320 



NEW ENGLAND FARMER 



APRIL, lfi, 1834. 



MISCELLANY. 



From the Detroit Courier. 

 NEW ENGLAND. 



The hills of New England — 



How proudly they rise 

 In the wildness of grandeur 



To blend with the ski' 8 

 With their far azure outline, 



And tall ancient trees; — 

 New England, my country, 



I love thee for these ! 



Tin- vales of New England 



That cradle her streams ; 

 That smile in their greenness 



Like land in our dreams; 

 All sunny with pleasure, 



Embosomed in ease. — 

 New England, my country, 



1 love thee for these ! 



The woods of New England — 



Still verdant and high, 

 Though rocked by the tempests 



Of ages gone by : 

 Romance dims their arches 



And speaks in the breeze, — 

 New England, my country, 



1 love thee tor these ! 



The streams of New England, 



That roar as they go ; 

 Or seem in their stillness 



But dreaming to flow : 

 O bright gilds the sunbeam 



Their march to the seas, — 

 New England, my country, 



I love thee for these ! 



Tli'' homes of New England, 



Eree. fortuned and fair; 

 O many a heart treasures 



Its teraphim there ! 

 E'en more than thy mountains 



Or streamlets, they please, — 

 New England, my country, 



I love thee for these ! 



God shield thee, New England, 



Dear land of my birth! 

 And thy children that wander 



Afar o'er the earth : 

 Thou'rt my country, wherever 



My lot shall be cast, — 

 Take thou to thy bosom 



My ashes, at last 1 C. 



Williams College, Feb. 5. 1S34. 



IRON. 



Is few instances do we perceive the concern of 

 Providence for the wants of mortals more fully 

 exemplified, than in the abundant distribution ol 

 this substance over the fare of the earth, not only 

 in a metallic state, but also in an infinite variety of 

 combinations: from which source are derived many 

 articles of almost indispensable use in our arts and 

 manufactures, as plumbago, commonly called black 

 lead, (a combination of iron with charcoal,) Prussian 

 blue, green vitriol, &c. ; hut at present we must 

 only take into consideration the simple metal. 



Iron is seldom found in a pure metallic state ; 

 but its ores are diffused throughout nature in 

 greater abundance than those of other metals, of- 

 tentimes combined with them, and sometimes in 

 the states of an oxide, i. c. rust. In this state oc- 

 curs the Swedish iron ore, which produces such 

 excellent metal. In order to reduce the ore into 

 cast-iron, in some manufactories, it is broken into 

 small pieces, and mixed with lime, or some sub- 

 stance capable of promoting its fusion. It is then 

 thrown into the furnace, together with a quantity 

 of coke or charcoal ; where, after being submitted 

 for some time to a most intense heat, the reduced 

 metal descends through the fuel, and collects at 

 the bottom, whence it is Jet out, and forms pigs ol 



cast-iron. In this state it is employed in the fabri- 

 cations of various kinds of machinery and utensils. 



Cast-iron acquires carbon IV the charcoal or 



coke used in iis reduction, and originally contains 

 oxygen anil other adventitious substances, which 

 cause its brittleness and render it fusible, though 

 with some difficulty. In order to deprive it ol 

 these, it is kept in a state of fusion for a consider- 

 able time, anil repeatedly Stirred; during which 

 process, the carbon and oxygen uniting, pass on 

 in the suite id' carbonic-ncid gas or fixed air. -At 

 length, having become thick, it is taken from the 

 furnace, and submitted to the action of the ham- 

 mer, or the regular pressure of large steel rollers, 

 by which the remaining impurities are forced out, 

 and the metal is rendered malleable, ductile, and 

 nearly infusible, iron in this state is called bar 

 or wrought iron. 



Iron, by the above process, being divested of 

 charcoal, must again absorb a small portion of pure 

 carbon, in order to he converted into steel. This 

 is effected by submitting good iron to an intense 

 heat, for several hours, in conjunction with carbo- 

 naceous matter, such as charcoal, car boll ate of lime, 

 &c. Good steel contains about one part of carbon 

 in two hundred of iron. 



