56 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER 



AUGUST 33, 183r. 



MltS'&^lL^J^^WWj, 



DR. FRANKLIN'S 



Opinion of the ahilily of Government le regulate 



currency, and give stabilih/ to trade, published 



in 1774. 



"it is iin|)ossil)lu for Go\orniii(;iit to ciiciiiii- 

 scribe or fix t'le uxteiit of paper credit, wliicii 

 must of course fliiciiiiitc. Government inay us 

 well pretend to Iny down rn!es for the oj'eralions 

 orllie confidence of every individuid, in tlie course 

 of iiis trade. Any seeming temporary evil aris- 

 in;;, iriiist naturally woik its own cure. 



"Exchange by bills between one country or city 

 and another, we conceive to be this: One per.son 

 wants to f:et a sum from any country or city, con- 

 sequently lias his bill to sell : another wants to 

 send a sum thither, and therefore agrees lo buy 

 Btich bill or draft. lie lias it at an agreed price, 

 which is the course of the exchange. It is with 

 iliis price for bills as with merchandize — when 

 there is a scarcity of bills in the market, they are 

 ilear, when ideuty, they are cheap. We think it 

 necessary to offer a few words, to destroy an er- 

 roneous [irinciple that has misled some, and con- 

 fused others ; which is, that by authority, ii cer- 

 tain par, or fixed price of exchange, should be 

 settled between each respective country, thereby 

 rciidering the currency of e.xchange as fixed as 

 the standard of coin. We have before hinted, 

 that plenty and scarcity tnust govern the course 

 of exchange ; which principle, duly considered, 

 would f-uffici! on the subject ; but we will add 

 that no buirian foresight can absolutely judge of 

 tlie almost numberless fluctuations of trade, which 

 vary, goiiietimes ilirectly, sometimes indirectly, 

 between countries 5 coiisetjuenlly, no State or po- 

 tentate can liy authority, any mere jiretend to set- 

 tle the currency of the several sorts of nierciian- 

 dize, sent to and from their resjiective dominions, 

 than they can a par < f excliange. That the wis' 

 doin of Government should weigh and nicely con- 

 siller any proposed regulation on tliese principles, 

 we hun.!^.'" '"''=° '° ''" self-evident, whereby may 

 1)8 seen that' it coinci.ies u'.'''' "'^ general good.,— 

 Solomon HiUiseth not to counsel with a merchant 

 for gain. This, we presume, relates to the mer- 

 chant's own i)articular (irofit, which, we rejieat, 

 must ever be the spring of bis aclion.s, 



" I'erhaps, in general, it would be better if Gov- 

 ernment meddled no farther with trade than to 

 protect it, ai?d let it t!»ke its own course. Most 

 of tlie etalutes, or acts, edicts, arrest.s, and pla- 

 cards of Parliaments, Princes and States, for reg- 

 ulnting, directing or restraining of traders, have, 

 we think, been cither political blunders, or jobs 

 obtained by artful men for private advantage, un- 

 der pretence of public good." 



APPROPRIATE SPHERE OF WOMAN. 



BT REV. M. WINSLOW. 



The approiiriate sphere and distinguishing du- 

 ties of woman are then as follows. Having given 

 herself up to God, her first duty is to take care of 

 her own house. Having severely rebuked the 

 conduct of those who, leaving the domestic du- 

 ties, wander about from house to house, idle, tat- 

 tlers, busy bodies, speaking things which they 

 ought not, the apostle aihls, 'I will therefore, that 

 the younger women marry, bear children, guide 



the hou.se ; give no ( ccasion to the adversary to 

 speak reproachfully.' — 1 Tim. v. 14. Nor lei any 

 woman pronounce this an invidious and menial 

 sjihere of duty. Let her but consider how much 

 the hap|iiness of society, and the progress ot the 

 world in all that is good, depend upon domestic 

 causes ; let her also know in what admiration she 

 is held by those whose respect is most to be val- 

 ued, who, on entering her house, behold an abode 

 of neatness, order, cheerfulness and hospitality ; 

 her children well clad and smiling, her table neat- 

 ly spread with wholesome provisions, and every 

 tiling about her seeming to say, ' Here is my hap- 

 piness; my husband is my best companion, my 

 children are my jewels ; my house is my home, 

 and 11(1 earthly pleasure excels that of rendering 

 it a do!i;eslic paradise — a centre of attraction to 

 my family, so that they are no where else so hap- 

 py ; a place too, of welcome an<l grateful recep- 

 tion to the stranger,' — and she will see that this 

 is second to no other secular sphere for lionor or 

 for imp(U-tance ; that she has no occasion to cov- 

 et the chairs o( state, or the noisy scenes of pub- 

 lic action. She will be satisfied with the inspired 

 description of woman in her true glory — altlioiigh 

 the progi-e.ss of art has somewhat changed her 

 occu|iation, yet the general duly is still essential- 

 ly the same — ' She layeth her hands to the spin- 

 dle, and her hands hold the distali'. She stretch- 

 eth out her bund to the poor, yea, she reacheth 

 (brth her hands the needy — she is not afraid of 

 the snow for her household ; for all her house- 

 hold are covered with scarlet. She inaketh her- 

 self coverings of tapestry ; her clothing is silk and 

 purple. Her husband is kno«u_ in the gates, 

 when he sittetli among the elders of the land.' — 

 Observe the husband, not the wife, is seen in the 

 gates, the jilaces of concourse, and is known by 

 his respectable appearance imparted by the do- 

 mestic virtues of his wife ; so that all who see 

 him say, ' There is the man who has a good wife 

 to take care of liiin.' 'She niaketh fine linen, 

 and selleth it; and delivercth ginlles unto the 

 merchant. Strength and honor are her clothing; 

