42 



-NEW ENGLAND FARMER, 



JULY 3(5, 18:{r. 



Sri2W ISgF<SlL^Sr2> 2f <^5SiffilSSia 



BOSTON, WEDNESDAY, JULY 26, 1837. 



Notice to Subscbibebs. — We shall forward to our 

 subscribers, in this and tlie next vvtck's paper, their 

 W.Ws for the N. E Farmer, including the present yeur, 

 in advance. 



Miinj ot" uiir patrons have always bi:en remarkable 

 for their punctuality, and we give them tlianks for prac- 

 ticing so great a virtue. 



We wish we could include all otfr subscribers in this 

 d. vision of payers. We are soiry to say that there are 

 some delinquents who owe for tliiec, five, eight or ten 

 years. It would be very acceptable at this time, to re- 

 ceive some of those old arreages, and as we shall be 

 Batisficd with any good current bills, we trnst those wiio 

 are behind hand, will forward us without delay by mail, 

 and at our risk, the amount of their bills. 



We have, for the sake of convenience in remiitlnEj, 

 charged $5 fcT the past and present year, although we 

 are entitled to 50 cents in addition, where the subscrip- 

 tion is not paid within ti.\ty days from the conimence- 

 nient of the year. 



There are some who may , perhaps, receive tlieir bills, 

 who have recently paid our agents. If so, they will 

 please to make an allowance for our not being apprised 

 of such payments. 



bands the length of the straw, iliaii so thick as to re- 

 quire tvvit ler'iglhs to be joined by bands. The sheaves 

 are set up in skocUs or stnoUs, each containing twelve, 

 or if the straw be long, fourteen sheaves. In the latter 

 case, two rows of six sheavts are made to stand in such 

 a manner as tobe in contact at the top, though in order 

 to admit the circulation of air, they are placed at some 

 distance below : along tin? line, two sheaves more are 

 plased as aeoverinjr, the grain end nf both towards the 

 extiemities of the line. In a few days of good weather 

 the crop is ready for the barn or stack yard Jii the 

 stack yard it is built either in oblong or circular stacks, 

 sointtinies on fr imes supported to prevent the access of 

 vermin, and to secure the bottom from dampness; and 

 as soon afterwards as possible, the stacks are neatly 

 thatched. When tlie harvest weather is so wet as to 

 render it difficult to prevent the stacks from heating, it 

 has been the practice to make funnels through them, a 

 large one in a central and perpendicular direction, and 

 small lateral ones to communicate with it. In the best 

 cultivated counties, the use of large barns for holding 

 the crop is disapproved o(, not only on account of the 

 expense, but because corn [grain] keeps better, or is 

 less exposed to damage of any kind, in a well built 

 stack." 



KAKMEK'S WORK. 



Harvestiso. — It IS a correct general rule, to reap 

 wheat and rye before they become dead ripe. The pro. 

 per time is when the straw begins to shrink and become 

 white about haif an inch below the ear. This appjar- 

 ance indicates that the grain has ceased to receive nour- 

 ishment from its roots ; and by cutting too late, the less 

 is considerable, both in the field and under cover. By 

 cutting early, provided the grain is not taken to the 

 barn or stack too grieu, tlie follow ing advaiit.-igcs.will 

 be gained ; 1st. The grain will make more and whiter 

 flour. 2d. Tliere will be less wasted by the grain's 

 shelling. ;!d. By commencing harvest early, you will 

 have a lairer prospect of finishing before the last cut- 

 tings will become too ripe, so that much of the gain 

 will shell out in reaping and securing ilie crop. lib. If 

 yon cut your grain as soon us it will answer, the slravv 

 end cliaHT will cimtain much more nourishment, than if 

 it were bleached and made brittle by the sun, air, dew 

 and rain, all of which combine to deprive it of most of 

 its value for fodder. 5th. Should you plough in your 

 stubble soon after harMst, or mow it, and secure it for 

 fodder or litter, (either of which modes of management 

 would be perfectly according to the rules of good hus- 

 bandry,) the stubble will make much better food for 

 your cattle, or manure for your ground, tlian if it had 

 yielded ail its swr;ets, and much of its substance to the 

 sun, air and wet weather. 



If your wheat or rye is much affected by blight or 

 rust, It should be cut, even while siill in the milk, and 

 exposed to the sun and air till the straw is sufficiently 

 dry, and the grain so much hardened, that it may safe- 

 ly be deposited in the bain or stack. The heads in such 

 cases should be so placed by the reapers as not to touch 

 the giound. This rnay be done by placing the top end 

 of each handful on the lower end of the preceding one. 

 liOudon gives the following directions for harvesting 

 wheat : 



"The mode of reaping wlii'at is rilmnst universally 

 by the sickle. Wlien cut, it is usually tied up in sheaves, 

 which it is better t<> make so small as to be done by 



To OBTAIN NEW AND IMPHO^D KINDS OK WhEAT 



The same autlior above quoted, observes that to pro- 

 cure new varieties of wheat, the ordinary mode is to 

 select from the field a spike or spikes, which has the 

 qualities sought for ; such as larger grains, thinner chafl', 

 stifl'er straw, a tendency to earliness or lateness, &.c. } 

 and picking out the best grains from this ear or ears, to 

 sow tlicm in a suitable soil, in an open, airy part of a 

 garden. When the produce is ripe, select the best ears, 

 and frbm these, the best grains, and sow these, and so 

 on cil^' a bushel or more is obtained, which may then 

 be so-^n in a field apart from any other wlieat. In this 

 way many of the varieties of our common winter wheat 

 have been obtained ; as the hedge-wheat, which was 

 reared from the produce of a stalk found growing in a 

 hedge in Sussex, by one Wood, about 1790. Oilier va- 

 rieties have assumed their distinctive marks from hav- 

 ing been long ciilliv; ted in the same soil and climate, 

 and lake local names, as the Hertfordshire red and Es- 

 sex white, Ac. 



f l'»*r tlie iNew I^ngtaiul rarmcr.) 

