278 



K E W ENGLAND FARM ER, 



MARCH r, 1838, 



AND gardener's journal. 



Boston, Wednesday, March r, l838. 



foro ills ap|.l.«d, and this il may he made lo du when mix 

 ed with a quantity of loam, in which case it i 

 lobe evenly distributed «r «ith common barn-yaro 

 dung or compost 



BONK MA^URE. 



We liave devoted a large portion oftiiis week's Far- 

 mer to one subject— that uf Bone JIaiiure. We have 

 been induced to do this by tlie many urgent inquiries, 

 we have received in relation to it It is a new manure 

 with us, and comparatively recent abroad. The Don- 

 caster Agricultural (Society is one of the most active 

 and intelligent in Great Britain. We received thtir 

 Report on this subject now published in this week's 

 New England p'iirmer, two years since. We have ac- 

 counts of latter experiments, which we shall shortly 

 give to our readers. We have made some small trials 

 with this manure in the state of fine powder tliree years 

 ago ; it was applied to Ruta Baga, without any 

 other manure and was encouraging ; but not sufficiently 

 decisive to warrant our speaking more fully of it. We 

 saw a field of Kuta Baga the last autumn at Mr C. N. 

 Bement's, Albany — one part of which was manured 

 with barn m.inure or compost ; another with ashes and 

 a third with bone manure. We liave had no account 

 of the crop after being liarvested, but from appearances 

 at that time the result would prove highlyfavorable lo the 

 use of this nuiuure. Air Benient gave it as his opinion that 

 twenty-five bushels applied lo an acre was fully equal 

 to a good dressing of dung. It is highly desirable to 

 ascertain whether bones burnt so as that they may be 

 easily reduced lo a state of comparative fineness might 

 not be used with equal advantage as when ground in a 

 mill. The oily parts of the hones would be lost by this 

 process ; and this is the case too after they have been 

 used by the soap boilers in which condition they usu- 

 ally arc, when sen! lo the mills. The only advantage, 

 which the process of burning would liBve over grinding 

 would be found in situations, where wi bone mill is ac- 

 cessible. 



The question, whether they shuuld be ground into a 

 fine powder or simply broken into chips or small pieces, 

 is still open to experiment. Thus far it is believed, that 

 when applied in the state of powder the effects are more 

 immediate; when used in a crushed or broken state the 

 effects are less obvious at first,but more durable. That 

 however applied the effects are very lasting is a point 

 fully ascertained. 



We have the pleasure to add that a mill for the grind- 

 ing of bones has been erected in the vicinity of Bo.ston, 

 wheic the prepared article may be had in sufficient 

 quantities lo meet any probable demand. The adver- 

 tisement of the Proprietor is in another part of the pa- 

 per and orders for the article may be left at the office of 

 the New England Farmer. 



It is greatly to be desired that the fiirrners would give 

 it a fair experiment and noie the results, its effects 

 upon Indian Corn remain to be tfested ; but there can be 

 littlo doubt of success in the application. Where ma- 

 nure is purchased at a distance the portable character 

 of the substance must strongly recoirimend it; csjjicially 

 if twenty-five to forty busli«ls la an acre are to bo con- 

 sidered as equal to a good dressing of barn-yard ma- 

 nure. It seems to he settled that the land to which it 

 is best iipplifd is dry land ; that where iin immediate 

 effect is desired il should be ii[i;'lied in I he form of dust 

 directly wilh the seed ; where applied in small pieces its 

 effects are more permanenl. In the mill at Roxbury it 

 is broken in small pieces ; and at the same time miicii 

 of it is in the form of powder. It seems necessary like- 

 wise that il should undergo a degree of furmentation be- 



, wnen ...... Ask the friend.^ of the survivor, who when he proffers 



more likely his hand to Ihem, cannot but feel that itjs stained with 

 the blood of his friend. Ask the conscience of the sur- 

 vivor, what has been decided by it, when in his mid- 

 night watches, the reminiscences of this dreadful scene, 

 rise before his mind. Ask the living and the dead this 

 question; and the whole array of parties concerned in 

 this terrible act, when they stand together before tha: 



JSUMMAHY OF THE WEEK. 



The DuKi,. -The public mind has been electrified ..... : . ■„ ,i „ m 



and "hold by the accounts of a duel at Washington tribunal, where human opinion will P-_^_»-y '^^-^ ^^ 



between two members of Congress. -Mr Graves of Ken- 

 tucky and Mr Cilley of Maine, fought wilh rifles, in 

 which the latter was killed at the fourth fire. 



The legil definition of murder is the killing of anoth- 

 er with imdice prepense, that is, in passion ; oi with de- 

 sign without the aulhority of law. Here the design is 

 avowed; the instrument charged, pointed, and fired; 

 and the life is taken. Is this murdei ? 



In the sudd«n excitement of passion, 'a man kills 

 another. It is in vain to plead his general character in 

 excuse to say that this is his first offence ; that he has 

 been always amiable and couileous in private life ; the 

 law is inexorable and admits no such apology. 



Here then is no sudden passion ; the killing is matter 

 of deliberate calculation and arrangement. The word 

 is given ; the aim is taken ; and the only thing, that 

 seems to be adiniltcd as wrong in the case is, that the 

 wind blows so hard, they cannot h..hl the instruments 

 of death steadily. 



