mmm 



AND 



G A 11 D E N E R'S 



I'UHLIf-III'.l) liV JOSEPH IIKKOK A, CO.. NO. 52 NOttl'll iMARKKT S IKKKT, ( Alricultukal Wahehouse. )— T. G. Fr.bSr';Nl>i;iN, ICDITOK. 



\OL. XVI. 



BOSTON, WEDNRSDAY EVENING, JULY 2(i, 1837, 



N. . 3. 



£^^'^^^WiS^WWM£uE>: 



(FrofH the New Vork Karnier.) 

 POUnnETTE. 



Trench mode of Preparation ; its value in France, 



Wp are enahleil liy tin; politeness of an intelli- 

 ont Frenrli f.'cntlenian, to ^ive useful infoinialioii 

 II relation to the moile of preparation, in Paris, 

 if tlii.s vahiiMe niatmre. 



The material, the contents of privies, is taken 

 leyond the litniis of the city, into a large eiiclos- 

 ire, with reservoirs, into which the solid part is 

 lilt, to the ileptli of 18 to 20 inches, when from 

 ino tenth, to one eisrhth in (pmntity of iliy earth 

 3 mixed with it — and then the mass is left to the 

 iiflneiiee of solar evaporation. The letii^th of 

 itne ieqirne<l to carry it throiijrh the process of 

 reparation, varies from one to two, a id soiiie- 

 imes even to three years — which renders it hotli 

 edioiis and expensive; yet so highly is the ani- 

 le valued, hy the agricultural coiniiiiinity, that 

 [ie privilege of the niono|!oly, is sold hy the city, 

 3 the liighest hidder, for periods of nine years 

 ach ; and companies are formed, consisting of 

 itelli^'cnt anil wealthy men, which compete for 

 le privilege of monopoly. The present conipa- 

 y pays to the city of Paris, one hundred and 

 lirty thousand dollars, for the exclusive [irivilege 

 f removing and using th ^ contents of the priv- 

 ;s — the company, of course, hav« the right to 

 harge the proprietors a certain price for the re- 

 loval. 



'J lie esiiinatcd value of tlie article may he read- 

 y understood hy the prices paid in Paris, and the 

 istam-e to which it is carried. The price varies 

 oin six to eight francs the liectolitre, which is 

 qiial to ahont 3 12 cnhis feet, or to two and 

 iglit tenths Winchester hushels ; which will give 

 hoiit an average of 47 to 50 cents per hiishel — 

 ml then i. is trans|)orteil from 60 to 1(0 miles 

 •oni Paris, and even exporteil to the West India 

 dands. 



Chaptal entertained a high opinion of the value 



f this manure, and speaks of it as follows: 



This pulveruient product is .sought forliyoiir 

 igriciilinrifts, «lio acknowledge its good effects ; 

 !t us ho; e, that hecoming more enlightened, they 

 ■ill employ the fecal matter itself, as being more 

 id) ill nutritive principles, and ahounding equally 

 rith salts ; they can easily govern and moder.ite 

 le too powerful actitm of this, hy fermentation, 

 r what is hetter, hy mixing with it p'aster, earth, 

 lid other ahsorhents, to correct the odor." The 

 iggesiinns of Chaptal, induced a distinguished 

 liemisl of Paris, in connexioii with a friend o( 

 is, to uiiilertlike a scries of experiment.*, to as- 

 ertain whether Poudrette could not he made, of 

 qual (piulity, without the necessary delay of solar 

 vap<irution, as in Fianci; ; or hy artificial heal. 

 5 in London — which experiments were, we are 

 Uislied,aliogether successful — and the coadjutor 

 D(J friend of that chemist is now in this city ; 



"iid will undertake the siiperinlendeiice and man 

 agetnent of the scientilii' and mechanical depart- 

 ment of a company in this city, for its manufac- 

 ture, as soon as .f.50''0 more are siihscrihed, to 

 |)rovide tlii; necessary outfit and hiiildings. 



The general hiisiiiess of the company, will he 

 under the superintendence and managHment o( 

 an active iiiisiness man, who will give informa- 

 tion and receive siihscrlplions at this office. 



It has heen ascertained that from one thousand 

 five hundred, to two th iisaiid luishrls may he 

 made per day, in this i-My, from the materials 

 which are now thrown away — ami that it svoiild 

 he worm from twelve and a half, to twentyfive 

 cents per bushel. Taking the lowest quantity 

 and price, it would he worth over one hundred 

 and eighty dollars [ler day, f<>r at least 250 days 

 in the year, the average working time. 



Of the improved process of preparation, we 

 will say that it is simple when understood ; it is 

 "ompleted in from twelve to forlyeight hours, hy 

 the addition of a preparation, or compound of 

 vegetable suhstauces, which disinfects it of, or al- 

 lays the odor, willjoiit deteriorating the quality ot 

 the manure aided hy machinery, which prep.-ires 

 it for use, hy dividing it into particles while dry- 

 ing, from the size of i\ mustard seed, to that of a 

 hen's egg — or it may he rednctd to a poviderand 

 |)ut into ban els, or made into cakes of any size 

 and dried for traiisportution, and then ground for 

 use. 



