276 Trans'plantation of Trees. — An Oravge County Milk Farm. Vol. X. 



riety and the Colmar, I have not obtained 

 fruit till the grafts have been three years 

 old. 



"In the future treatment of my young 

 pear-trees, it is my intention to give them 

 very nearly the form of the old tree I have 

 described, in every respect, except that 

 these will necessarily stand upon larger 

 stems, which I think advantageous; and I 

 shall not permit the existence of so great a 

 number of large lateral branches. In both 

 cases the bearing wood wiU depend wholly 

 beneath the large branches which feed it; 

 for it is the influence of gravitation upon the 

 sap which occasions the early and exuberant 

 produce of fruit. 



" I scarcely need add, that where, in old 

 trees, it is not meant to change the variety, 

 nothing more will be necessary than to take 

 off wholly the spurs and supernumerary 

 large branches, leaving every blossom which 

 grows near the end of the remaining branch- 

 es, or that the length of the dependent bear- 

 ing wood must be different in different va- 

 rieties. The Crassane, the Colmar, and 

 Aston-town, will require the greatest, and 

 the St. Germain probably the least length." 

 — Mauncfs Botanic Garden. 



Transplantation of Trees. 



There is a degree of misconception on 

 this subject that is truly astonishing, when 

 the exercise of a moderate portion of com- 

 mon sense is all that is requisite to form a 

 correct judgment. In the first place, all 

 trees, and even the most delicate plants of 

 the temperate zone, can be sent from our 

 country to Europe with perfect safety, and 

 even to cities in the interior, such as War- 

 saw, Vienna, &c., to which there are seve- 

 ral hundred miles of land carriage after ar- 

 rival in Europe, and yet there are frequent 

 inquiries made, whether trees and plants 

 will bear transportation to the difierent 

 States of our Union. All that any appli- 

 cant for trees, &c., has to do, is to inform 

 the nursery proprietor the best route for 

 transmission, and what portion is land car- 

 riage, and he will manage the details ac- 

 cordingly. Many persons, residing in States 

 eouth of us, have also very erroneous no- 

 tions as to the suitable seasons for transmit- 

 ting trees and plants to them. The months 

 of January and February are perfectly safe 

 for forwarding trees and shrubbery as far 

 south as Charleston, and November to Janu- 

 ary, to New Orleans. The period for trans- 

 plantation commences here the 1st of Octo- 

 ber, and extends to the 1st of May, for the 

 different sections of our country. Trees do 

 not advance materially in vegetation here 



until the middle of April, and it matters not 

 how far advanced they may be at the places 

 where they are planted, even if it were 

 mid-summer, provided they are sent from a 

 place where vegetation is dormant, and the 

 voyage not so long as to start their growth 

 on the passage. Grape vines being very 

 late in vegetating, may be safely transported 

 a month later than the period named for 

 trees. Roses are very retentive of life, and 

 may be transported in safety during the 

 whole period that they are in a dormant 

 state ; and potted plants may be transported 

 in the pots, or turned out and well mossed 

 around the roots, at all seasons of the year. 

 Greenhouse plants can be sent safely through- 

 out the year. Dahlias, bulbous roots, and 

 herbaceous plants, from October to May, in- 

 clusive. — Magazine of HarticitUure. 



From the American Agriculturist. 

 An Orange County Milk Farm. 



While on a visit at Ncwburgh last sum- 

 mer, I made the acquaintance of Mr. J. R. 

 Colwell, who lives on a farm of 280 acres, 

 two and a half miles from the river, and 

 upon which he keeps fifly cows, four oxen, 

 five horses, and varying numbers of j'oung 

 stock. About 60 acres are in grain cultiva- 

 tion ; the other in pasture, mowing, and 

 woodland, which latter, however, is pastured. 

 The average crops on this, as well as ad- 

 joinining farms, may be fairly stated as fol- 

 lows: — Corn, 40 bushels to the acre; rye, 

 "20; oats, 40; and hay, one and a half tons. 

 Of course the great reliance for profit is 

 upon the milk sent to the city market. This 

 is sold at an average through the year of 

 two cents per quart, delivered on board of 

 steam-boats at Newburgh. Mr. Colwell ex- 

 pects his cows to average five or six quarts 

 of milk per day througli the year, which 

 will be in a year, at five and a half quarts 

 per day, 2,007^ quarts, at two cents, $Ao 15, 

 whicii is a little below what is generally 

 calculated for the average produce of cows 

 in Orange county. 



Last year Mr. Colwell only kept sixteen 

 cows, from which he sold milk to the amount 

 of S'^90, making an average of $55 62J to 

 each cow; a very pretty little item for some 

 of us out West, who brag of -our great prai- 

 rie pastures, to set down opposite our ac- 

 count of profit, where cow-keeping costs 

 nothing, and the profit is in exact propor- 

 tion. 



But I must tell how Mr. Colwell's cows 

 are kept. In summer, upon good pasture, 

 watered by such springs and rills as are 

 always found trickling through a mountain- 



