AND GARDENER'S JOURNAL. 



PUBLISHED BY JOSEPH UKECK & CO., NO. 52, IMOKTH MARKET STREET, (AGn.cui.Tu«,L Warkhouse.) 



VOL. XVI. 



BOSTON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, JULY 4, 1S38. 



^HSigia^SWJLII'WlliAJE.a 



NO. 52. 



We have the pleasure to present to the agricul- 

 turil public the subjoined highly valuable com- 

 municaiion ; and acknowledge ourselves much 

 indebted to the kindness of this intelligent and 

 skilful cultivator for having at our request pre- 

 sented it. Our attention in passing on the road 

 froniPiiwtucket to Providence had been always par- 

 ticularly attr.tcted to the improvements going on 

 on this farm, and the order and neatness which 

 marked the premises. 'J'he last spring, on a visit 

 to some relatives, we had the pleasure of exam- 

 ining the excellent management pursued at the 

 establishment. The cultivator it will be seen 

 from the style of address, is a friend. This most 

 exemplary christian sect are always remarkable 

 for their neatness and order, qualities which are 

 so valuable, and produce so much comfort in life. 

 "Thou shalt be neat and clean, and systematic 

 and orderly in tliy person and in all thy dealings" 

 is a commandment, which if they have not actu- 

 ally added it to the decalogue, seems to have with 

 them almost as high an authority. A slov< .dy 

 Quaker is a " rare bird ;" an anomaly seldom oc- 

 curring. We cannot too much commend them 

 for this. "Order is Heaven's first law." Neat- 

 ness, as a friend was accustomed to remark, is 

 next to godliness ; it is essential to good manners, 

 and almost equally so to good morals ; its opposite 

 is certainly a violation of what are called the mi- 

 nor morals of society. H. C. 



For the N. E. Farmer. 



JVorih Providence, 6 mo. 4, 1838. 

 Respected Friend, Henrt Colman : — 



I have never known more profitable results 

 from the a[iplication of any manure to light and 

 sterile soils, whetlier loamy, sandy, or gravelly, 

 than from leeched or unleeched ashes. The/ 

 have long been used in Rhode Island with grtflt 



uccess especially in the growing of barley and 

 clover to which they seem peculiarly adapted. — 

 As evidence of the estimation in which they are 

 iield by the farnjers of the Island, ten cents per 

 3ushel have been paid for them in Newport for 

 ;he last twenty years and upwards, and thoigh 



onsiderable quantities have been furnished from 

 lifferent planes on the sea-board, the demand for 

 hem has always exceeded the supply. They are 

 ;enerally used at the time of seeding, spread on 

 in even surface and harrowed in lightly with the 

 ;rain and grass seed. The quantity varying from 

 iO to 100 bushels per acre. 



In 1833, a lot of land falling under my nan- 

 gemetit which had then recently been purchased 

 t $30 per acre, seven acres of it and perhaps the 



least valuable part, which in my opinion never 

 possessed fertility, though it is usually called worn 

 out laud, being a sandy plain, gravelly subsoil, 

 were ploughed and rolled in order to secure for 

 the benefit of the crop what little vegetable matter 

 had been turned under; about 1600 bushels leech- 

 ed ashes were then spread on the lot, and it was 

 sowed with 10 qii:\rts millet and 16 lbs. Southeni 

 or small clover seed to the acre. The season 

 proved dry ami the seed took badly, the cro[i of 

 millet was 10 tons by estimation, and was sold for 

 $180. 19 tons clover were supposed to have 

 been obtained the two succeeding years at four 

 cuttings ; this loo was sold for$316. The clover 

 having nearly all perished in the winter of 1835-6 

 it was pastured the season following, and last year 

 1136 bushels ashes having been applied to it, it 

 was again sowed with millet, and stocked as be- 

 fore with southern clover, 20 lbs. to the acre. 



The product was 13 tons millet, for which I creil- 

 ited the owner .f221, retaining it for my own use. 

 Like residts have been obtained from similar 

 treatment of the saine .iescription of soil in vari- 

 ous instances, this not having been selected be- 

 cause the most striking, but beeauae the amount 

 for which the crops sold fixes their value, without 

 knowing exactly the quantity produced, which in 

 each case has been supposed. The labor bestow- 

 ed on the lot was more or less blended with other 

 business of the fuini ; it is iliereforr difiiciiJt at this 

 I)eriod of time to ascertain the amount charged. 

