I4'J 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER. 



NOV. 8. I«W. 



(For the New Englaml TiiriTier.) 



MASS. HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



E.XHIBITION OF FRUITS. 



Saturday, Oct. 28, 1837. 



Penis. — From Wrn. Oliver, Esq., from liis es- 

 tate ill Dorchester, — Wilkinson^ fine. 



Froiri Mr S. Pnn(l,from hisgarilen in Camliridge 

 port, — lieiirre ni<l, ."i fine specimen of this fine 

 kind. I!y Wr Pond, from the garden of Royal 

 Douglass, E.>iq., — S|iecimens of a large and very 

 beautiful fruit, miscalled Golden Benrre, a break- 

 ing fruit, 



By MrVose, President of the Society, — Wil- 

 kinson. 



By Mr Walker, — English Autumn Bergamot, 

 a good fruit. 



By Joiintlian D. Bradley, Esq., of Brattleboro' 

 Vt., — A beautiful and excellent fruit, evidently, 

 and to all ajipearance, the old St. Michael, and 

 perfectly fair. 



By Rlr Manning, from his Pomological garden, 

 Dearborn street, Salem, — Popes Quaker, oblong 

 and pear shaped, covered with brown yellow rus- 

 set, a good fruit and benrre; about as good as 

 capsheaf Styrian, a second rate fruit, and bears 

 an abundant 2d crop. Burgamotte d'Antomne, 

 of Duliamel, a good fruit. Alpha, [Lond. Hort. 

 Soc. Cat.] the first and only fruit. Cumberland. 

 These two last were exhibited at a previous meet- 

 ing. Also, a new Pear from seed, by Joseph S. 

 Cabot, Esq. of Salem ; a regular formed fruit be- 

 low medium size, pear shaped, of the same form 

 as the Epiue d'Ete, or of the Jargonelle Epargne, 

 of a yellow color, benrre aiid good, the tree an 

 abtmdant hearer, Oct. Also, Enilicott pear, a small 

 wild frnil, from the Endicolt tree. 



By Dr Joel Burnett of Southboro', — ^Specimens 

 of t^'8 fine fririt of the Burnett pear, so named by 

 the Society iP a former year for him. Tfi*; spec- 

 imens of this year were in length 3 inches by 2 

 1-2 inches in the transverse diameter, diminishing 

 rather gradually towards the l)ase, which is some- 

 ■what irregularly formed; contractiiig and com- 

 pressed noarthesummit, and tapering to the .sttdk, 

 which is an inch long ; skin dull, yellowish green, 

 covered with dull red on the side next the sun ; 

 flesh melting ami benrre, juice sweet, high flavor- 

 ed, aromatic, a litttle musky and excellent. 



Apples.-^iiy Samuel Phipps, Esq. of Dorches- 

 ter, — Philadelphia Pippin? so called— an enor- 

 mous gicen fruit, not yet ut maturity. 



By Air Manning, from the Lond. Hort. Soc, — 

 Some specimens of the first fruits. 



William Kenrick offered for exhibition, a vari- 

 ety of fruits of the apple, received of Mr Eben Da- 

 vis, of VVelister, ftlass., Dr Burnett of Soiithl)oro', 

 and the Rev. Hezekiah Ramsdell, of West Thom- 

 son, Conn. Lyscom apple, received of Dr Mur- 

 iiclt, a noble fruit ; large, round, regular form, 

 covered with large broken stripes of pale red on 

 a foundation of green ; the flesh tender, flavor ar- 

 omatic and excellent; sweet, with a just [nojior- 

 tionofacid, Oct. Nov. 



Mill apple, from Mr Peter Fay, of Southboro', 

 large, round, irregular formed, of a dull red col- 

 or ; flesh tender, flavor fine, with a good and suf- 

 ficient proportion of acid. Ripe October and No- 

 vember. 



Another large rod striped fruit, received from 

 Dr Burnett, will be reported on another occasion. 

 Yellow Gibiflowcr, from Mr Eden Davis, rath- 

 er large, round, slightly ribbed or calville formed ; 



a clear straw color, flesh breaking ; juice sweet, 

 relieved by a pleasant acid, a beautiful and excel- 

 lent fruit of superior flavor. Oct. Nov. 



Miller apple from the same source, over medi- 

 um size, slightly rib'ted, inclining to red next the 

 sun, greenish yellow in the shade, juice sweet, 

 with a pleasant acid, of excellent flavor and high- 

 ly esteemed where f)est known. October and No- 

 vember. 



Much credit is due also to the Rev. Mr Rams- 

 <lell for^his exertions in collecting and forwarding 

 these specimens. His collection comprised ma- 

 ny very superior varieties. We enumerate a seed- 

 ling fruit, much resembling, in appearance, the 

 Yellow Gilliflower before described, flavor good, 

 but not equal to that variety, with a very lively 

 acid, a beautiful fruit. Sweet Winter, a middle 

 sized round fruit, pale red and faintly striped next 

 the sun, green in the shade ; sweet, with a slight 

 acid ; a very productive fruit, which kei;ps till 

 May. While Sweet is properly Tolman Sweet- 

 ing, a fine yellow fruit, with a blush next the sun, 

 encircled by 2 or 3 distinct black lines from sum- 

 mit to base ; flesh breaking, relieved by a slight 

 acid ; a valuable fruit. Pomme Water, a very 

 large and noted sweet fruit, fine for cooking, color 

 green, with a faint blush ; stalk very short and 

 sunk dee[) ; the tree bears abundantly. Maich. 

