V<>!,. VVI. mo. 35. 



AND GARDENER'S JOURNAL 



195 



)f)lie(l. We add only in respect to the disease 

 illod the staggers in swine. Onr styes have suf- 

 red severely. In spite of the leiiiediKS reeoin- 

 ended, and the liberal use of others, such as 

 isteroil, &c , we have lost several valuable swine ; 

 id with regard to them, which have survived 

 e disease, they never appeared perfectly restor- 

 I, and we were half disposnd to come to thecon- 

 M-'jiiii, tli.-it ii would havi' ht'en rnoi-c I'.ir our i.i. 

 rrsl il they iiad died whin fnstsi<-k. 

 It would be a great gain to humanity, if this 

 ibject and the diseases of animals generally could 

 I better understood ; indeed if it were made a 

 irticu!ar stud)' and science. At present the ve- 

 rinary art in this country most certainly is in a 

 w state ; and the diseases of the brine creation 

 ■e imperfectly understood ; and the remedies 

 iiially prescribed are nothing but the grossest 

 lackery. 



We will not quit this subject without nieiition- 

 ga curious fact, which occnrcd in our own ex- 

 jrience. We had a stye of fourteen fatting hogs, 

 d with the greatest care, , ami with every variety 

 ul [ireparation of food, which was deemed likely 

 promote their thrift. Nothing liowever would 

 iswer. They ute voraciously — but did not gain 

 1 weight, a fact which we ascertained by repeat- 

 lly weighing therw. When killed the secret was 

 lived ; the entrails wcie fuund changed with 

 ng tape worms, about the size of kni't iiig needles ; 

 )inted at each end and of a white color, 'f his 

 idoiditcdly was the cause of their great appetite 

 id little thrift ; but whence they come is a secret 

 yet unsolved. TTie case was consiilered very 

 lusnal. One other instance only ever came 

 itliin our knowledge. 



" Ssvine are liable to some diseases, which are 

 re noticed, with the best remedies for them. 

 Measles. This disorder is mostly in the throat. 

 Inch is filled with snuill pustules, and sometimes 

 ese appear on the outside of the neck. The an- 

 lal affected looks languid, with red eyes, and lo- 

 3 flesh. Cure. Give him small quantities of 

 vigated crinle antimony in his food. 

 The miinse, like the Scab in Sheep, is a cutane- 

 s irruption of the skin, occasioned by want of 

 janliiiess in the In^gsty. tt is kiuivvn by the vi- 

 !;nt rubbing of the nniinal.till he tears the pos- 

 ies, and tlnis produces scabs. 'I he cin-e, as di- 

 eted by Dr. J^l'orford, is first to wash the animal 

 ill with strong soapsuds ; then annointhin' with 

 oitment foriurd of an uiuice of lliiiir (if siilpiiur, 

 o drachms of fresh pulverized hellibore, three 

 noes of hogsiard, and half an ounce of the wa- 

 ■ of kali. '] his is to he rubbed in at one time, 

 d is sufficient for a hog weighing a hundred. If 

 apcrly applied, no repetition will be necessary, 

 the hog be afterwards kept dean. Where he 

 s a slight congh, he directs doses of antimony, 

 m half an ounce to an ounce and a half, ac- 

 •ding to the size of the animals, to be finely pul- 

 rizcd and mixed with his food, for ten days or 

 fortnight. JJut where from long neglect, the 

 i;k, ears, and other parts become ulcerated, they 

 )uld he annointed every third or fourth day with 

 ointment made of equal parts of tar and mutton 

 3t, melted together, till the cure is completed. 

 The murrain, or leprosy, in Swine, is known by 

 ! shortness and heat of the breath, hanging down 

 the head, staggering, and secretions from the 

 s. It is said to be caused by hot seasons when 

 • blood becomes inflamed. 

 Remedy. JJoil a handful of nettles in a gallon 



J 



of small beer ; add half a pound id' flour of sul- 

 phur, a quarter of a pound of anniseeds, pulver- 

 ized, three ounces of liquorice, and a quarter of a 

 pound of elecampane ; and give this mixture in 

 milk, at six doses. 



7'Ae garget is an inflamation of the udder, by 

 being filled with coagulalcd milk. It chiefly hap- 

 pens where sow.-s are too fat at litering ; and where 

 ihey are tl.iis al^'^cted the pigs will not suck. In 

 >light cases, the udder may be bathed with cam- 

 phorated wine ; but tln> milk must- be squeezed 

 out by hand if possible. If relief cannot thus be 

 given, it is best to kill the anima'. 



Dry cough, and wasting of the flesh, is best 

 remedied by a dry warm sty, with a regidar sup- 

 ply of food that is calculated to keep them cool, 

 and to allay the irritation of the lungs. 



Fever, or rising of the lights, seems to be caus- 

 ed by over-feeding; and may be rciTiove<l by do- 

 ses of sul|ihur and oil. 



The Staggers. Swine afflicted with this disor- 

 der suddeiily turn rounil rapidly, anil if not assist- 

 ed, will die in lialfan horn-. Remedy. On open- 

 ing the mouth a bare knob in the roof of it, will 

 be discovered ; cut this away, and let the wound 

 bleed ; make a i)owder ofloani and salt, atulrnb 

 the wound with it, and then give the beast some 

 urin, and ho will ])resently recover." — Farmer's 

 ^■Jssislant. 



