NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



JULY 13, l8:j». 



10. Wlielher winter killed or not ; under what 

 I'irciiinslanoes, (is it regards the foruardness or 

 luteiicss of tlici]laiil; ami how afl'ectfcd liy the 

 snow. 



11. VVhetlier attacked Iiy the Hessian fly, or 

 other inseols ; and prevenlivef", if any. 



Wlieat is, in many parts ofllie country, siihject 

 10 injnrv from an insect or worm, whose appear- 

 ance is comparatively recent ; and wl;ose haliits 

 .nre not well ascertained. He is iriaUing dreadfnl 

 havoc in the wlieat refjions, producing in many 

 rases, an entire (bstrnction of extensive fields of 

 ihe most promising; appearance ; and has advan- 

 ced at the rate of ahout forty miles a year. The 

 same insect, it is helieved, though the identity is 

 not perfectly ascertaineil, has attacked harley, rye, 

 and oats vviih alarming success. The cultivation 

 of harley, lias on this account, been abandoned in 

 some parts of the State ; and so has t!ie cultiva- 

 tion of wheat in what have heretofore heen deem- 

 td some of the inost |u-odu(nive wheat regions in 

 New York. 



Inrpiiiies and e.vperiments on this subject, are 

 of immense importance. A perfect preventive or 

 security would be worth millions to the eonntry. 



12. Remedies or protection against blight, or 

 other iiccitient. 



13. The eAtirpatiori of weeds particularly in- 

 jurious to the wheat crop, such as tares, cockle, 

 chess, garlic and the Canada thistle ; and any itia- 

 chinery by which grain may he cleansed of 'foul 

 stuff." 



14. The experience of farmers in the cultiva- 

 tion of wheat crops successively on the same land ; 

 and in sowing clover with the wheat with a view 

 to ploughing it in as manure for a succeeding 

 crop; and whether customarily plovjghed in with 

 the stubble; or depastured ; or mowed for one or 

 more years. 



15. The general subject of sowing grass with 

 grain ; and the value in socli case, of a stubble 

 crop for winter fodder. 



16. Harvesting. 

 Time and state of cutting ; and whether early 



or late cutting be preferable ; the time, in the opin- 

 ion of some persons, making a material difference 

 in the amount and value of the cro)>. 



Rlofles of harvesting ; reaping or cradling; and 

 cost by (lay or piece work ; average amount of a 

 day's work, 



17. Threshing and cleaning. 

 Threshing Machines. Winnowing Machines. 



18. Manufacture of Flour. Various qualities. 

 Number of bushels required for a barrel. Miller's 

 charges and profits. 



19. Construction of mills and flouring Machi- 

 nery. Water, stoam and wind power. Domestic 

 mills. 



20. Value and uses of bran. 



21. " " wheat straw. 



22. Value of a wheat crop compared with oth- 

 er crops. Average yield. 



23. Capacity of the State to furnish its own 

 wheaten lircad. 



24. Experiments and observations in regard 

 to this crop. Causes of its general failure.- 



25. Some general estimate of the quantity and 

 cost of importfid flour consumed in any village, 

 town or county. 



2. Varieties of Flint corn. White ; yellow. — 

 Weight per bushel. Comparative amount of cob 

 and grain in different varieties. 



3. Soils most suitable. Preparation of lan<l. — 

 Crop, if any, which it may best succeed. Fall or 

 spring ploughing. How often may it be repeated 

 on the same laud. 



4. Manuring ; kin<ls of manure most suitable ; 

 qn.intity to the .-icre ; how distributed — in hills, 

 drills or spread — applied green or rotted. 



Lime ; ils value to corn — how applied. 

 Gypsum ; " " " 



Ashes ; " " " 



5. Seed — how selected ; effects of selecting in 

 mcreasing the crop ; how saved ; steeped or sow- 

 ed <!ry ; various steeps ; copperas water ; lye ; 

 roiling in tar ; coating with gypsum or ashes ; — 

 quantity of seed. 



6. Time of planting; modes of |jlanting — in 

 hills or drills ; distance of plants ; protection 

 against vermin or birds. 



Cultivation. Weeding; jiloughing or harrow- 

 ing among corn ; use ef a cultivator ; number of 

 hoeings ; hilling or earthing up. Topping; suck- 

 ering ; stripping; with I lie effects upon tlie crop. 



8. Value of the cornstalks and leaves when ta- 

 ken green : and mode of curing. 



9. Alternate rows of corn and potatoes. Plant- 

 ing pumpkins or turnips among corn. Sowing 

 grain among corn for a succeeding crop. 



10. Harvesting. Gathering by the car ; orcut- 

 ting up and stacking in the field. 



11. Preservation of the grain. Construction of 

 granaries. 



12. Prcserv.ition and com])aralive value of the 

 stover or dried fodder. 



13. Machines for shelling. 



14. Average yield per acre ; value of the crop: 

 cost of cultivation from beginning to readiness for 

 the mill. Kiln-drying. 



