VOL. XVI. NO. 30. 



AND GARDENER'S JOURNAL. 



205 



itii the best interests of the country, which I 

 lOiilH like to discuss, did time permit; hut I 

 rbear; and will close with some admonitory 

 nts, to the young class of fny iiudiencp. 



Youni; fanners of Berkshire! Tou are soon to 

 I tlie |)laccs cccupied by your fathers. Upon 

 lU wdl devolve, not only tiie charge of this so- 

 ety, which has lieen so fir sustained with praise- 

 orthy zeal, anil great pidilic u.^eflllness, hut tli(^ 

 elfare and character of thi! country. Your sit- 

 ition will soon be one of great responsibility. — 

 3 yon sow, so you must reap. If you fail to" dc- 

 «ite the good see.l in the spring time of life, the 

 ive will yiehl you no oil, nor the fig-tree its 

 Jits, in the summr-r of manhood ; the harvest of 

 tumn will disappoint your hopes, and a cheer- 

 is winter of age will come U|;on you, emhktered 



regrets of neglected opportunities of providing 

 mfortably for yourselves, and of doing good to 

 lers. You have before you worthy e.xamples, 

 the inilnstry, enterprise and intelligence of your 

 hers. But neither talents, nor wealth, nor vir- 

 ;s are hereditary. You itirist build upon your 

 'n foundation — you must l.'ccome Ibe artificers 

 your future fame and fortune. You mustyonr- 

 ves enrich your minds, sow the seeds and ma- 

 e the good plants, if you would reap the abun- 

 n harvest, and enjoy the reward. The ele- 

 nts of e.lttcation which you have gathered in 

 1 schools, are the paper upon which you are to 

 ord youi characters—the mere implements of 

 ifulness. They will profit you only as you use 

 m with diligence am! good judgment. But the 

 iidard of your acquirements must not be grad- 

 ed by the past. f:very age demands a greater 

 ;ree of memaf ctt'ture, than the one which pre- 

 ed it ; and it behooves you to qualify yourselves 



that which now da 



wns upon your mental vis- 



. The more you learn to depend upon your- 

 'es, the more you will find developed capaci- 



and energies, of vvhieh you are yet nncon- 

 ms of possessing— the more liki'ly you will he 

 )rosper in Uk. The sapling which "is sheltered 

 the towering pine, or wide-spreading oak, is 

 .her so strong nor so graceful, as that wh'icli 

 iws up without shelter, anil acquires strength 



solidity from the bn.fretmgs of the winds mi.l 

 ms. '1 he plant that is nurtured in the shade 

 >ot so beautiful — its blossoms are not so fra- 

 it, nor its fruits so rich, as the form, the fjow- 

 nd the fruit of that which grows in the glare 

 olar light. 



"he culture of the mind sliou,hl engage your 

 y attention, that you may sooner profit by its 

 iisels and irs powers. Mind is the great mas- 

 power, which instructs, guides ami abridges 

 uin labor — the gram! source of intellectual 

 sure — a liiculty which distinguishes man from 

 lirute, and which, as it is more or less culiiva- 



marks the gradations in civilized society. 



not that yon have no leisure for this, that vour 

 is engrossed in providing f)r yom- animal 

 ts. Franklin found time to bestow upon his 

 I, high and usetiil cultme, amid the cares and 

 rs of an active uiechanic's life. The hours 



the avocations of the farm allow to study 

 lint, in the aggregate of early life, to months 

 to years. Knowledge is power; it is wealth ; 



respectability ; it endures with life. The 

 1 may be likened to the soil. Both are given 

 \e improved ; and the measure of our enjoy- 

 ts, and the welfare of society, depend upon 

 ^ood or bad culture we bestow upon them 



Indolence may be compared to the coarse marsh 

 plants, which feed u|)ou the soil and taint the air, 

 without yielding any thing comely or useful in 

 return, for man or beast; — intemperance, to bro- 

 ken down fences, which permit beasts to enter 

 and consume the earnings of industry, and beggar 

 the offspring of the owner ; — litigation, tn the 

 thorns and thistles, which rob the soil of its fer- 

 tility, and mar the beauty i>f the landscape. While 

 on the other hai>d, the faithful application of 

 knowledge to the irsefid |,urposes of life, may be 

 likened to the ilr.iining and manuring, which "ive 

 I'erttlity to the soil ; the good fialiits which we es- 

 tablish, to the good culture liestowed by the hus- 

 bandtnrn — indicative alike of cheerfulness an<! 

 plenty ; — and the embellishments of the mind in 

 literature, science and taste, to the gardens and 

 grounds, abounding in all that is grateful to the 

 senses, which shouhl surround and adorn our ru- 

 ral dwellings, and beautify the country. 



You have chosen an etn|)loyment which is bon- 

 orahle, profitable and independent. Devote to it 

 your best powers, till you have become master of 

 the art, or of such branches of it as you design to 

 follow — and until you have ai quired so much of 

 the science — a knowledge of the why and the 

 wherefore — of the great laws of nature, upon 

 which good husbandry is baserl, as shall enable 

 yon to conduct your operations with judgment and 

 success. " Who aims at excellence, will be above 

 mediocrity ; who aims at mediocrity, will fall 

 short of it." So the adage tenches, and so is the 

 response of experience. 



