VOU. XVI. !»(». 39. 



AND GARDE NEB'S JOURNAL. 



229 



Gemleinen, the business of faiiuiiiir, like every 

 Jtlior liiisincss, must he pMisiioil in e,-irn(-«t to he 

 fleotimlly uiid usefully pursued. 'I he God of 

 Viiture never iutcnilcd man >|]ould he eilher pros- 

 lerous or rnntented without lahoi-. Tlie mere 

 an of leisure who has nothing' to do, is the most 

 ni.serahle man on earth. The (dd man who gives 

 il> I'usiness — who yi Ids his farm to the care and 

 )wnership of his son on the conilition that he is 



he maintaini.'d witluuit lalior — is •renerally far 

 nore uidiappy alter than hefore his retirement, 

 livery man, so long as he is capable, should man- 

 ge and control Ids own luisiness; ten to one, if 

 e place it iji tin,' hanils of ene younger than him- 

 elf, the favor will he reqiLteri in an unkiml spirit ; 



had managi-ment will deprive him who re- 

 eives the gift of the ability to perform hisohliga- 

 ions. 



It hns been supposed that tlie soil of this State 

 s not adapted to the production of wheat. The 

 I'eavel here has attacked ami destroyed many 

 arly sown fields, and it lias done the same in 

 ther wheat gi'ouing cninitries. And the late 

 Dwed wheat is liable te he injured by rust. Our 

 nooth swells are some of the best of land : hei'e 

 le frost frequently ami gen:>rally holds oft' till 

 Ictober somecimes a full mouth after every thin" 

 as been cut down upon the pl.iins and in the 

 ullies. These high swells are pccidiarly adapted 



1 oats, and when properly [irepared with manure 

 •e almost certain to produce wheat. Jt has been 

 leniioned to me that a farmer in the town of Can- 

 rbury (Mr Josiah Haines) this year raised sev- 

 ity-lhree bufhels of wheat on less than two acres 



sowing, which was measured after it was 

 reshed and winnowed. A sample of wheat 

 ,im the same town has been exhibited this day 

 jm the farm of Thomas Amee, Esq. 'I'hisgen- 

 sman has rai.sed 37 1-2 bushels from 126 square 

 ds, a little more than three-fourths of an acre, 

 ling at the rate of more than 47 1-2 bushels to 

 e acre. This wheat was sown on the 29ih of 

 ny : it is of the new kimi called the Black Sea 

 Tteat, and it is remarkable that this kind of wheat 

 ;S produced a perfect crop, while the ordinary 

 heat along side of it has been deficient. 'I'he 

 :t is here presented of as large an amount of 

 leat as ever givw on the like quantity of ground 

 any [)art of the fertile \Vest ; and, meagre as 

 s been the e.xhibition this day, the presenta!ii)n 

 this one article would pay us for all our trouble 

 ntteniling on this occasion. A traveller from 

 ratoga, N. Y. a few days since informed me 

 n he saw more good fields of wheat grouincr in 

 ;w Hampshire between this place and Connee- 

 ut river than he saw in all the distance between 

 rllston and Connecticut river. Rich and hi:.'hly 

 llivaled land, especially if an ingredient of the 

 mure applied be lime, in the high p.-irls of this 

 Jte wi I be almost as sure of a crop of wheat as 

 any thing else. 



Indian corn likewise, if the smaller and earlier 

 ids be planted, will in laud that is not frosty, 

 Ih the proper stinmlants, be nearly sure of "a 

 >]>. 



But if Indian corn shall fail us, there ate other 

 lins which may be raised in abundance as a 

 )stitutc, as oats, b.irley, buckwheat, &c. In- 

 n buckwheat (differing somewhat from the or- 

 lai'y buckwheat) will yield an abundant crop: 

 9 as heavy as Indian corn, and it is said is 

 rth as much for fattening hogs. On a [n-oper 

 I, it will produce si.vty bushels to the acre — it 



is well ailajited to dry ami sandy groirid if wel' 



uniniired, so much the better. It would be well 

 to .sow it before the 10th of Juie. Ten or twelve 

 quarts of seed to the acre is sufficient— the richer 

 the soil and the thinner it is sowed, the more it 

 will produce. It makes excellent cakes; for sev- 

 eral of the last days I have morning and evening 

 enjoyed a treat of cakes niatle from Irulian wheat, 

 the seed of which was sowed in the fr-jg pomis in 

 the month of July last. 



One cause of the increased prosperity of the 

 farmers of this State has been the great change 

 that has gone over this community in relation lo 

 the use of ardent spirits. That change has been 

 brought about by a correct public sentiment, the 

 eflect of individual example; those who ha^e 

 clamored and attempted to introduce the temper- 

 ance question as a party question, in some places 



lough they may have done good, in a majority of 

 ea.>;es, lutve done the cause real injury. Tlie 

 fashion nscd to be for all to drink, and" for all 

 classes to offer as the first civilily to visitors and 

 friends, intoxicating drinks. Some had the coiir- 

 age to resist the fashion, and the bad practice be- 

 came unfashionable. There is an article not yet 

 out of fashion, that ont to be e.xpelled respectable 

 society — J rnean tobacco, which is not only dcle- 

 terioiis, whether in the shape of snuffing, smoking 

 or chewing, as intrnducing a t iste for inebriation, 

 but is really of itself equally injurious to the ner- 

 yoiis system and to the constitution as hard drink- 

 ing. The con.stant use of common cider froiri 

 apf)les several times a day leads as rapidly to 

 drunkenness as the use of the strongest vinous 

 liijuors; the daily use of either ni.iy well be dis- 

 pensrd with. 



