No. 1. 



On early Autumnal Ploughing. 



13 



cows are all milked by her own men at 2 

 o'clock every mnrninof, and 2 every after- 

 noon, and the produce sent in six gallon 

 block-tin cans, on a superior two-horse "C" 

 spring carriage, — with scarcely any motion 

 tu it — to a West-end milk-dealer, in Edward 

 street, I'ortman square, who contracts for 

 the whole. This establishment is charac- 

 terized beyond any other I have ever seen, 

 by its great neatness and cleanliness, both 

 as regards the premises, the cattle them- 

 selves, and all those who attend upon them. 

 It is worthy of remark that, in no in- 

 stance, is there to be found a milk wagon 

 nsed for the delivery of the milk to the fami- 

 lies: it is always carried in tin cans, sus 

 pended from a wooden yoke, that fits over 

 the shoulder, by either women or men, who 

 generally distribute in this way from 20 to 

 24 gallons within two hours. It is consi 

 dered, and with some truth too, that jolting 

 the milk in wagons has an injurious effect 

 upon it, certainly tending to make it sour 

 and rendering it entirely unfit to set for 

 cream. This mode of delivery causes the 

 milk dealers to have a better understanding 

 amongst themselves as to the distribution of 

 their customers, the same person being gen- 

 erally found to serve with milk every house 

 that takes any in the same street, and con- 

 sequently rendering the labour much less. 

 — Louisville Journal. 



For the Farmers' Cabinet. 



On early Autumnal Ploughing. 



Mr. Editor, — Your correspondent, H. Ca- 

 zier's experience m early autumnal plough- 

 ing, for the destruction of those pests of our 

 corn crops, the heart, wire, and cut-worm,* 

 is but that of hundreds of our practical men; 

 yet I should not suppose it quite necessary 

 for the success of the practice, to confine it 

 strictly to the month of September; the 

 early part of October, one would suppose, 

 would be found about as effectual. At the 

 same time, your personal experience, Mr. 

 Editor, goes to prove, that a " very late au- 

 tumnal ploughing," any more than a "fourth 

 month's" turning would be of no avail. I 

 remember once paying a visit to Mr. H. 

 Eachus, of Delaware county, when he was 

 plasiering his corn in the hill on a large 

 field, that had been turned for experiment, 

 one half in early autumn, and the other in 

 spring, and take upon me to say, that on 

 the spring ploughed sod there were twenty- 

 five cut-worms for one, on that autumn- 

 turned; and many other cases might be 



* See page 370, last No. of the Cabinet. 



cited as proof of the general fact; amongst 

 the rest, tiiat of him who confessed "he did 

 not see any other advantage in early autum- 

 nal ploughing, than the destruction of the 

 cut-worm !" I remember, at the time of my 

 visit, dropping a line on the subject, which 

 appeared in the Cabinet, vol. G, page 253, 

 over the signature of C. W., in answer to a 

 correspondent, Mr. Johnson, page 231 ; and 

 which those of your readers who have that 

 volume may turn to : — may I be permitted 

 to add, at the present moment, it appears to 

 me about all that need be said on the sub- 

 ject. 



I there observe, " In the way in which 

 ploughing is generally performed, it will 

 oftentimes be found of little avail, one half 

 the earth remaining unremoved afler the 

 passage of the plough," and the time that 

 has since elapsed has only added to the con- 

 viction, that success depends verj' much on 

 the manner in which the turning of the sod 

 is accomplished; first, in the care bestowed, 

 and next, in the proper construction of the 

 plough used for that purpose; for I consider 

 the culling plough in common use, exceed- 

 ingly improper; my opinion being, that the 

 eggs of the worm are deposited in the earth, 

 and that they are destroyed by a winter's 

 exposure ; to cut smoothly, therefore, the 

 bottom and side of the furrow-slice and to 

 lay it gently over without breaking, at an 

 angle of 45 degrees, or thereabouts, is, in a 

 great measure merely to transplant the eggs; 

 and where, in such a case, one is destroyed, 

 one dozen may be preserved unmolested, to 

 come into existence in the spring! The 

 plough, therefore, that pulverizes the land, 

 turning it topsy-turvy, and throwing it up 

 high and dry and broken into small particles, 

 shaking, as it were, the eggs out of their 

 envelope, must be the best adapted for this, 

 as for that other purpose, the exposition of 

 the greatest number of its particles to ame- 

 lioration during the frosts and thaws of win- 

 ter. And I must be permitted to add, from 

 long experience and practical information, I 

 know of no plough so proper for these pur- 

 poses, as the Prouty or Centre-draught, the 

 irons of which being cast on the self-sharp- 

 ening principle, constitute it rather a break- 

 inir than a culling plough ; the resistance 

 offered being just sufficient to render its 

 operations a spade-labour business, which is 

 the perfection of good husbandry. 



In conclusion I would observe, the crops 

 of Dr. Noble, Bryan Jackson, and John Jones, 

 the present year, are after the Centre-draught 

 plough, which I consider "praise enough for 

 one day." 



C, W. 



New Castle co. Del., July 2Cth, 1845. 



