A IN I) G A 11 D E N E il'S J () IJ U N A L . 



I'UliLISIIL;!) liV JO.SEPH HRKCK & CO., NO. 5"2 NOKTH MARKKT SIKKET, (AiiHicuLi uhal VVah khuusk.)— T. O. FEbSKNOLN, KDITOK 



vol.. XVI. 



BOSTON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 27, 1837. 



Nt . 12. 



^■<SSSiIK^WJL^WIB^lS.a 



fFrorH tile Troy Wliifz.) 

 THE H r S B A N D ni A N . 



Tliere id one |)n:vai!inf; rrror timong this class 

 of society, wliicli oiight to bn eradicated and de- 

 stroyed — it is more fatal to the liiisiness of agri- 

 culture than the growth of Canada tliistles, or tiie 

 (hjstructioii of May frosts — we tneaii the neglec- 

 ted eihication of the f-irnier's children. It is fre- 

 quently reuiarUed that education is of little use to 

 the farmer ; a very little science will do for hiui. 

 Great knowledge is only beneficial in the profes- 

 sional man. Ex|)iossions of this sort are founded 

 upon a false esliioate of one of the most useful 

 and elevated professions of life. 



If the habitual business of the cultivator does 

 not afl'ord the mental powers a Held for their must 

 extended exercise, we know not v\ here to look for 

 such a field. 'I he study of agriculture unites to 

 the theory of science, the very essential material 

 of its practical parts. It makes the study exper- 

 imentally and truly learned. 



Nearly every thing that is useful in ourpilgriiu- 

 age through life is drawn frun the earth. 'Ihe 

 main use of science is to explore the minuti.ne of 

 nature, to fuhom its secret caverns, and to hnng 

 forth the hidden [lossessions of the earth into cmii- 

 prehensihle identity. When; then is the ocvipa- 

 tion that so richly furnislies a iierpetual supply of 

 mental food as that of agriculture. In the con- 

 stant exercises anil every day labor of the farther 

 the business of his science is progressing, if his 

 intellect has been set right in the education of his 

 youth. Ihe theory is all essential, for this con- 

 stitutes the implement by which he is to jn'ose- 

 cntc the study of human nature to its jiiacticiil 

 utility. 



A man cannot go forth upon the land with any 

 wood degree of promise in scientific exi)eriinent, 

 without the light of past experience upon his path- 

 way, and this he can only obtain liy a passage 

 through the literary institutions of tlie country, 

 where the results of the labors of the learned for 

 iges are collected together and made accessible 

 ;o the student. To atteni|it a prosecution of the 

 iciences independent of the past experience, as 

 ive souietitTies incline to consider ourselves, would 

 !je vain. There is scarcely a valuable discovery 

 jf modern times, but has borrowed something 

 if its proportions or utility from the mind of an- 

 iquity. 



That the farmer by a scientific cultivation of 

 lis land, can increase to a very great extent its 

 iroductions, there does not exist a rational doubt. 

 \nd that the time is coming when there will be 

 ictiial necessity for this increase of production, 

 here is every appearance. It is therefore not on- 

 y wise and expedient to commence or carry on 

 low, but it is a high duty which is owed to pos- 

 erity, in consideration of all the ble.ssinga which 

 las^ ages have bequeathed us. 



Permit us, therefore, in our liiinible way, to 



impress upon the minds of the farmers the very 

 great usefulness nf education. Give youi sfjiis 

 and daughters n<it the les.s eilucali 'U because you 

 design them for riual life and agrieiMtu'al pur- 

 suit. If you are able, educate them — they will 

 find abundant emp'uyment for all their science 

 though their farms he located in the deep wil- 

 derness of the west ; though they be cast amid 

 barren rocks and sterile sainl plains, science will 

 aid them there. 



Not a bl.-ule of grass nor a spear of gr.iin but 

 will grow better under the cultivation of iuteilec- 

 tiial care. Not a flower, but wiil show beauties 

 to the eye of science, which the vulgar wor'd 

 knows not of. Not a vine but rears finer, and 

 proiluces more where educated hanils superintend 

 its giowtli. In short, .-dl natuie is beautified, im- 

 proved and bettered, where the cultivator is no 

 stranger to its jiroperties and the science of its 

 developments. 



Fanners give your children education. It is the 

 only earthly iidieritatice you can becpieath tliem 

 that is beyond the reach of accident. All other 

 human property is constantly changing and transi- 

 tory. Science is not transferable — not like the 

 mutability of other goods, negotiable ; firm and 

 unshaken by human vicissitude, it will be the 

 enduring companion of your children through life, 

 it will suji'iiort them in all the afilictions of i'rov- 

 ^dentiul tliastisement, aird piC] .-ire tliein for an 

 inliKiitance in that undwcovered country beyond 

 the land of death. 