 I believe however it did not exceed the charge in 

 the subjoined account. 

 Cost of land, 



'■ Ashes for both dressings, 

 Seed for do. 

 Ploughing 10 1-2 davs. 

 Rollings 1-2 do 



Harrowing 3 1-2 do 

 Caring outside furrows, 

 So\fiug 3 days, 

 Caiting and spreading ashes, 

 Ct/tting, curing, and housing 41 tons millet 



and clover, 123 00 



5 years ta,xes, 2 10 



Interest accruing on transaction, 46 00 



$210 00 



215 54 



41 25 



21 00 



7 00 



7 00 



7 50 



3 00 



54 00 



Cr. 



By Produce sold, amounting to 



Value of [lasturage, 



Value of lot in its present condition. 



$737,39 



$717 00 



15 00 



385 00 



falling ofl^ instead of an advanceinent in the amount 

 of its productions, by subsequent ashings. Should 

 this be the case it would indicate a suitable con- 

 dition for more permanent improvement by ma- 

 nuring. 



Ther!: is but one instance in which I can make 

 out the I'xact quantity of milk sold in a year. It 

 amoimts to 11,131 1-2 g'dlons, this is exclusive of 

 a supply for the family, and was produced by I 

 suppose an average of 20 cows. There have been 

 seasons when 1 think a larger quantity has been 

 produced in proportion to the number of cows 

 kept, bui the manner in which my hooks have been 

 kept, hardly ever specifying more than the amount 

 received for the article sold, does not enable me to 

 determine with accut'acy the quantity sold in any 

 other year. In the instance given the milk was 

 disposed of to one person at a certain rate, which 

 with the amount of sales being known determines 

 the quantity. How much was used by the fam- 

 ily is not known, probably not more than 300 gal- 

 Ions. 



In regard to the hog there is yet but little to be 

 said, a greater part of it being yet on the tide of 

 exiieriment, whether successful or not, time will 

 detertnine. The burnt part has hitherto been most 

 productive. In 1835, 1-2 acre was [jared, the 

 turf burnt, and the ashes spreail over the surface, 

 i'lip vear»'ii:owing it was planted with potatoes. 

 t(icvro|f'pnyiug T.ir the tnn.< ar ^30 p'-r acre ai'i' 

 all expenses accruing from its improvement. Cast 

 year nothing was taken from it, it was seeded the 

 latter part of summer, and now promises a large 

 crop of hay. 



Respectfully thv friend, 



ADAM ANTHONY. 



( For the V. E. Farraer.j 



ON 



OF 



$1117 00 

 737 39 



$379 61 

 There is reason to su[)pose from present ap- 

 pearances that the lot in question will cut two 

 tons clover this season per acre; it will therefore 

 be seen that my valuation is not a high one. A 

 repetition of the treatment it has received, would 



THE NUTRITIVE QUALITIES 

 VEGETABLE ESCULENTS. 



Persons who have the best intentions towards 

 health, in proportioning their qiiautuiri of animal 

 to vegetable food, are sometimes nnndi deceived 

 on that point, not being aware of the small quan- 

 tity of solid matter which exists in a large bulk of 

 a given esculent vegetable. The ])otato the chief 

 vegetable of the dinner table, varies in its compo- 

 sition according to the kind. We may s.ifely as- 

 sume, from the chemical analyses inade by various 

 individuals, that (me quarter only or about 25 per 

 "eiit. of their weight is solid vegetable nutriment. 

 According to Vanquelin and Percy, 1 lb. of good 

 bread is equal in nutritive power to 2 1-2 lbs. of 

 potatoes ; and 75 lbs. of bread and 30 of meat, 

 are eqiral to 300 lbs. of potatoes. 



Calibage has been examined by Schrader, and 

 found to contain, in every hundred parrs by weight, 

 but 6 7-10 of solid matter; that is, 1 lb. contains 

 less than 1 oz. of matter that can contribute nour- 

 ishment. This agrees nearly with thy estimate of 

 Sir H. Davy. 



Greens, according to Vauquelin, contains 8 per 



no doubt improve still more the te.itture of the j cent, of solid matter ca|>able of nourishing, or 1 1-4 

 soil, but T am inclined to think there might be a oz. in the pound. 



