VOL. XII. NO. 39. 



AND HORTICULTURAL JOURNAL. 



809 



to produce blisters. To aid this external applica- 

 tion, give the doses suitable to the child, " the 

 (■iiiii|i(iiiiiil syrup of squiljs" or Coy's hive syrup, 

 as an expectorant, or if necessary as an emetic. 



If'the hoarseness does not yield to the turpen- 

 tine or t'i expectorant doses of the syrup, give the 

 •i\ni|i by quickly repeating the dose, till it produce 

 ;m emetic effect. Should the bowels be confined 

 give: a dose of castor oil. The diet should consist 

 of barley water or flax-seed tea. The patient 



should be kepi in a i lerately warmed room, and 



not be exposed to a draught of air. The throat 

 must be protected by a pii ce of flannel. 



SEW MODE OF RAISING WHEAT. 



In the Maine Fanner, we rind a committee of 

 the Kennebec Agricultural Society holding the 

 following language : 



" In this connexion we will call your attention 

 for a moment to a new mode of raising winter 

 wheat, that is pursued successfully in the state of 

 Vermont. The ground is prepared in Autumn in 

 the manner already pointed out, and the seed is 

 taken late in the season, when the cold weather 

 has arrived ; and after being swelled, is boxed up, 

 placed where it will freeze, and thus kept till 

 spring, when as soon as the ground will permit it 

 is sowed. The danger of winter killing is thus a- 

 voided, and we are told the crops of wheat are nearly 

 doubled in the section where this course is pursued. 

 The experiment is at any rate worth trying, and 

 if it should prove successful, it may be the means 

 of enabling us to increase very materially the 

 amount of our crop.". — Goodscll's Genesee Farmer. 



From the Genesee Farmer. 

 USE OF THE ROLLER. 



A very small proportion of the fanners in West- 

 ern New York are provided with this valuable im- 

 plement, and I am confident that very few of them 

 wotdd be without it, if they knew its value. 



When my wheat came up in the autumn of 1832, 

 I discovered that in one Held my hired man had 

 not sowed it evenly ; but it was then, as I thought, 

 too late to remedy it. In the spring it presented 

 the same unpromising appearance, being so thin 

 in many places, that I anticipated a short crop. 

 Being disappointed in receiving my clover seed for 

 the same field as early as 1 wished, I was appre- 

 hensive of a failure in that also, and to prevent it 

 directed my son to roll the held. Witnessing the 

 effect, in completely pulverising the crust' which 

 had formed on its surface, I was led to conclude, 

 that the operation had not only placed the clover 

 seed in a favorable situation to vegetate, but would 

 benefit my wheat also ; and therefore directed the 

 residue of my wheat to be rolled. Business called 

 me from home for several weeks, and on my return 

 I was astonished to find that my wheat had spread 

 so as to stand nearly as thick as I wished ; and at 

 harvest it appeared to be perfectly even and pro- 

 duced a line crop. I think that I must have gained 

 by rolling, at least one fourth. My clover seed 

 took well. 



Last spring I rolled after sowing and harrowing 

 my oats, which came up very soon and regularly 

 and produced a heavy crop. 



The past autumn I rolled one wheat field, im- 

 mediately after harrowing, and I think it came up 

 more equally and sooner for the operation. I have 

 also rolled a part of two other fields, in order to 

 ascertain whether rolling in autumn is beneficial to 

 the wheat, the result of which I may hereafter 



communicate. The only doubt I have as to its 

 utility, arises from the belief that snow lying on 

 wheat, is advantageous, and a fear that rolling the 

 ground, will cause it to he more easily blown off. 

 The above mentioned trial of rolling in the spring, 

 is conclusive as to its benefits at that season. An- 

 other benefit resulting is, that the ground is left in 

 mi smooth a state, that the crop is much easier cut, 

 and gathered with less waste. 



1 have also experienced great benefit from the 

 use of the roller on green sward, ploughed in the 

 fall, and left in a rough state through the winter. 

 By passing the roller over it previous to harrowing, 

 the inequalities are removed, and the operation of 

 harrowing rendered much more effective. 



I am led to believe, that in all cases where green 

 sward is turned under for a crop, rolling must he 

 beneficial, even when it is to be a naked fallow, 

 closing the interstices, and the compression having 

 the effect to produce a more equable and thorough 

 decomposition of the sward. 



The effect of a roller on mowing grounds, is to 

 enable the mower to cut the grass closer, and to 

 prepare, the land for the use of the horse rake ; an 

 implement which, with a horse and boy, will do 

 the work of six men. 



Now is the time for every farmer not already 

 furnished with a roller, to procure a stick of heavy 

 white oak, two to two and a half feet diameter, 

 and six feet long, use gudgeons made of one and a 

 half inch iron ; drive them in the centre of the 

 stick, them raise it so that the gudgeons will rest 

 on blocks, when there will be no difficulty in bring- 

 ing it to the shape of an exact cylinder. All that 

 remains to be done, is to make a stout frame and 

 tongue, the latter well braced. Ontario. 