 BOSTOX LAtlKKKY AT KBWTON. 



Having noticed the advertisemenis f 'r the sale of this 

 [iropeity, wiiich is to lakt^place at Brigg's reaWing room, 

 lioston, in Augus-t next, at 12 o'clock, noon, we are in- 

 duced to make some remarks respecting it ; and we ate 

 the more ready to d'l this, as we were acquainted with 

 the views of the projector, from its coiiimenceinein. — 

 We have seen and examined this establishment in all 

 its parts. The public seem not to understand that there 

 Is any novelty or originality in this undertaking, and 

 may be surprised to learn there is no washing establish- 

 ment upon the same pl.in,in this, or any other country. 

 There are washing cajnpaiites in London and Paris, and 

 other large cities in Europe and this country ; but none 

 upon t!ie labor-saving plan of (lie one at Newton, 'i'his 

 is altogellurr a new thing, ant! upon a new plan. IVIany 

 of my readers can recollect when cotton manufactories 

 were considered of doubtful utility ; and how many 

 failed.' We oursrdves, reinember when it was a great 

 thing to get wool carded by machinery ; and farmers 

 would send their wool so be <:aided,and have it return- 

 ed in rolls, to be .spun in their families. 



Family washing in a city like this, is a great busi- 

 ness j and the scarcity of pure water renilers it particu- 

 larly desirable to have it done in the country ; and to 

 have it performed in so cheap a manner, as to make it 

 for the convenience and interest of every family to gel 

 rid of the inconvenience of it in their houses. 



Every fiimily is more or less incommimded about one 

 third of tlie year, by washing and ironing. The gen- 

 tleman who arranged the Laundry at Newton, intended 

 to do a great work. — He expected to wash 2 or 3000 

 dozen per week. Not only the washing, but a great 

 part of the ironing, was to be done by machinery, and 

 by water power ; and in this way, to make a great sav- 

 ing of nranual labor. His arrangements were judicious- 

 ly made to effect this objrct, which would have been 

 g lining a great desideratum in the aniials of house- 

 keeping. He inCdnded to have it upon the plan of a cot- 

 tonor woollen manufactory, or a bleacliery ; and to have 

 it governed by similar rules and regulations. There is 

 no question with those who have se» n the process, but 

 what washing can be done by machinery, with much 

 less wear and tear to the articles, thai, by hand ; and a 

 great portion of the ironing can be done in the same 

 way, thus making a great saving in manual labor. 



We regret thai the proprietor was com[ielled, by the 

 pressure of times, and disappointment in the aid he was 

 encouraged to expect, to close his work,al the rerymo- 

 ment when every thing was completed, and ready to go 

 into full operation. We have been expecting ihatsome 

 of our wealthy gentlemen would purchase the concern, 

 and enable the proprietor to carry it on as it was origi- 

 nally intended. It will probably be sold for less than 

 one half what it cost. It seems a damper on enterprise, 

 than an individual should be allowed to suffer so great 

 a loss in getting uji an institution for the convenience 

 of the public, when it is acknowledged by all judges, to 

 have been judiciously arranged, and well adapted to the 

 purposes for which it was intended. And notonly thai, 

 but much originality and ingenuity displayed in the de- 

 sign and construction of the machinery. We are not 

 aware that it would be agreeable to the proprietor to 

 take any fiart or portion in this business again. He has 

 resumed his profession, and we understand that his pa- 

 t.entsare very glad to avail themselves of his profession- 

 al services. We, however, see no way by which he 

 can be reimbursed for the money he has expended, ex- 

 cept by being eiuibled by some benevolent gentleman or 

 company to put this concern into full operation accord- 

 ing to his original plan, or a company of benevolent in- 

 dividuals purchasing it at cost. 



MASSACHUSETTS HORTICULTURAIi SOCIKT"i'. 



EXHIBITION OF FRUITS. 



Saturday, July 22, 1837. 



The tables of the Society were well filled to-day with 

 a variety of fruits. The Gooseberries in particular we 

 have never seen look finer. They were very large and 

 perfectly free from tlie mildew, which has been so de- 

 structive to the fruit in former years. 



The Downer Cherry exhibited by IVIr Uowner, who 

 originaied this variety, was excellent fruit, large and of 

 rich flavor. The specimens were from the original tree, 

 which, iVIr Downer informs us. has never failed to pro- 

 duce a good crop of fruit. 



From J. G. Thurston, Lancaster — very large Goose- 

 Kerries — not named 



From J. L. L. F. Warren — late scarlet Strawberries, 

 desirable as a late variety. Large and handsome Goose- 

 berries of the following sorts : Washingtoniau, Lancas- 

 ter Lad, and Fair Maid of I'erth. Mr Warren also ex- 

 hibited a fine head of early Cauliflowers. 