SCIENCE. 



NEW AND BEAUTIFUL I.\ VI -NTIO.N. 



AVhen in London a few days ago, we learned 

 that an eminent scientific gentleman is at present 

 engaged in maturing an invention which promis- 

 es to lead to the most astonishing results, and to 

 exert a vast influence on the future progress of 

 society. It is an Electric Tdegr/iph, l\\c..\>owcr:i 

 of which as much surpass those of the common 

 instrument bearing that name, as the art of print- 

 ing surpasses the picture writing of the Mexicans. 

 The Telegraph consists of five wires, enclosed in 

 a sheath of India Rubber, which isolates them 

 from each other, and protects them from the ex- 

 ternal air. A galvanic pile or trough is placed 

 at the one end of the wires, which act upon nee- 

 dles at the other; and when any of the wires is 

 put in communication with the trough, a motion 

 is instantly produced in the needle at the other 

 extremity, which motion ceases the moment the 

 connection between the wire and the trough is 

 suspended. The five wires may thus denote as 

 many letters ; and by binary or ternary combina- 

 tions, the six and twenty letters of the alphabet 

 may easily be re))resented. By a simple mechan- 

 ical contrivance, the communication between the 

 wires and the trough may be established and stop- 

 ped as the keys of a piano forte are touched by 

 the hands of a practised musician, and the indi- 

 cations will be exhibited at the other end of the 

 chain of wires as quickly as they can be read oft". 



Ill the experiments already made, the chain uf 

 wires h.-is been extendeil to a length of five miles, 

 (by forming nnmerons coils within a liiniied snr- 

 ra<'e ;) and the two ends beintr p'aced near each 

 other, it is found that the tnmsiuissioii of the elpc- 

 iricity i.s, so far as the human senses can discern, 

 'perfertlil iiisliinlaneous. Little doubt is entertain, 

 eil that it may be conveyed over a hundred or a 

 ihousHiid miles with the same velocity ; aiid the 

 powers of the instrument promise to be as L^reat 

 as its action is rapid. It will not be confined, 

 like the comiiKUi telegraph, to the transmission of 

 a few sentences or a short message, and this only 

 in the ilay time, in cletir weather, and by repeat- 

 ed operations, each consuming a porti<Mi of time, 

 fi)r while it works by night or by day, it will con- 

 vey intelligence with the speed of thonghi, and 

 with such copiousness and ease, that a speech 

 slowly spoken in London might he written down 

 in EdinbiM'gh, each sentence appearing on paper 

 within a few minutes iifter it was luiered four 

 hundred miles olf ! There may be practical ilif. 

 ficulties attending its operation as yet nnknortn ; 

 but we spuak here of what intelligent men ac- 

 (]tiainted with the experiments now in progress, 

 look forward to as their- probable result. If the 

 |)romise these experiments hold out be realized, 

 the discovery will be perhap.^ the grandest in the 

 annals <.f :he world ; and its « ft'eiis will he such 

 as no t.._ff..s of 'I'O it.":'.; ">.■!■ "i" ■ ieipritr- A 

 cajiital like London, with these electric nerves 

 ramifying from it over the whole country, would 

 be truly the scnsorium of the einj ire. flien a 

 thousand miles from each other woiihl be enabled 

 to converse as il' they were in the same ajiart- 

 ment, or to read each other's thoughts as if they 

 were written in fue sky. It would supersede the 

 post, even though carried with railroad speed. — 

 Compared with it. the winged winds that "watt 

 a sigh from Indus to the Pole," would be lazy 

 messengers. In a dts|)otic country, it would in- 

 vest the Prince with Mimeihing like omniscience; 

 in a free slate, spread a thought or an impidse 

 from one extremity to the other in an instant, and 

 give the people a power of simultaneous action, 

 which would be irresistible. It is proper to add 

 that the author must not he held answerable for 

 our account of his invention, as we had no com- 

 munication eWher with himself or any of his 

 friends. Our informant, however, was a man of 

 science. — The Scolsman. 



Sale of Cattle. — Our Agricultural readers 

 (says the National Gazette) will doubtless he grat- 

 ified to learn some parlirulars respecting the ex 

 tensive sale of Cattle, which took [dace on the 

 12th inst.at Powelton,and therefore we give them 

 Ihe following details, for which we are indebted 

 to the courtesy of the auctioneers, Messrs Thomas 

 & Son. Upwards of two thousand persons were 

 present on the occasion. Of the amounts as n< ar 

 as can be ascertained, about four thousand four 

 hundred dollars were purchased for, and by gen- 

 tlemen of Ohio; three thousainl six hundred by 