BOUNTY ON MULBERRY TREES. 



Boston, Dec. 11, 1837. 

 GE.NrLF.MEN : Cannot there be something done 

 by our next Legislature to encourage our farmers 

 and landholders to set out Mulberry Trees. It is 

 well known that the bounty on growirig and reel- 

 ing silk does not reach the difficulty ^ for with- 

 out trees no one can get any advantage fi^om it 

 Not one farmer in many hundreds throughout the 

 State pays any attention to it, and at our late fair 

 there was only one sni.-.ll basket of cocoons ex- 

 hibited (which were viry beautiful.) In Connec- 

 ticut they give one dollar a himdred trees bounty, 

 and many private gcntlemon have set out many 

 thousand — who were first excited to it by the 

 bounty — but are now about receiving the advan- 

 tage from them in the Silk culture. I wish yon 

 would give some views on thf subject in the New 

 England Farmer. Your friend, A. B. 



W'v publish above the commimicttion of our 

 correspondence. We sympathise entirely in the 

 solicitude, which he displays for the encourage- 

 ment of the silk culture ; but we do not feel equal 

 confidence in the expediency of the Legislature of 

 the Statfr |Moposing a bounty on the cidtivation of 

 Mulberry Trees. 



• We are firm in the persuasion that the silk cid- 

 ture is destined at some future day to become one 

 of the most pro<luctive branches of husbandry in 

 New England ; and it is not extravagant to sup- 

 pose that in actual value it may attentively bear a 

 fair comparison with the cotton crop of iheSouth- 

 ern States. But the disappointments, which have 

 already been experienced in respect to it have 

 arisen in part and considerably fioiii attempting tp 

 urge it too hastily, before sufficient knowledge liail 

 been acquired from actual experience to render 

 the business safe and certain. Companies with 

 large capitals undertaking upon a large seals a bu- 

 siness, comparatively untried and unknown, are 

 always liable to fall iuto gross mistakes, which too 



often result in seimns losses and disappointmeols ; 

 and tend to discourage the business altogether. 

 This has been in some measure the case with'the 

 silk business. 



The severity of the two last winters, so extra- 

 ordinary as it has been, and so destjuctive to the 

 Mulberry Trees has been a severe discom-agement. 

 The Morns iNInlticaulis, it is believed by those who 

 are best informed, nmst be given up — at least it 

 ca mot be calculated on with confidence. Even 

 the White Mulbeiry has snfl'ered nuich — and has 

 been, in many cases, destroyed. The Rlulherry, 

 however, the seed of which was brought home by 

 MrSaniuel Whitmarsh fiorn Italy, and which is 

 highly favored both for the abundanc ) as well as 

 size of its foliage and the goodness of the silk 

 made from it, has, so we are informed, stood se- 

 curely the cold of the two last winters, and promi- 

 ses to be a most valuable accpiisilion. Shoidd the 

 expectations confidenily indulged in regard to the 

 hardihood of this tree be realized, the effects will 

 be most beneficial to the cultivation of silk, espe- 

 cially as we learn that this tree is as easily propa- 

 gated from layers and cuttings as the Morus Mul- 

 ticaulis. 



The Stale is already highly liberal in its agri- 

 cultural bounties- It offers one dollar per [lound 

 on cocoons, and one dollar per pound on reeled 

 and thrown silk. In the report of one of the Com- 

 mittees at the Northatniiton Show the last autumn 

 it was as well as we caa recollect, slated on the 

 the autliority of actual experiment, and that expe- 

 riment ample and decisive, that the bounty paid 

 by the State would meet all the expenses of the 

 cultivatrt>n. Let such an experiment be generally 

 known and the agricultural Commissioners is ex- 

 pected to give It to the public, and the Legislative 

 encouragement will seem ample. 



As to a bounty upon trees, the Agricultural So- 

 cieties in the Commonwealth have the means of 

 doing in this matter, all that it is desirable should 

 be done. The Hampshire, Hampden and Frank- 

 lin Agriculture Society has already done this; and 

 so has the Essex Agricultural Society. These 

 premiums we believe are still coutinued : — but if 

 not, they would we are persuaded be readily re- 

 newed, if it should be deemed expedient. 



Cider. — Many jiersons, perhaps are not aware 

 of the Efficacy of black mustard seed, (Sinagsis 

 nigra,) in preventing the acetic fermentation of 

 cider. About a half pint of the seed, put into a 

 barrel of cider, will preserve it as sweet, from the 

 usual time of making cider in autumn, till the fol- 

 lowing May, as the day it was put in. The mus- 

 tard is of very easy sulture ; a few seeds scattered 

 in some rich vacant spot, will ensure a successive 

 crop — although the plant is an annual. The suc- 

 ceeding crops will be perpetuated by the seed 

 which fall to the ground in autumn. But in order 

 to secure the cider from any uupleasant flavor, it 

 is highly important that the vessels be perfectly 

 free from must. .\n effectual method of cleans- 

 ing cider barrels is, by putting into each one about 

 a quart of unslacked lime, after which, pour on 

 about four or five gallons of boiling water. Cover 

 the bung hole with a loose covering that some of 

 the steam may escape, which will be generated in 

 great quantities, to prevent the barrel from burst- 

 ing. Shake it up several times and then rinse it 

 with clean water. It will add also greatly to the 

 quality of the cider, by being separated entirely 

 from all the sediments. — Far. Cab. 