TO LABORING MEN. 



It is an admitted fact that manual labor is the 

 employment most conducive to the happiness, and 

 at the same time most congenial to the health of 

 man. Still there is a fault in the habits of our 

 laboring men to which we invite your attention. 

 That to which we allude may not be general, but 

 that it prevails in a degree is certain. It is the 

 habit of laboring violently for a time until a piece 

 of work is finished, or nearly so, and then relaxing 

 their exertions to recover from the fatigue, and 

 perhaps sickness, occasioned by this imprudent 

 course of conduct. This is ruinous to health and 

 almost fatal to business. Regular, constant labor, 

 without violent exertion, is most profitable, not 

 only because more is accomplished, but because it 

 is done in a better manner. It is the best pre- 

 servative from diseases, and a certain cure for that 

 worst of all diseases, Laziness. The man who 

 labors regularly every day almost invariably enjoys 

 good health. He is not troubled with indigestion, 

 more fashionably called Dyspepsy, and the many 

 nameless complaints that afflict the occasional la- 

 borer, or him who does not labor at all. Let a 

 lazy man once get in the habit of constant labor, 

 and he will almost forget that he does not love it. 

 There are many who say that they are not able to 

 work constantly, and no doubt they think so. No 

 doubt there are many who really are not. But let 

 us look at the habits of some of these feeble men. 

 They are certain they cannot work every day as 

 some of their neighbors do, for only a few days 

 work, as they work, merely through the planting 

 or having season, bringing on sickness from which 

 they tlo not recover for weeks. They refieive but 

 itlle nourishment from their food, nor are they 



much refreshed by sleep: and who can doubt that 

 they are sick ? No one. Nor do we doubt that if 

 very many of those men were to reform their habits 

 they would be improved, and instead of days of 

 tedious labor, and sleepless nights of pain, they 

 would enjoy all the blessings of health attendant 

 on regular constant employment. 



From the Cultivator. 

 DRAINING. 



Batlslon, Dec. 3d, 1833. 

 To the President of the JV. Y. S. Atrr. Society, 



In reply to your letter of the 27lh ult. in which 

 you ask me to state to you the result of my expe- 

 rience of the utility and expense of under-draining 

 farm lands, I have to observe that it is a subject 

 to which I have devoted some attention for the 

 few years during which I have had an interest in 

 agricultural pursuits, and my opinion of its great 

 utility is confirmed by every successive day's ob- 

 servation. 



I have applied under-draining to twenty differ- 

 ent fields, to the extent of more than two thousand 

 rods, and compute the average cost at half a dollar 

 per rod. The expense however is determined by 

 the proximity of materials, and the economy with 

 which the work is performed. 



I am convinced the operative farmer who per- 

 forms his own labor, can effect similar improve- 

 ments considerably less than I have stated. 



In some instances the state of my lands required 

 an expenditure of at least twenty dollars per acre 

 in draining. In such cases the production was 

 .coarse, unwholesome grasses, of little value, and 

 tillage was quite out of the question. Twenty dol- 

 lars per acre was the extent of the value of the 

 land ; whereas, after being effectually drained and 

 cultivated, these lands have produced Indian corn, 

 wheat and clover in great luxuriance, paying an 

 income on one hundred dollars the acre. 



Every practical farmer is aware of the incon- 

 venience and disadvantage attending the cultiva- 

 tion of fields, the different parts of which are so 

 various as to preclude a uniform crop and uniform- 

 ity of cultivation. Draining is the remedy for this. 



As the improvement here treated of, is of the 

 most enduring nature, it would be unfair to charge 

 the expense attending it, upon the product of a 

 single year. My belief is, that I have been fully 

 remunerated by the increased products of three 

 years in all cases ; and further, in nearly every 

 field 1 have, at the termination of the stone drains, 

 durable supplies of water for animals, which, in 

 my estimation, fully compensate the whole expense 

 incurred. 



Upon the whole, I know of no subject connect- 

 ed with agricultural improvement, of more impor- 

 tance, than draining ; and if these facts I have de- 

 tailed at your request, should lead a single individ- 

 ual to experiment on this subject, I shall deem the 

 hour occupied in the detail fully compensated. 



I am, Sir, very respectfully, your obedient ser- 

 vant, Henry W. Delavan. 



ITEMS. 



Rheumatism. A strip of gum elastic applied to 

 any joint affected with the rheumatism, lias been 

 found in all cases an infallible remedy, says the 

 Lebanon Republican. The perscription is simple 

 enough to warrant an experiment. — Greenfield Mer. 

 Stains by Fruits are readily removed from 

 clothes by wetting them, and placing them near 

 lighted brimstone ; a few matches will answer the 

 purpose. 