 Tift sweeting is a well knowji and valuable winter 

 fruit, but not handsome. American apple,a very un. 

 common large fruit for cooking, of tolerable fla- 

 vor keeps till January. A green apple without 

 name, a [ileasant fruit ; also, Pomme Royal, a fruit 

 of most deUcious flavor — has been noticed in for- 

 mer i-cports. Winter Greening, a fruit of hand- 

 some size, and very fair, of a regular, round, or 

 flattened form, with a remarkably long stalk ; col- 

 or green with a blush next the sun ; flesh break- 

 ing, juice sweet, relieved by a lively and some- 

 what astringent acid, and excellent flavor; evi- 

 denllv a valuable fruit ; the tree an abundant bear- 

 er. Winter Chandler apple, a first rate winter 

 fruit; very large, round; stalk large, very short, 

 in a il(!ep cavity ; the fruit covered for the most 

 part With dull red and stripes of red, particularly 

 next the sun ; yellowish green in the shade ; fla- 

 vor equal to the Baldwin, and of equal or supe- 

 rior size, but not quite so handsome ; a delicious 

 fruit ; the tree bears well every year, and the fruit 

 keeps till March. 



Enfield Pearmain, a round, red fruit, of medium 

 size and fine flavor ; a great bearer, and highly 

 ly esteemed at Enfield in Connecticut, as a first 

 rate winter fruit. Nichol's Sweet, rather large, 

 and handsome, round, inclining to conical ; of a 

 dull red color; flesh breaking, and very sweet, 

 and fine for baking ; the tree bears well, and the 

 fruit keeps till Jime. 



Ramsdell's Red Sweeting, a beautiful fruit, 

 which we have so named for Mr Ramsdell — a 

 name being wanting for this fine kind ; form con- 

 ical or round ; over medium size ; color fine dark 

 crimson, and covered with minute yellow points, 

 and stripes of darker crimson next the sun ; the 

 fruit on the tree is covered with a dense and beau- 

 tiful blue bloom ; flesh fine and mellow, it some- 

 limes cracks at maturity ; juice sweet and delic- 

 ious ; the tree a great bearer every year ; one of 

 the most beautiful and saleable of all fruits. Oct. to 

 January. Red Pmupkin Sweet, a beautiful fruit, 

 bearing much resemblance to Ramsdeli's Sweet, 

 and about the same size ; covered with fine dark 

 crimson, and darker crimson stripes and minute 



black points; flesh fine and mellow; juice sweet 

 and delicious. The tree is stated to be a prod-g- 

 ious bearer every year ; the fruit grows in clusters. 

 The tree on which these specimens grew, requir- 

 ed 12 props this year, to enable it to sustain its 

 loail. The fruit rii>ens in October, and may be 

 kept till January. One gentleman has commen- 

 ced an orchard of this kind alone, persuaded thai 

 even for the purposes of feeding swuk!, no othci 

 fruit would prove so profitable, or yield so greai 

 crops. For the Committee. 



WM. KENRICK, Chairman. 



(From Ihe Genesee Farmer.) 



LEACHED ASHES AS A MANURE. 



It appears to us that the attention of fiirmer: 

 can scarcely be called too often to the subject o 

 manures, or their varieties and modes of actioi 

 too fully discussed or illustrated. Constituting a 

 they do, his wealth, and furnishing the onl; 

 means of raising good crot)s, or renovating im 

 poverished soils, every substance that can enhanc 

 and perpetuate the fertility of his lands should b^ 

 carefully tried by him, and its value estimated ac 

 cordingly. 



In the western part of this State, and in al 

 new countries, such is the fertility of the soil, an^ 

 the abundance of native salts and vegetable mal 

 ter furnished during a long course of growth am 

 decay, that the first scries of cultivators find littl 

 use for the manures, and the expedients for ame 

 liorating the soil, which are so necessary in th 

 older cultivated countries. Hence, material.' 

 which are considered invaluable for these purpc 

 ses in the States on the sea-board, or in Europea 

 countries, are in our new settlements, considere 

 a nuisance, and wasted in immense quantities.— 

 The gradual decrease which has taken place i 

 the annual pioduction of wheat per acre for sev 

 eral years, on tnost of our old farms, shows, w 

 think, that the native energies of the soil are weak 

 ened, and that the course adopted for improviii 

 soils in other places nmst be resorted to by us. 



One of the most prominent articles used as ma 

 nure in older settled countries, and sought afte 

 with an avidity that shows its real value, in amc 

 liorating the soil, is leached ashes, a substanci 

 which as yet has scarcely created a thought anion 

 us, except it was to devise some easy method o 

 disposing of the quantities so rapidly accumula 

 ting around our domestic leach tubs and asherief 

 Millions of bushels — we might almost say loads— 

 of this valuable material, are annually wasted 

 when the time has arrived, as we think, that i 

 could most profitably be used on our farms. 



There is scarcely a process in farming, or ai 

 article used for substantially improving the soi 

 for which more decisive testimony can be foun 

 than can be adduced in favor of leached ashes a 

 a maimre. Under the head of" Stimulating Ma 

 nures," Chaptal, in his celebrated work on Agri 

 culture, makes these rcmaiks: — "The ashes pro 

 dnced by the combustion of wood on our commo 

 domestic fires, give rise to some very reniarkabi 

 results. Without being leached, these ashes ar 

 much too active ; hut after having been deprive^ 

 by the action of water, of nearly all their saltt 

 and employed in this state under the name o 

 buck ashes, they still produce a great eftect. Th 

 action of the buck ashes is most powerful on mois 

 lands and meadows, in which they not only facil 

 itate the growth of useful plants, but if em|ilnyei 

 for several yearBlhey will free the soil from weedi 



