 chiefly of : — white pine, red pine, Scotch pine, jack pine, black locust, red oak, 

 chestnut and white ash. 



The earliest plantings of 1909, in which white pine, Scotch pine and jack pine 

 were planted upon pure sand formations, where the sand was blowing consider- 

 ably, indicate that the best results will be obtained by the use of jack pine and 

 Scotch pine. Many of the Scotch pine and jack pine, which were about twelve to 

 fifteen inches in height at time of planting (1909) are now (1913) from four to six 

 feet in height. Upon the better classes of soil white pine is proving more satis- 

 factory and will be used wherever possible, as its ultimate value makes it more 

 desirable than the other pines. 



A plantation made with black locust in (1909) has not proven altogether 

 satisfactory, although the growth during the first two years was quite remarkable, 

 many trees having reached a height of eight to ten feet. During the last winter 

 these trees were badly killed with the frost and the value of this tree, from the 

 standpoint of hardiness, is as yet uncertain. 



Various experiments are being conducted at this station along the lines of 

 forest planting, which should give valuable data as to cost of planting ; desirability 

 of the various species and general results, which should prove of value in years to 

 come. It is somewhat early to report upon the comparative values of planting in 

 connection with this Avork. 



Forest Tree Distribution. 



In addition to an Experimental Station in Norfolk, it is desirable to demon- 

 strate forest planting throughout the older parts of Ontario. 



The percentage of well-stocked woodlands in Older Ontario is becoming very 

 low. Many counties of Southern Ontario, possess less woodland than is to be 

 found in the older countries of Europe. While the southern part of Ontario is 

 largely made up of valuable agricultural land, there is still a large percentage of 

 untilled soil that should have never been denuded. These waste areas are com- 

 posed of steep hillsides; sandy or gravelly ridges and rocky outcroppings. It is 

 highly desirable that the possibility of reforesting these areas, at a reasonable cost, 

 should be demonstrated throughout Ontario. 



As the necessity and practicability of reforesting is little appreciated in this 

 new country, the Government has been carrying on, since 1905, a system of dis- 

 tributing forest trees to those desiring to plant as outlined in the following 

 circular : — 



CIRCULAR No. 8. 



1. The Department of Lands, Forests and Mines of the Province of Ontario desires 

 to assist farmers to improve their woodlots, and reforest waste portions of the farm. 

 To accomplish this a system of co-operation is to be carried out as follows: 



2. The Department, ^s far as the means at its disposal will permit, will assist in 

 the growing of a forest "plantation or woodlot, by directing through one of its officers 

 as to the preparation of soil, varieties to plant and manner of planting, and as to care 

 after planting. 



3. The Department will also endeavor to furnish seedling trees or cuttings as 

 planting material free of charge, but the person receiving such material shall pay the 

 cost of transportation by express to nearest express office. 1,000 to 2,000 plants will 

 range from 100 to 200 lbs. in weight. This season (1914) the trees will be shipped by 



