236 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER 



«■ 



FEBRUARY 5, 1S34. 



Saltm, JVov. 26(A, 1S33. 

 This Certifies, that a load of Turnips, driven by 

 Lott Fenely, weighs 4120 gross, 1595 tare, 2525 

 nett lbs. Abr'm True, Company Weigher. 



MR. PAYSON WILLIAMS'S CULTURE OP A 

 PREMIUM CROP OP WHEAT. 



To the Committee on Agricultural Experiments and 



and Products ; 



Gentlemen, — In my statement on the culture 

 of wheat the present season, I take leave to say, 

 first, that the field sown, was the same on which 

 a crop of 613J bushels of potatoes were grown in 

 1832. In the April of 1833, the ground was 

 ploughed fine and deep — 19th, 2£ bushels of Black 

 Sea wheat (the product of some brought from 

 Smyrna by my brother, Capt. Stephen Williams, of 

 Roxhury, which was grown on the abundant bor- 

 ders of* the above mentioned sea ; for a more par- 

 ticular description, I would refer you to my letter 

 to the Editor of the Fitchburg Gazette, copied in- 

 to the N. E. Farmer, and other Agricultural pa- 

 pers of the day,) was sown, harrowed in across the 

 furrows, and rolled in. At harvest, the last of 

 July, we found 800 sheaves, producing fifty-five 

 bushels and tbree pecks. 



I deem it would be of little consequence to send 

 a statement on the culture of potatoes the present 

 season, my process not varying from former prac- 

 tice, and being outdone by my neighbor Carter in 

 the amount of crop, his being (as he informed me) 

 687J, mine no more than 625. 

 Your Ob't. servant, 



Payson Williams, Owner, 



Jackson Durant Williams, Assistant. 



COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS. 



Worcester, ss., JVov. 26th, 1833. 

 Then personally appeared the above named 

 Payson Williams, and Jackson Durant Williams, 

 made oath to the truth of the above certificate, by 

 then' subscribed. Before me, 



David Brigham, Jus. of the Peace 



Expense of Cultivation. 

 2J bushels seed, .... $ 5,62 

 The portion of exhaustion of manure of 1832, 15,00 

 Work in getting in the seed in the spring, 6,00 

 Ditto, in harvesting the crop, . . 5,00 



Threshing the crop . . . 10,00 



$ 41,62 



I consider the grain and straw worth 



$154,37 

 P. W. 



This is to certify, that I, Philip F. Cowdin, be- 

 ing sworn surveyor in the town of Fitchburg, hav- 

 ing measured a piece of ground for Payson Wil- 

 liams, Esq. of said Fitchburg, on which wheat 

 grew the present season, and find the same to con- 

 tain one acre and no more. Said ground was 

 cultivated by said Williams of Fitchburg, in the 

 County of Worcester. 

 Fitchburg, JVov. 20, 1833. Philip F. Cordin. 



MASS. HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



PROCEEDINGS OP THE MASS. HOR. SOCIETY. 



At a meeting held at the Hall of the Institution 

 on Saturday, Feb. 1, 1834, the following letter 

 was read by the President. 



Lansingburgh, Sth JVov. 1833. 



Sir, In my communication to your society of 

 .Tidy 19th and published in the 13th Number of 

 the current volume of the New England Farmer, 

 I promised myself the pleasure of making a further 

 contribution of seeds and plants for the benefit of 

 your justly noted Auburn. 



Should not the beauty and variety of any of my 

 offering give them any worth, still, I tin well per- 

 suaded, you will appreciate the motive and ap- 

 prove of the spirit that promoted the throwing in 

 my mite in support of so laudable an undertaking 

 as that of the cemetery and garden of Mount Au- 

 burn. 



I have sent this day, by one of our sloops, two 

 bales and one paper bundle, with instructions to 

 the captain on his arrival at New York, to put them 

 on board the first packet for Boston, adding the 

 name of the packet to this letter, and placing it in 

 the N. Y. Post Office. 



In bale A, will be found a bundle of — 



No. 1. The Tree of Heaven — Ailanthus glan- 

 dulosus. 



No. 2. Three leaved Bladder nut — Slaphylea 

 trifoliata. 



No. 3. Silver Abele — Populus alba. 



No. 4. Gum Acacia. 



No. 5. Suowberry — Symphonia. 



No. 6. Variegated Willow — Salix cuprae. 



No. 7. Strawberry — Fragaria Vesca. 



No. 8. Senna — Cassia Americalanda. 



A paper of Roan berries for planting — Serbus 

 aucuparia. 



In Bale B, will be found a bundle of — 



No. 9. Black Willow — Salix nigra. 



No. 10. Sweet Scented Willow — Salix lucida. 



No. 11. Tree of Heaven, (large) — Ailanthus 

 glandulosus. 