The entire cost of outfit, includinc teams, ap- 

 paratus, machinery and buildings, for preparing 

 fifteen hundred hushels per day, wid he less than 

 (ilteen thousand dollars; and six thousand ilol 

 lars will commence it on the scale of 500 bushels 

 per ilay. 'I he capital to be entitled to one third 

 of the profits, which will be over four |>er cent, a 

 month — and subscribers to the amimnt of $500, 

 to have the (irivilege of using manure at half the 

 market (irice. 



When in successful operation in this city, mea- 

 sures will be taken to give other cities and large 

 towns, the benefit of so valuable an improvement 

 in city ami agiiciiUiiral economy. 



Any information in our possession, will be 

 checrlully communicated, as our desire is to con- 

 tribute all in our power to the cause of agriciil- 

 tui-e and health. 



P. S. Since writiu,' the .-ibove, we liave rec iv- 

 ed the New Engliiiid Farmer, wliicli contains 

 much iisi fill information on the snhji'Ci, pre|-ared 

 by the Editor of that valuable piiblicati.on, in re- 

 ply to a letter which we addrcs:>cd to him, for 

 wliicli he will please accept of our thanks ; and 

 especially for the medium of commuiiicalion. 



\Ve shall give it place in our next number, 

 with further (acts in relation to its preparation 

 and use, and e^^liinated value in Europe. 



The f<dli wing cummunicutimi should be read 

 and practised upon, by every man in the Union 

 who keeps sheep. It establishes beyond contio- 

 versy, the impoi-tauce of sheltering them during 



winter — and furnishes the proof in a shape not 

 fo he questioned. Our readers, will, we arc sure, 

 unite with us in expressions of thanks to the 

 intelligent writer for what he has given lis, and a 

 request that he will pursue the sdhject, as his 

 avocations will permit, until he shall have con- 

 vinced the unbelieving, and eH'ecte I a reform in 

 this iin|iortarit hiancli of husbandry. — lb. 



KIANAGEMENT OF SHEEP. 



Mk.ssbs Editors: — ! am happy that my com- 

 munications are acceptable to you. I have not 

 exhausted the above subject, and shall therefore 

 continue it. Hut, if'Irhad anticipated | roceeiling 

 thus far, I would have endeavored to have treated 

 the subject a little more metliodically. Farmers 

 are not practised in arranging their thoughts 

 fVir the pre.ss, and this, in a ni«asiire, initst con- 

 stitute my apology for want of order or method. 

 For all niv facts and deductions, thus tiir, 1 have 

 drawn solely upon my own experience, and wliat 

 has falen under personal observation, and for tho 

 presi'nt, shall continue to do so. 



As my [irincipal aim has b en to ifirect atten- 

 tion to the vast importance of protecting sheep 

 during the winter, and having but oi>e more point 

 to dwell upon,! will so'' far recapitulate as to name 

 the advantages restiliing therefrom, and which my 

 experienced has fully confirmed, viz : saving of 

 life — prevention of disease — and the iiiiprovemeiit 

 of the quality of fleece. 



I am highly gratified in being ali^ now to add 

 one more, and, especially in a pecuniary point of 

 view, of the highest importance, vi:< : increased 

 weight of fleece. 



All my shearing, previous to that of ';^6, my 

 sheep liave yiilded only from 2 Ihs. 7 1-2 oz. to 

 2 lbs. 9 oz. per head. This variation, I disrov- 

 cred, was to lie attributed to no other cause, than 

 the difference of winter .seasons, being colder or 

 mi'dT. When the latter, an increased weight of 

 fleece was a certain consequence. The winter of 

 1836 niy sheep were duly protected, ami the yield 

 was an average of 2 Ihs. 10 1-2 oz. per head, riot- 

 with.stamling 300 of the flock were yearlings, 

 which, all wool growers are aware, on account of 

 deficiency of size, yield but light fleeces. Hut 

 this so much exceeded any former yiehl, I was 

 vvell persuaded it was to be ascribed to warm slieU 

 tei-s. I forbore, however, to mention this in my 

 last communication, preferring to wait until the 

 present clip was off", hut fully conlirmed in the 

 belief that my hopes would he realized of i.n in- 

 creaserl average weight beyond that of last year. 

 I am ha|)py to .say that my hopes were well foun- 

 ded, and have been more than confirmed, 'the 

 nuitiber of my flock sheared, amounted to 1751, 

 and the entire product is 5082 Ib.s., making an av- 

 erage of over 2 M's. 14 oz. per head. With all 

 those, doubtless, who are inexperienced in grow- 

 iiia of fine sheep, this may seem not an extraor- 

 dinary yield ; but those who arc, know that it is, 

 and tin t fine fleeces and light, go hand in hanil. 

 At all events, taking into view the same number 