And finally, fellow-citizens, may you all he wise, 

 all be useful — that you may all be happy — here 

 and hereafter. 



quantity will be eaten to keep stock in good con- 

 dition, w^ithout the aiil of a mixture. 



A Subscriber. 

 Brunswick, Ransnlaer Co. .Vol'. 1837. 



Valde of Apples. — J. Bud, Esq.,— Sir : Hav- 

 ing made ait experiment in feeding my fatting 

 hogs thus far with apples the present fall, I am so 

 well pleased with the result, that you are at lib- 

 erty to make the communication through the Cul- 

 tivator, to your subscriber.", as to my manner of 

 preparing them for feeding 1 have a two barrel 

 chaldron set for boiling, with a cover to prevent 

 the escape of the steam, which 1 fill with apples, 

 adding two pails of water, and after boiling a 

 short time, the ap|iles becotne settled, so that I 

 add from two to three bushels of cut pumpkins. 

 When all becomes soft, I add 1 bushel of ground | 

 feed, (peas anil oats mixed) generally by putting 

 it iinmediately, or soon after, into the chaldron 

 and well mixing it together, by which means the 

 groun<l feed becomes perfectly cooked. After re- 

 maining a few bonis, I have it placed in half hogs- 

 heads, where it remains from thirty-six to forty- 

 eight hours, before it is ted ; by that means it has 

 a perfect chance to ferment, which I consider ve- 

 ry essential. It is true, I have not compared 

 weights with other years, but as far as my eye is 

 a judge, I never had hogs ilo better for the same 

 length of true, in any former year, when I have 

 fed them boiled potatoes, adding the same quanti- 

 ty of ground feed ; and am satisfied that even sour 

 apiiles are worth as much as potatoes in fatiening 

 pork. 



Much has been said through your valur.lile pa- 

 per, as to the saving made in cutting straw and 

 hay for fodder. I wish to impiire through the 

 Cultivator, whether straw is t'in\ to neat stock, 

 when cut, without any mixture, such as bran or 

 other kinds of mill-feed ; and whether there is a 

 sufficiency of nutriment in itself, and a sufficient 



Fausiers must have their wheat .vore com- 

 pletely ground.— ..1/r Holmes: For the purpose 

 of shewing the fact of what our wheat was capa- 

 bh' of doing when well floured or ground, a very 

 considerable premium was offered by the Kenne- 

 bec Co. Ag. Society, to be awarded to the manu- 

 facturer of the be.ot barrel of flour ground at any 

 mid within the county of Kennebec. At the late 

 Cattle Show and Fair, Mr John Stanley, of Win- 

 throp, made an entry, claiming the premium for a 

 barrel which was ground by him at the mill in 

 Winthrop village. When wheat was one .dollar 

 per bushel, it was good business to grind it for n 

 sixteenth, but wheat lias risen tfl nearly two dol- 

 lars per bushel ; farmers therefore ought to have 

 their wheat ground as well again as it was then, 

 for they pay as much again — that is, the sixteenth 

 that they now give is worth as much again when 

 put into the market. J am sensible that they do 

 not get their grinding done any better, if they do 

 as well as they did when vvheat was only one dol- 

 lar per bushel. If that is a fact, then you in re. 

 ality pay as much again, or double what it is worth 

 to get your wheat ground. Are you contented to 

 pay as much again as you ought for flouring ? Let 

 us hear what the adjudging committee say about 

 the barrel of flour manufactured by Mr Stanley. 

 "Only one entry was made, and that by Mr John 

 Stanley, of Winthrop. We were informed that it 

 was made from five bushels of Tea wheat, strict 

 measure, from which was manufactured Uvo hun- 

 dred tk-irly-lwo and a half pounds of excellent Jlour ; 

 which is one barrel, thirty-six and a half pounds." 

 Now there must have been more or less coarse, 

 which would not answer to go Into that barrel of 

 excellent flour — and there must have been also 

 bran or canal, or whatever it is called, which is 

 eatable by man or beast. 



We state the account thus — 

 One bbl. excellent flour, worth 

 TtiiiHy-six and a half pounds, at the same 

 Say 20 lbs. of coarse, at $8 )»r bbl. 

 Brail or canal, probably 40 lbs., worth 



say $5 per hbl. 

 And the coarsest bran which is worth 



the grinding, or nearly so, 



$10 00 

 1 84 

 81 



1 02 



$13 67 

 Now see wliat your wheat is worth when a pre- 

 mium of $.5,00 is offered for flouring. 



The committee farther remark, "a good speci- 

 men of what the farmers of our State can do, and 

 your coiiHiHttce are of opinion that the time is not 

 fir distant,, if not already come, when we shall not 

 be under the necessity of going to New York to 

 mill." What more is wanting but more and better 

 gi'iri'liiig? A Flour-eater. 



P. S. If you will divide $13,67 by five, it will 

 shew the worth of that wheat — and it will be found 

 to be $2. 73 per Imshel. — Maine Farmer. 



Improvement i.v latins Wall. — Our friend 

 Adam Mott ini'orms us that he has found it quite 

 an im])rovement where you build stone wall in low 

 or wet laud to place a piece of cedar or hemlock 

 across the wall every two or three feet, say two 

 feet from the bottom. 