You can calculate for yourselves, gentlemen, 

 how much has been saved and how much life has 

 been lengthened by abstinence from the use of 

 intoxicating drinks. It is now exceedingly rare 

 to see or hear of a farmer in this State who is 

 either running out bis property or ruining his 

 health by the u*e of alcohol. What is now saved 

 of what was formerly spent, will in the course of 

 twenty years make the whole community rich. 

 Every father of a family cannot do a better ser- 

 vice to the cause of temperance than by present- 

 ing a constant- example of abstinence before his 

 children. 



Thus far our attention has been principally di- 

 rected to the exterior management of the farm. 



Turn we now to a no less important part, the 

 economy within dooi-s. As mui^h, if not more 

 depends on what is going on there as on what is 

 doing abroad. In vain does the land pro<luce, if 

 that produce be not preserved after it sliall be 



gathered — if it be not judiciously expended if it 



be not applied to its proper objects. Upon a 

 dairy farm, more depends on tlie management 

 within than the management without. More than 

 this, the due instruction of the daughters of our 

 land in household management, in adapting their 

 education to the business of after life, is-of greater 

 consequence than all that is' gained at the board- 

 ing school abroad. To the credit of most of our 

 farmers' wives it may be said, their daughters are 

 equally well trained in the domestic duties at home 

 as in the manners and accomplisliinents which 

 make them interesting abroad. Both the sons and 

 daughters of our land, "the strength which sup- 

 ports and the beauty that adorns " our country, 

 leceived from their mothers those lessons of vir- 

 tue and religion which preserve ihe bonds of civ- 



ilized society, and which point to a brighter world. 

 Without the aid which they have afforded all our 

 labors would have been of little value. The 

 beauty of a fertile cultivated field, its tender plants, 

 its budding flowers anil its ripened fruits, may well 

 comiiare with the states of prattling infiinVy, of 

 joyful adolescence, of bashful pub.rty, and of ri- 

 pened age ; but the interest of the latter, relating 

 to "souls perennial which never die," transcends 

 the former as heaven and beings immortal are 

 higher than things terrestrial and perishable with 

 the season that gives them birth. The tribute is 

 iluf to the females of New England, that they 

 have fiishioned our sons and daughters as the poj. 

 ulation of hardly any other portion of the earth 

 has been fashioned ; for where else can we findn 

 people so intelligent, so eiitei prising, so moral, so 

 humane, so ready to afford relief to the indigent 

 and sick, so ready to protect the helpless, so de- 

 termined to maintain Liberty and Law, , so sure to - 

 ■Hcttle down on correct opinions, so able and capa- 

 ble of governing themselves ? Saith the wise man : 

 "Who can find a viitnoiis woman .= for her price 

 is far above rubies. The heart of her husband 

 doth .safely trust in her, so that he shall have no 

 need of 8|,oil. She- will do him good and not 

 evil all the days of her life. She .seeketh wool 

 and f]ax, and woi-keth willingly with her hands. 

 She riseth also while it is yet night, and givetli 

 meat to her household and a portion to her mai- 

 •leus. She layeth her hands to the spindle, and 

 her hands hold the dstaff. She stretched forth 

 her hands to tlie poor ; yea, she reacheth forth 

 lier hand.s to the needy. Her husband is known 

 in the gates when he sitteth among the elders of 

 the land. She maketh fine linen and selleth it ; 

 and delivereth girdles unto the merchant. She 

 openeth her mouth wiih wisdom ; and in her 

 tongue is the law of kindness. She looketh well 

 to the ways of her household, and eateth not the 

 bread of idleness. Her children arise up and call 

 her blessed." 



To sum up all, our sole dependence is upon 

 that Being " to whom all hearts are open, all de- 

 sires known, and from whom no .oecrets are hid." 

 How ungrateful is man to complain of unfruitful ' 

 seasons, of drought, and frost, and inildew! Will 

 not the least intelligent admit, that events are or- 

 dered for the best good of man — that his calami- 

 tie.? and his privations are but blessings in dis- 

 guise .' The time of the earth's greatest apfiarent 

 prosperity was the time when the sons of earth 



provoked the greatest degree of Divine wrath. 



When the structure of this globe, its animate and 

 inanimate nature, the slight change which would 

 he sufficient to destioy ail present animal exis- 

 teuce, the manner in which human life is cherish- 

 ed and preserved as in the hollow of the hand of 

 that Almighty Power which balances and regu. 

 lalesall; — when all things are considered; how 

 iingralefiil is man that he complains of those more 

 inconsiderable evils that flesh is heir to. With, 

 ont a blessing from God which man has never 

 deserved, in vain will be all our labors to till the 

 earth. "Let us, then be grateful unto Him and 

 speak good of His nanie ; for the Lord is graciou.s, 

 His mercy is everlasting, and His Truth endured 

 from generation to generation." 



We saw some large apples in the market the 

 other day and had the curiosity to examine some 

 of them — they averageil 11 inches circumference 

 anil 1-2 lb. «piece. — Maine Far. 