 atid she shall rejoice in time to come. She open- 

 eth hev mouth witii wisdom ; and in her tongue 

 is the law of kindness. She looketh well to the 

 ways of her hovsehold, and eateth not the bread 

 of "idleness. Her children arise up, and call her 

 blesseil ; her husband also, an,') he praiseth iter. 

 Many daughters have done virtuously, but thou 

 excellest them all.'— Prov. xxxi. 



While thus administciing neatness, order; com- 

 fort and happiness to her household, her hands 

 may also jjo forth to emiirace the poor and the 

 afllicied ; she may, as did the holy women who 

 attended on the ministry of Christ aiid his apos- 

 tles, make coats anil garments for the destitutCj 

 and visit the houses of sorrow and want, with her 

 tender sympathies and benevolent aid. Tons the 

 same passage of scripture which describes the 

 domestic virtues, says also, as we have seen, — 

 ' She stretcheth out her hand to the poor ; yea, 

 she stretcheth fortli her hands to the needy.' 



Electro-Magnet Machine — The New York 

 Weekly Courier of the 5th inst., contains an able 

 dissertation on this wonderful power, from which 

 we extract the following : 



" Evon, as we before observed, if no greater 

 power were attainable than what they are now 

 daily exhiliiiiiig; what we had ourselves the oth- 

 er day the pleasure of seeing in full and trium- 



phant operation — they have invented a machine, 

 which is capable of being ajiplied more economi- 

 cally to a vast variety of manufacturing purposes 

 than any other known power. For goldsmiths' 

 and silversmiths' lathes — silk and fitlier reels — 

 lor cotton spindles — for an infinite variety of pol- 

 ishing purposes — for glass cutters — (or ivory tur- 

 ners, &c. &c., it is an invaluable power. In il- 

 lustr.ition of this, we may mention the fact that 11 

 goldsmith of this city, who witnesse<l the opera- 

 tion of the smaller mar.hine, oti'ered the proprie- 

 tors $25 for it, for his own manufacturing purpo- 

 ses. Such machines, it is (supposed, might be 

 constructed for live or six dollars. The larger 

 machine makes from IflOO to 1200 revolutions per 

 minute. 



The Great American Lakes. — Relative Ex- 

 tent, Elevation, S^-c. — 1 he Ontario is 180 Hiiles 

 long, 40 miles wide, 500 feet deep, and its surface 

 is computed at 231 feet elevation above the tide 

 waters at Three Rivers, 270 miles below Cape St. 

 Vinceiit. 



The Erie is 270 miles long, 60 miles wide, 130 

 feet deep, and its surface is ascertained to be near 

 565 feet aliove the tide water at Albany. 



"^i'lie Huron is 250 niiles long, 100 miles average 

 breadth, 900 (eet dee|), and its surface is near 595 

 feet above tide water. 



The Michigan is 400 miles long, 50 miles wide, 

 depth and elevation same as the Huron. 



Green J5ay is about 100 miles long, 20 miles 

 wide, depth unknown, elevation the same as Hu- 

 ron. 



Lake Superior is 480 miles long, 100 miles av- 

 erage width, 900 feet deep, and its surface is 648 

 feet above tide water. 



Jiottom of Lake Ontario, 269 feet below the 

 surface of tide water. 



Huron, 365 do. 



-Michigan, 305 feet do. 



Superior, 305 feet do. 



Erie is 455 feet above the surface of tide wa- 

 ter. — JVonvich Adv. 



Parch half a pint of rice until it is brown, — 

 tben boil it as rice is usually done. Eat slowly, 

 and it will stoji the most alarming diarrhtea. 



THE NEW EaJGl.AND FARMER 



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AGENTS. 



AVtP Kent — G C. Thorbukn, 11 Jolin street. 

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 flnluiletuhia — I). ^- C. LAMJBKTH,!i5 Ciiesnnl-slreet. 

 Jiuf.imurc — publisher of American Fanner. 

 CiiivimialiS.C. 1'akkhukst,23 Lower Market street. 

 Middlelnutj , V'(.— Wight CHArHi.-i , iMercl.anl, 

 Taunton, iUass.— Sam'l O. Dunbar, Bookseller, 

 Harl/ord — (iooiiwiN Sf Co. Uooksellers. 

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 Portsmouth, N. W.— John W. I'ostek, Uookseller. 



^^^OOllslOCll, V'/.— J. A. I'RATT. 



liraltleboro' — Jos Stekn, liookselicr. 



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