It may be remarked, that, of the metals in com- 

 mon use, (platinum excepted) iron alone possesses 

 the property of welding. Innumerable are the 

 advantages which we derive from this peculiar 

 quality, by which, without fusion, merely by heat- 

 ing, iron is moulded into the variety of forms, in 

 which it is every where exhibited to our view. 

 Iron possesses likewise the property of being at- 

 tracted by the magnet, and of becoming itself mag- 

 netic. To this property we are indebted for the 

 mariner's compass — an instrument, by which man 

 is enabled to steer his course towards any part of 

 the globe, with the greatest accuracy and certainty. 



Contrary to the prejudiced opinion of the an- 

 cients, who supposed that iron was poisonous, and 

 that wounds, inflicted with instruments made of 

 this metal, healed with difficulty, it seems that its 

 effects on the animal economy are very beneficial, 

 both in medicinal preparations, and in its state ol 

 natural solution in chalybeate waters. Indeed, ol 

 till metals, this is the most important; since there 

 is no other, wherein are contained, at the same 

 time, so many useful properties; none which can 

 be applied to such a variety of uses; and, finally, 

 none which exists in such abundance, or in so 

 many different states, for it pervades all nature, is 

 found in vegetables, and even in animal fluids. 



It may not be improper to state here, that the 

 article, known in commerce by the name of tinned 

 plate, is not tin, as some suppose, but iron plates, 

 which having undergone certain chemical prepar- 

 ations, are immersed in melted tin, which not only 

 adheres to the surface, but even partly penetrates 

 the plate, and gives it a very brilliant appearance. 



MOOSE. 



A moose is being exhibited in Portland — which 

 was taken seven or eight months ago at the head 

 water of the Androscoggin by an Indian when hut 

 two or three weeks old. The Portland Couiiei 

 says, " he is about the size of a colt, a year old ; 

 as tame and gentle as a house dog; eats hay anil 

 potatoes like a horse ; and will kneel at the bid- 

 ding of bis keeper to pick up his food from the 

 floor, his legs being so long and neck so short as 

 to render this position necessary to enable him to 

 reach the floor." — Berkshire Advocate. 



TO MY NOSE. 



Knows he. that never look a pinch, 

 Nosey ! the pleasure thence which flows'. 

 Knows he the titillating j ly 

 Which my Nose knows? 



Nose ! I am as proud of thee 

 As any mountain of its snows ! 



1 . "ii thee and feel that pride 



A It .lean knows ! 



REDUCTION IN PRICES OP TREES, &.C. 