No. 12. Judson Plum, very superior. 



No. 13. Green Guage. 



No. 14. Weeping Cherry. 



No. 15. Sasafras. 



No. 16. Hop Tree — Ptelea trifoliata. 



No. 17. Dwarf flowering Horse Chesnut — Me- 

 sembry anthemum crystallium. 



No. 18. Filberts. 



No. 19. Pecan Nut — Olivaformis. 



In paper bundle will be found — Double Sun 

 Flower, Wild Rice, Skinless Oats, a box of Lobelia 

 Cardinalis, (the box for the gardener) Job's Tears, 

 Garden Cress, Perennial Hibiscus — mutabiiis, and 

 Patagonian Gourd. 



Among the articles transmitted will be found a 

 garden chisel for your individual use. In the suc- 

 ceeding spring I purpose to send you a seedling 

 Dahlia of my own raising, to which, in approba- 

 tion of your public and private character, I have 

 takeu the liberty to give the name of Dearborn. 



I remain, very respectfully, yours, &.c. 



Alexander Walsh. 

 Hon. H. A. S. Dearborn, \ 



Pres. Mass. Hor. Soc. ) 



Voted, That the thanks of the Society be pre- 

 sented to Alexander Walsh, Esq. of Lansiugburgh, 

 State of New York, for his valuable donation of 

 trees, plants and seeds. 



Voted, That the trees, plants and seeds presented 

 by Alexander Walsh, Esq. be placed in the charge 

 of the superintendent and gardener of Mount Au- 

 burn. R. T. Paine, Rec. Sec'y. 



From the Maine farmer. 

 LIME 

 — Has been found by Chemical analysis to com- 

 pose a very considerable portion of the kernel of 

 wheat. It has also been found that any consider- 

 able quantity of animal manure, applied to land 

 where wheat is sown, has a tendency to cause it to 

 grow rapid, and of course the sap burets out, and 

 it rots, as we call it ; and when this takes place 

 the kernel becomes shrivelled, and is rendered 

 nearly useless; and no human means can prevent 

 it, if we enrich our land largely with animal ma- 

 nure. — A previous clover crop ploughed in is 

 enough to cause wheat to grow sufficiently large, 

 unless we wish for straw instead of kernel. This 

 cannot always conveniently be had when we wish 

 to sow wheat. In such case it is desirable to place 

 something on the soil which will cause it to grow, 

 and not surfeit it. We learn that in Great Britain, 

 nothing has succeeded so well as lime. The far- 

 mers there, within fifteen years, have by the proper 

 use of lime, been able to procure 30 or 40 per 

 cent, more of the golden crop than formerly. 



Why may not we use it to as much advantage? 

 it is found among us plentifully, even in this town, 

 if not so pure to use for plastering, yet abun- 

 dantly so for to make wheat grow well. There- 

 fore I propose that you, sir, or some one else, 

 draw up a subscription paper, inviting our farmers 

 to subscribe something, that funds may be raised 

 to dig, burn, and prepare some of it for use early 

 in the spring. I will not believe that we shall be 

 unwilling to make the trial. I having made these 

 suggestions and surely shall need do no more, ex- 

 cept subscribe something to procure workmen, &c. 

 there being no doubt the owner of the rock will be 

 glad to have the trial made. Experiment. 



Winthrop, Dec. 9, 1S33. 



APPLE TREES. 



A gentleman in Essex, England, having in his 

 orchard many old supposed worn out apple trees, 

 which produced fruit scarcely larger than a walnut, 

 last winter took fresh made lime from the kiln, 

 slacked it with water, and (without allowing time 

 for its caustic quality being injured by imbibing 

 fixed air) well dressed the trees, applying the lime 

 with a brush. The result was, that the insects 

 and moss were completely destroyed, the outer 

 rind fell off, and a new, smooth, clear one formed ; 

 and the trees, although some twenty years old, 

 have now a moist healthy appearance. The same 

 treatment may he extended to other fruit bearing 

 trees, and probably with a similar beneficial result. 



IMPROVEMENT IN THE MODE OP RAISING 

 ANNUAL FLOWER SETSDS. 



After sowing the patch of seeds, and covering 

 it with fine moist soil, place a garden-pot inverse- 

 ly over it, until the seeds have struck root; then 

 raise the pot up two or three inches, keeping it 

 thus supported for a few days, and then remove it 

 entirely. The pot not only keeps the soil moist, 

 tiut by the sun beating the pot, the seeds come up 

 much more quickly than otherwise they would do, 

 in consequence of which the 6eeds need not be 

 sown so early by a fortnight or upwards. The 

 young plants are therefore less exposed to injury 

 from cold or late spring frosts. Hollow tiles, in- 

 stead of pots, answer equally well, except where 

 mice are, they have access to the ends. 



Gardener's Magazine. 