In the eye of the Law the manNvho is present al the 

 killing ofainanand djes not do what he can to prevent 

 it; the man who knows that it is intended and does not 

 take measures to ■ but especially the man, 



who is present and consents to it and assists in its per- 

 pelraiion, is held to be an accessory, and liable to be pun- 

 ished as a principal 



thinnest vapor in the scorching beam of a summer's sun 

 and on every human action a judgment be had fron 

 which there is no appeal. 



Congress.— Congress have made no progress in an 

 important measure since our lust, save passing a law t 

 protect our neutrality on the frontiers ; and appointin 

 a committee to inquire into the late unhappy and aire 

 cious personal rencontre. Mr Prentiss has moved 

 law in the Senate making duelling or the abetting sue 

 an act a capital offence. This we fear will not prevet 

 it Make it an absolute disqualification for lioldin 

 anv office of honor or trust under the United Stall 

 Government Ibrever, and let the Stales lollow up Ih 

 legislation in their own jurisdiction ; this might pro^ 

 efl'ectuil. 



The Northekn Fhontier.— The "Patriot" fore 

 in vaiiuus places have failed in iheir attempts to invai 

 Cinnda. The officers have quai relied. The men ha' 

 thrown up their arms in disgust. As they have f 

 some time disgusted" every honorable and moral man 

 > the community by their movements, it is high tin 

 ihey should taste the bitterness of their own pills. 



Ma'isachosetts.— The General Court are still bus 

 Thev have fully passed the Wheat Bill, which we shi 

 publish as soon as il appears. They have rejectee 

 bill mitigating the penalties of certain crimes such 

 burglary and highway robbery. 'They are still engag 

 aboSt the never failing matters of the Banks ; and t 

 suspected subjects of inquiry are not a I " used up ; b 

 continue to drop in occasionally. Where the end is. 



I "Vhe subject of the Annexation of Texiis, the Abolili 

 In this case two individuals, under their own hands | of slavery in the Dislrictof Columbia, the License Li 



and with their own proper names, advise the public 

 that tlicy carried the defiance and the acceptance; fur- 

 nished the instruments; appointed the place; meas- 

 ured the distniice ; charged the rifles, and gave orders 

 to fire ; ami this in four successive instances ; and more 

 than that distinctly agreed, thai if the lourth shot did 

 not take ellect, then the parlies should be placed nearer 

 to each other Is this being accessory or not to the kil- 

 ling? 



Now is it possible that in a community where Law is 

 said to reign, that men shall coolly detail all ihe steps 

 in such an atrocity; and their own particular, direct, and 

 urgent inslrumentalily in the affair, and thus defy the 

 sovereignty of the law ; and pass on in the midst of the 

 Legislators and Magistrates of the land, without even 

 the formality of an arrest ' Good Heavens ! what is the 

 condition of society in which we live ! 



In ordinary cases of quarrel, where life is sacrificed, 

 there is commonly some feud existing, or some cherish- 

 ed animosity or liatred. Here there is none; everything 

 of the kind is disavowed ; the parties are on terms of 

 courtesy, kindness, and respect— no cau.se of ill-feeling 

 ever existed among Ihem ; sentiments of the highest re- 

 spect are passed from one to th^j other oven after the 

 third fire What an enormous inconsistency. 



The Duel professedly arose out of the denial of one 

 of the parties that a third person was a gentleman, The 

 dual is fouaht and one oftlie prirlies is killed. Does that 

 determine that the individual in question is a genleman,' 

 It certainly is not an inevitable and determined con- 

 clusion from these premises. But if you are anxious to 

 know what has been settled by this mortal combat ;— 

 ask the widow and the fatherless children of the man, 

 who tried but did not succoed in taking his neighbor's 

 life, but did succeed in throwing away his own life.— 



and the absolute prohibition of tlie sale of intoxicati 

 drinks are waiting behind the scenes lo make their ! 

 pearance on the stage, when their turn comes. 



Foreign News. Three remarkable fires, and m 

 extraordinary from their coincidence, aie remirted 

 the arrival of the last packets from Europe^ "The I 

 perial Palace at St. Petersburg, the Royal Exchange 

 London, and the Opera House in Pans, three lar, 

 most expensive, and most magnificent structures ho 

 all fallen in the flames, since our last advices. Lhe h 

 appear to have been accidental. 



MASSACHUSETTS HORT. SOCIETY. 



A slated meeting of this Society was held at th 

 Hall in Tremont Street, on Saturday last. 



A report from the Committee of Finance was re 

 from which il appeared that the pecuniary affairs of 

 society arc in a flourishing condition. 



Voted, That the sum of $275 be expended in pre 

 ums, for'flowers, fruits and vegetables, during the pi 



ent vear. 



The following letter was re«d, and its insertion in 

 New England Farmer ri-qnested. 



Dedham,J^ov.29, 183'. 



My Pear Sir ;— I trust the following remedy for 

 " Borer ' has something more than novelty lo rec. 



niend it. . r 



Last week in a neighboring tovrn, I was conyers 

 with a person, whose apple trees I had former y kno 

 had been much injured by the attacks of the borer; 

 mentioned that he had put clan, she Is round them, r 

 weed, had earthed up lhe ground about them, and 

 made excavations round them, with .a view to arrest 

 dcslructiveness of the borer; the above methods v 

 tried al different times and at the suggestion ot dea 

 in trees but to no good purpose, exceptingthal he thoi 

 that the rock weed might possibly have been of a - 

 little service. He thinks that by an accidental circ 

 stance he has discovered a simple and complete rerr 

 for the attacks of the borer. Having a quantity 