WM. PRINCE & SONS tunc determined in consequence 

 nl' i he pecuniary pressure, it) reduce the prices uf a great varie- 

 ty ut Trees and Plants, " lien- orders are sent tor a considera- 

 ble amount : and al persons who desire Fruit ami Ornamental 

 Trees; Flowering Shrubs and Plants; Giccnhouse Trees and 

 Plants; Splendid Dahlias ; in Seeds — will en applying in ihein 

 direct l"i m til. with a lisi ol the articles warned, he promptly 

 furnished "iili a printed slieei explaining die reduced rates. — 

 The Chinese Mulberry, or Mnru 3 mullh aulis aie now reduced 

 i" #25 per 100, and ,s" 1 ', pi r di /<n — Apple irees in great va- 

 "i I ii inn — Pears #37£ per 100, and extra large 

 ditto 50 ceiiis each ; ami 50 000 are i"". three, and lour years 

 grafted. — Peaches #20 and 25 pel 100.- — Large Orange Quinces 

 g30p t mi' — English 1 ami Spanish Filberts J 25 per 1C0 —Fine 

 Ked Raspberries #6 per 100. — barge Kednnd Yellow Antwerp 

 Jl 6 per in". — Gooseberries, fii)rsl Lancashire varieties #20 per 

 loll; and Large It d White and black English Currants #16 per 

 lpO. — Isalu h.i Grape', 3 years old vines #25 per 1C0, and 2 

 vi-ars ditto $20 per 100. — Catawba, Alexander, \\ inne. York 

 Claret, York Madeira, ami Scupi Criiong, #25 pel 1C0. — II. r- 

 hemont's Madeira, Troy ami Elsingburgh, #30 per li — Nor- 

 1 1 Mi's Virginia Seedling #35 per 1C0 — The collection ol choice 

 European Grapes is unrivalled. — Chinese Ailnnibus, 4 leet 

 high, #4j perdozen and larger sizes in proportion.- — A reduc- 

 tion is made on a great many kinds ol Roses, Pommies, Chry- 

 santhemums, &c. — Double Dahlias of such line assorted kinds 

 as have been most increased, will be supplied ai #3, $U and 

 >!i pri di a. according to excellence, and selected by our- 

 selves. The roots ran be sent 10 any distance.' — The new va- 

 rieties of Flemish and English Pears flavins been introduced by 

 us and greatly increased, the prices of the greater part have 

 been reduced, and the trees arc mostly of line size and three 

 wars in-t iil'ieil. — The Ornamental Trees ami Shrubs of most 

 kinds an- large ami thrifty, and of double or treble the value of 

 smaller ones, which is a most decided advantage, being a gain 

 ill several vcars in embcllislmienl. 



N. B. Having no Agent at Boston, the Commission of 10 

 per cent, usually allowed lor Agency, will be credited to the 

 purchasers, and be deducted from the amount of die bills ren- 

 dered. The slock of Dahlias being so very large, they w ill be 

 furnished on die most favorable terms possible. 

 I.innreau Boianic Garden and Nurseries, ) 



Flushing, near New-York, Feb. 10, 1834.5 



DAMAGED BISHOPS LAWN AND MUSLINS. 



ELIAB STONE BREWER, al No. 414 Washington 

 Street, will open lor sale tins day, 



1 Casewel (but not damaged) Bishops Lawn. 

 1 do. do. do. Book Muslin. 



Also. 1 do. Superfine 6-4 Cambric Dimolies, which will be 

 offered by die Piece at 25 per cent, less than cost of importa- 

 tion. 

 March 14. 18fl4. 



THE NEW ENGLAND PARMER 



Is published every Wednesday Eveiiini;, al #3 per annum, 

 payable at die eiid of the yea'r — but those who pay within 

 sixty days from the lime ol subscribing, arc entitled to a deduc- 

 tion of fifty cents. 



0= No paper will be sent to a distance without payment 

 being made in advance. 



AGENTS. 

 iVem York — G.Thorburh st Sons, i>7 Liberty-street. 

 Albany — Win. Thorbvjrs, 317 Market-si reel. 

 Phil ulefpliia—D. & C. Lanokfth, 85 Chesnut-street. 

 Baltimore — I. L Hitchcock, Publisher of American Farmer. 

 Cincinnati — S. t'. PAKKinmsT. '.'II Lower Market-street. 

 Flushing, N. Y. — Wm. 1'kinc i: & Sons. Prop. Lin. Bot. Gar. 

 M'nhllehnru. Yl. — Wight Chapman, Merchant. 

 Hartford — Goodwin & Co. Rooksellers. 

 rVevwHrypori — Est m /1 R Stedman, Bookseller. 

 Portsmouth, A'. //. — .1. W. Fostkr, Bookseller. 

 Augusta, Mr. — Willarh Sn El. L, Druggist. 

 Woodstock. Vt.—J. A. Pratt. 



Portland. Me. — C01.MAK, Hol.DEN & Co. Booksellers. 

 Bangor, Me. — Wm. Mann. Druggist. 

 Halifax, A. S. — P. J. Holland, Esq. Editor of Recorder. 



S/. LOUIS — vi KO. UoLTON. 



Montreal, '•• C. — Geo. Bfnt. 



Printed tor Geo. C. Baiiiie-ii by Fohh & 1'ami iii, 

 u hoexecute every description of Book and Fancy Print- 

 ■tig in good style, and with promptness. Orders for print- 

 ing may lie left with Geo. C. Barrett, at the Agricul 

 lural Warehouse, No. 02, North Market Street. 