15. Value and uses of Indian corn — for dairy 



animals. 



" " " for fattening 



stock. 

 " " " for swine. 



■1 " " for horses. 



" " " for distilla- 



tion. 

 " " " for extrac- 



tion of oil. 

 {Concluded next week.) 



other dangerous symptoms, which other prepara- 

 tions do. n he Doctor's preparation is no myste- 

 rious empirical nostrum, < r poisonous quack rem- 

 edy, but a legitimate proihK^tion, the properties of 

 which he frankly makes known. It has received 

 the approbation of some of the most respectable 

 practitioners of this city, Philadelphia and else- 

 where. Dr MciMimn, in a written paper which 

 he has fui'nished for our [lerusal, has entered at 

 length into the merits of his i/rejiaratioii, as com- 

 pared wiih opium in its natural state, or the arti- 

 ficial condiiuations of acetate, sulphate of mor- 

 phine, &.C. of the French chemists. These last 

 are of uncertain strength, and besides ilo not con- 

 tain the valuable ingredients of narccin and co. 

 dein, which the combination with nieconic acid, 

 in a natural state does. Hence two grains of opi- 

 um in its I atiiral state, are often more (lowerful 

 than morphine as administered. '1 he Elixir also 

 does not deteriorate, and is umjorm, two very im- 

 portant qualities. The virtues of all medicinal 

 salts from vegetables or otherwise, are known to 

 vary precisely according to the acid used, and the 

 natural combination of meconic is found by Doc- 

 tor M. to be infinitely the best in opium. The 

 Elixir may be used in a variet.y of diseases where 

 the constipating and exciting eflectsof the ordina- 

 ry preparations are inadmissible. It may thuS be 

 given to any amount in hydrophobia, tetanus, &c. 

 and will open probably a new field of discovery. 

 jV. Y. Star. 



Indian Corn. 



1. Kinds. Gourd seed. 

 Sweet corn. Flint corn. 



White soft corn. — 



Elixir or Opium. — Dr John B. McMunn, of 

 Orange ceunty, in this state, has made, we are 

 informed, on such authority as we cannot ques- 

 tion, an important discovery in the preparation of 

 opium, which promises to prove of gieat value in 

 medicine. It is the separation of the most effec- 

 tive ingredients in their natural state, viz ; the 

 morphia, codein and narcein in the natural com- 

 bination in which they exist with meconic acid. 

 This preparation, which the Doctor calls Elixir 

 of Opium, iias all the virtues of opium, and none 

 of the very objectionable and deleterious proper- 

 ties which it possesses in the same chemical solu- 

 tions of the morphine, of the French chemists. — 

 Substances in a state of nature, it is familiarly 

 known, are always b ss inimical to animal life, 

 than artificial chemical compounds. Consequent- 

 ly we o'ltaiu by this elixir, the anoilyne soothing 

 properties of this celebrated balm, so universally 

 indispensable in medical treatment, without caus- 

 ing the tremors, constipation, convulsions, and 



LiTE Crops As hay will probably come in 



short this .season, we would urge llie- importance 

 of our farmers giving attention to such other crops 

 as will yet mature. Oats will ripen if sown im- 

 mediately, and the season be favorable ; so will 

 beans, especially the early sort. Tvirnips, the life 

 of English improvement in husbandry, need not 

 be sown till about the first of August, and they 

 afford an excellent fodder for cattle. Peas will 

 also come to maturity, if sown soon. Potatoes 

 will yield a good crop, even if planted as late as 

 the 20th of this month. Farmers, whose grass is 

 short, should endeavor to make u|) the deficiency 

 by putting in some of these crops, 'ihey should 

 remember that they arc called upon by something 

 more than the desire of getting money ; humanity 

 ])leads for it, that the poor may not be so distress- 

 ed the coming winter, as they will likely to bo, if 

 nothing of the kind is done. It seems to us that 

 by a pretty extensive adoption of these late crops, 

 much suffering will be avoided, by rendering pro- 

 visions cheaper, and giving the farmer something 

 to sell. — Greenjield Gaz. 



Apple Bread. — This is something new tinder 

 the sun. The New York Era says that a French 

 officer has invented and practiseil with great suc- 

 cess, a method of making bread with common ap- 

 ples, very far superior to potato bread. After hav- 

 ing boiled one third of peeled ap|iles, he bruised 

 them while quite warm ii.':o two thirdb of flour, 

 including the proper qmmtity of yeast, and knead- 

 ed Ihe wjole without water, the juice of the fruit 

 being quite sufficient. When tlie mixture had 

 acquired the consistency of paste, he put it into a 

 vessel, in which he allowed it to rise for twelve 

 hours. By this process he obtained a very ex- 

 cellent bread, lull of eyes, and extremely palata- 

 ble and light. 



Common lamp-oil will cure the ring-worm. 



